弱电网下新能源逆变器自同步电压源低电压穿越控制方法

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202303126

中国电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (7): 21-29.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202303126

• 新型电力系统不确定性建模与运行决策 • 上一篇下一篇

弱电网下新能源逆变器自同步电压源低电压穿越控制方法

柳丹¹(), 江克证¹(), 康逸群¹, 冀肖彤², 徐韫钰³, 刘芳³()

1. 国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，湖北武汉　430077
2. 国网湖北省电力有限公司，湖北武汉　430077
3. 合肥工业大学电气与自动化工程学院，安徽合肥　230009

收稿日期:2023-03-29 出版日期:2024-07-28 发布日期:2024-07-23
作者简介:柳丹（1988—），女，硕士，高级工程师，从事新能源、交直流配电网研究，E-mail： dannyliu6@hotmail.com
江克证（1995—），男，硕士，从事新能源建模与稳定性分析研究，E-mail：jiangkz21@163.com
刘芳（1980—），女，通信作者，博士，副教授，从事新能源电力系统稳定与控制、新能源发电先进电力变换技术研究，E-mail：fragcelau@hfut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家电网有限公司科技项目（县域高比例可再生能源电力系统运行关键技术研究，4000-202122070A-0-0-00）。

Self-synchronization Voltage Source LVRT Control Method for New Energy Inverter under Weak Grid

Dan LIU¹(), Kezheng JIANG¹(), Yiqun KANG¹, Xiaotong JI², Yunyu XU³, Fang LIU³()

1. Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430077, China
2. State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430077, China
3. School of Electric Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China

Received:2023-03-29 Online:2024-07-28 Published:2024-07-23
Supported by:
This work is supported by Science and Technology Project of SGCC (Research on Key Technologies of County High Proportion Renewable Energy Power System Operation, No.4000-202122070A-0-0-00).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新能源并网逆变器的自同步电压源控制技术对构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统具有重大意义，然而当弱电网电压发生跌落时，传统的自同步控制方法在低电压穿越（low voltage ride through，LVRT）过程中会出现由于电网阻抗大、相角差大等引起的瞬态电流冲击大、弱电网电压无法维持稳定、电压-电流控制能力须相互平衡等一系列问题。推导了低电压跌落时弱电网电压矢量与弱电网阻抗、并网电流之间的关系以及影响因素，进而提出了一种基于暂稳态阻抗重塑的多状态跟随自同步电压源LVRT控制方法，通过稳态阻抗来平衡电压和电流之间的控制能力；通过暂态阻抗重塑保证了整个过程的电压与电流瞬态控制与平滑过渡能力。为了进一步保证弱网下跌落和恢复过渡过程的平滑切换与稳定运行，提出了基于多状态跟随的暂态控制策略，优先发出无功支撑电网电压，并补偿相角和幅值突变带来的瞬态过电压和过电流冲击，帮助电网电压平稳过渡。最后，在Matlab/Simulink中验证了所提控制方法的正确性与有效性。

关键词: 弱网, 自同步, 低电压穿越, 暂稳态阻抗重塑, 多状态跟随

Abstract:

The self-synchronization voltage source control technology of the grid-connected inverter is of great significance to the construction of new power system dominated by renewable energy. When the voltage of weak grid drops, the traditional self-synchronization control strategy will have a series of problems in the process of low voltage ride through (LVRT), such as the large transient current impact, the instability of weak grid voltage, and the imbalance of voltage-current control ability, which are caused by the large grid impedance and phase angle difference. For this reason, the relationship between the grid voltage vector and the grid impedance and the grid-connected current in the case of voltage sag under the weak grid, as well as the influencing factors are derived in this paper. Furthermore, a multi-state following self-synchronization voltage source LVRT control method based on stable and transient impedance reshaping is proposed to balance the control ability between voltage and current through steady-state impedance, and ensure the transient control and smooth transition of voltage and current in the whole process through transient impedance reshaping. At the same time, a transient control strategy based on multi-state following is proposed to further ensure the smooth switching and stable operation during the voltage drop and recovery process under weak grid, which can firstly deliver reactive power to support the grid voltage, and compensate the impact of transient overvoltage and overcurrent caused by phase angle and amplitude mutation to help the grid voltage transit smoothly. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control method are verified in MATLAB/Simulink.

Key words: weak grid, self-synchronization, low voltage ride through, stable and transient impedance reshaping, multi-state following.

柳丹, 江克证, 康逸群, 冀肖彤, 徐韫钰, 刘芳. 弱电网下新能源逆变器自同步电压源低电压穿越控制方法[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(7): 21-29.

Dan LIU, Kezheng JIANG, Yiqun KANG, Xiaotong JI, Yunyu XU, Fang LIU. Self-synchronization Voltage Source LVRT Control Method for New Energy Inverter under Weak Grid[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(7): 21-29.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202303126

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I7/21

图/表 10

图 1 新能源并网逆变器拓扑结构

Fig.1 Topology of new energy grid-connected inverter

图 2 传统自同步控制框图

Fig.2 Block diagram of traditional self-synchronization control

图 3 电压跌落等效电路

Fig.3 Voltage sag equivalent circuit

图 4 弱电网低电压跌落时参数变化曲线

Fig.4 Parameter change curve during low voltage sag of weak grid

图 5 自同步电压源LVRT控制框图

Fig.5 Block diagram of self-synchronization LVRT control

表 1 仿真参数

Table 1 Simulation parameters

参数	数值	参数	数值
U_ref/V	311	U_dc/V	650
P₀/kW	100	Q₀/(V·A)	0
ω₀/(rad·s^–1)	314	L/mH	0.3
C₁/μF	200	R_C/Ω	0.266
R_g/Ω	0.01	L_g/mH	2.3
m	3.1×10^–5	n	7.6×10^–5
J/kg·m²	0.03	K_m	–1.5
R_v/Ω	0.005	L_v/mH	0.33
K_d	0.047	T_d	0.0182
α	1.9×10^–3	τ	8×10^–4
K_U	1	K_θ	1

图 6 传统自同步控制方法仿真波形

Fig.6 Simulation waveforms of traditional self-synchronization control method

图 7 无暂稳态阻抗重塑的自同步控制仿真波形

Fig.7 Simulation waveforms of self-synchronization control without transient impedance reshaping

图 8 无多状态跟随的自同步控制仿真波形

Fig.8 Simulation waveforms of self-synchronization control without multi-state following

图 9 所提控制方法仿真波形

Fig.9 Simulation waveforms of the proposed control method

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弱电网下新能源逆变器自同步电压源低电压穿越控制方法

Self-synchronization Voltage Source LVRT Control Method for New Energy Inverter under Weak Grid

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弱电网下新能源逆变器自同步电压源低电压穿越控制方法

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