污秽成分对复合绝缘子表面电场的影响

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202011094

中国电力 ›› 2021, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (7): 149-157.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202011094

污秽成分对复合绝缘子表面电场的影响

王思华^1,2, 王军军¹, 赵磊¹, 陈龙¹

1. 兰州交通大学自动化与电气工程学院，甘肃兰州 730070;
2. 甘肃省轨道交通电气自动化工程实验室（兰州交通大学），甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2020-11-20 修回日期:2020-12-18 发布日期:2021-07-12
作者简介:石吉银(1981-),男,高级工程师,从事电力系统继电保护与控制研究,E-mail:75175303@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(盐碱沙尘地区接触网绝缘子动态积污规律和污闪预测方法的研究，51767014；风沙环境下兰新高铁接触网附加导线舞动放电特性及防治技术研究，51867013)；中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划项目(盐碱区域绝缘子动态积污分析及防治技术研究，2017010-C)。

Influence of Pollution Components on Surface Electric Field of Composite Insulators

WANG Sihua^1,2, WANG Junjun¹, ZHAO Lei¹, CHEN Long¹

1. School of Automation & Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2. Rail Transit Electrical Automation Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2020-11-20 Revised:2020-12-18 Published:2021-07-12
Supported by:
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Research on Dynamic Pollution Accumulator Law and Pollution Flashover Prediction Method of Ocs Insulators in Saline Dust Area, No.51767014; Research on Dancing Discharge Characteristics and Prevention Technology of Additional Wire of Ocs of Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-Speed Railway under Wind and Sand Environment, No.51867013) and the Science and Technology Research and Development Program of China Railway Corporation (Study on Dynamic Contamination of Insulator in Saline Dust Area and its Prevention and Control Technology, No.2017010-C).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 绝缘子表面积污是造成污闪事故的主要原因，污秽成分对绝缘子电气性能产生不同的影响。为研究污秽成分对绝缘子表面电场的影响，以青藏铁路沿线格尔木市作为绝缘子实际运行环境，构建复合绝缘子简化模型。经过仿真发现，污秽干燥时对绝缘子表面电场的影响程度由高到低的次序为CaSO₄、KNO₃、NaNO₃、K₂SO₄、NaCl、MgSO₄，主要由介质的相对介电常数决定；当污秽湿润时对绝缘子表面电场的影响程度由高到低的次序为氯化钠、硝酸盐、硫酸盐，各污液的电导率成为影响电场分布的主要因素。而憎水性的有无也会影响绝缘子的电场分布，有干燥带的绝缘子整体场强高于没有干燥带存在的绝缘子，通过仿真结果与试验结果比较得以验证。该结论从电场分布的角度解释了污秽成分对绝缘子绝缘性能的影响，为地区污秽等级划分和实验室绝缘子积污试验提供了新的思路。

关键词: 复合绝缘子, 污秽成分, 电场, 电导率, 憎水性, 干燥带

Abstract: Surface pollution of insulators is the main cause of pollution flashover, and the pollution components have different effects on the electrical performances of insulators. In order to study the influence of pollution components on the surface electric field of insulators, a simplified model of composite insulators was established by taking Golmud city along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway as the actual operation environment of insulators. It is found through simulation that when the contaminants are dry, their influence on the surface electric field of insulator follows the tendency from high to low as CaSO₄＞KNO₃＞NaNO₃＞K₂SO₄＞NaCl＞MgSO₄, which is mainly determined by the relative dielectric constant of the medium; when the contaminants are wet, their influence follows the tendency as sodium chloride ＞ nitrate ＞ sulfate, and the conductivity of each polluted liquid becomes the main factor affecting the electric field distribution. The hydrophobicity also affects the electric field distribution of insulators, and the overall electric intensity of insulator with drying zone is higher than that without drying zone. The simulation results were verified by the experimental results. The conclusion explains the influence of pollution components on insulator’s insulation performance from the perspective of electric field distribution, and can provide a new idea for regional pollution classification and insulator contamination test in laboratory.

Key words: composite insulator, pollution component, electric field, conductivity, hydrophobicity, drying zone

王思华, 王军军, 赵磊, 陈龙. 污秽成分对复合绝缘子表面电场的影响[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(7): 149-157.

WANG Sihua, WANG Junjun, ZHAO Lei, CHEN Long. Influence of Pollution Components on Surface Electric Field of Composite Insulators[J]. Electric Power, 2021, 54(7): 149-157.

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污秽成分对复合绝缘子表面电场的影响

Influence of Pollution Components on Surface Electric Field of Composite Insulators

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Influence of Pollution Components on Surface Electric Field of Composite Insulators

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