基于SVG附加电流反馈阻抗重塑的双馈风电场次/超同步振荡抑制策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202308003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

双馈风电场易与电网相互作用引起次/超同步振荡，针对目前抑制振荡时阻抗重塑法适应性不强的问题，提出一种基于静止无功发生器（SVG）附加电流反馈控制的阻抗重塑法，该方法建立的虚拟阻抗可跟随风电场的阻抗特性变化而改变，其灵活性强于通过建模分析设计出的固定虚拟阻抗。首先，基于SVG和风电场并网阻抗模型推导了该方法所加入的虚拟阻抗公式。然后，根据阻频特性分析了该方法的有效性以及阻抗重塑控制参数对抑制效果的影响。最后，根据青海省某双馈风电场并网模型，在PSCAD/EMTDC中建立了电磁暂态仿真模型，仿真结果表明：所提方法可以在不同振荡情况下实现对场站的阻抗重塑，灵活抑制风电场次/超同步振荡。

关键词: 风电场, 次/超同步振荡, 静止同步补偿器, 振荡抑制, 阻抗重塑

Abstract:

Doubly-fed wind farm often interacts with the power grid, leading to sub/super-synchronous oscillations. To address the issue of limited adaptability in suppressing these oscillations using impedance reshaping methods, this paper proposes an impedance reshaping method based on a static var generator (SVG)-additional current feedback control. The virtual impedance established by this method is correlated with the impedance characteristics of the wind farm, providing greater flexibility compared with fixed virtual impedance obtained through modeling and analytical design. Initially, the virtual impedance formulation, incorporating the SVG and wind farm grid-connected impedance models, is derived. Subsequently, the effectiveness of the proposed method and the impact of impedance reshaping control parameters on the suppression performance are analyzed based on impedance frequency characteristics. Finally, based on the grid-connected model of a doubly-fed wind farm in Qinghai Province, an electromagnetic transient simulation model is developed in PSCAD/EMTDC. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves impedance reshaping for the wind farm under different oscillation conditions, effectively suppressing sub/super-synchronous oscillations in the wind farm.

Key words: wind farm, sub/super-synchronous oscillations, SVG, oscillation suppression, impedance reshaping

王泽嘉, 韩民晓, 范溢文. 基于SVG附加电流反馈阻抗重塑的双馈风电场次/超同步振荡抑制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(8): 55-66.

Zejia WANG, Minxiao HAN, Yiwen FAN. Suppression Strategy of Sub/Super-synchronous Oscillations in Doubly-Fed Wind Farm Based on SVG Additional Current Feedback Impedance Reshaping[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(8): 55-66.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202308003

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I8/55

图/表 25

图 1 双馈风力发电场并网等效电路

Fig.1 Equivalent circuit of grid-connected system of doubly-fed wind farm

图 2 附加电流反馈阻抗重塑控制的SVG结构

Fig.2 Structure of SVG with additional current feedback impedance reshaping control

图 3 SVG双闭环附加电流反馈控制系统

Fig.3 SVG dual closed-loop system with additional current feedback control

图 4 SVG电路结构

Fig.4 Circuit of SVG

表 1 DFIG主要参数

Table 1 Main parameters of DFIG

参数	数值	参数	数值
直流电压 U_wdc/kV	1.45	变压器电压/kV	35/0.69/0.69
交流电压 U_wM/kV	0.69	RSC内环PI	1.2+0.025/s
额定容量 S_w/MW	2	RSC外环PI	2+0.02/s2+0.05/s
直流电容 C_wdc/μF	500	RSC锁相环PI	2.2+0.238/s
滤波电容 C_wf/ μF	700	GSC内环PI	1+0.01/s
滤波电感 L_wf/H	0.00134	GSC外环PI	0.4+0.01/s
额定频率 f₁/Hz	50	GSC锁相环PI	1.2+0.05/s

表 2 SVG主要参数

Table 2 Main parameters of SVG

参数	数值	参数	数值
直流电压 U_dc/kV	21	增益系数 k_s	13
直流电容 C_dc/mF	15	Hbutt1阶数 n₁	4
交流电压 U/kV	10	Hbutt1截止频率f_c1/Hz	1
交流滤波电感 L/H	0.002	Hbutt2阶数 n₂	2
额定频率 f₁/Hz	50	Hbutt2截止频率 f_c2/Hz	100
内环控制PI	20+ 0.0007326/s	外环控制PI	1.0+170/s
变压器电压/kV	35/10

图 5 Gsy奈奎斯特曲线对比

Fig.5 Nyquist curves comparison of Gsy

图 6 KDtS的频率特性曲线

Fig.6 Frequency characteristic curve of KDtS

图 7 改变ks时KDtS频率特性曲线

Fig.7 Frequency characteristic curve of KDtS with changing ks

图 8 改变fc1时KDtS频率特性曲线

Fig.8 Frequency characteristic curve of KDtS with changing fc1

图 9 改变fc2时KDtS频率特性曲线

Fig.9 Frequency characteristic curve of KDtS with changing fc2

图 10 改变SVG外环PI比例参数

Fig.10 Proportional parameter changing of outer-loop PI controller of SVG

图 11 改变SVG外环PI积分参数

Fig.11 Integral parameter changing of outer-loop PI controller of SVG

图 12 改变SVG内环参数

Fig.12 Inner-loop parameter changing of SVG

图 13 参数调整前后KDtS频率特性曲线

Fig.13 Frequency characteristic curve of KDtS before and after parameter adjustment

图 14 双馈风电场并网送出仿真模型

Fig.14 Simulation model for grid-connected output of doubly-fed wind farm

图 15 风电场正序阻抗

Fig.15 Positive sequence impedance of wind farm

图 16 不同情况下风电场阻频特性曲线

Fig.16 Impedance frequency characteristic curves of wind farms under different conditions

图 17 加入抑制前后仿真结果对比

Fig.17 Comparison of simulation results with and without suppression

图 18 加入抑制前后风电场输出电流谐波分量

Fig.18 Harmonic components of output current of wind farm with and without suppression

图 19 加入抑制前后SVG输出电流

Fig.19 SVG output current with and without suppression

表 3 SVG参数变化

Table 3 Change of SVG parameters

状态	增益系数K_s	Hbutt2截止频率f_c2/Hz
调整前	13	100
调整后	16	123

图 20 调整参数前后对比

Fig.20 Comparison before and after parameter adjustment

图 21 并联补偿振荡时加入抑制前后仿真结果对比

Fig.21 Comparison of simulation results with and without suppression during parallel compensation oscillation

图 22 加入抑制前后风电场输出电流谐波分量

Fig.22 Harmonic components of output current of wind farm with and without suppression

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