基于直流电流反馈的MMC-HVDC系统的中高频振荡抑制策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202309116

中国电力 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (1): 39-49.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202309116

• 电能质量及柔性输电技术 • 上一篇下一篇

基于直流电流反馈的MMC-HVDC系统的中高频振荡抑制策略

辛业春¹(), 李尚轩¹(), 王延旭¹(), 朱益华²^,³(), 余佳微²^,³, 常东旭²^,³

1. 现代电力系统仿真控制与绿色电能新技术教育部重点实验室（东北电力大学），吉林吉林　132012
2. 直流输电技术全国重点实验室（南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司），广东广州　510663
3. 国家能源大电网技术研发（实验）中心，广东广州　510663

收稿日期:2023-09-25 接受日期:2024-04-11 出版日期:2025-01-28 发布日期:2025-01-23
作者简介:辛业春（1982—），男，博士，教授，博士研究生导师，从事柔性直流输电技术、输变电设备运行状态在线监测与故障诊断技术研究，E-mail：xinyechun@163.com
李尚轩（1999—），男，硕士研究生，从事柔性直流输电振荡抑制策略研究，E-mail：lishangxuan99@163.com
王延旭（1993—），男，通信作者，博士研究生，从事柔性直流输电技术研究，E-mail： yxwang@neepu.edu.cn
朱益华（1988—），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事电力系统分析与稳定控制、新能源并网运行与控制研究，E-mail：zhuyih@csg.cn
基金资助:
直流输电技术国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目（高比例新能源电网惯量在线评估及频率稳定协调控制技术，SKLHVDC-2022-KF-07）。

Mid- and High-Frequency Oscillation Suppression Strategy for MMC-HVDC System Based on DC Current Feedback

Yechun XIN¹(), Shangxuan LI¹(), Yanxu WANG¹(), Yihua ZHU²^,³(), Jiawei YU²^,³, Dongxu CHANG²^,³

1. Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology, Ministry of Education (Northeast Electric Power University), Jinlin 132012, China
2. State Key Laboratory of HVDC, China Southern Power Grid Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
3. National Energy Power Grid Technology R & D Centre, Guangzhou 510663, China

Received:2023-09-25 Accepted:2024-04-11 Online:2025-01-28 Published:2025-01-23
Supported by:
This work is supported by Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of HVDC (No.SKLHVDC-2022-KF-07)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于模块化多电平换流器的柔性直流输电（modular multilevel convertor based high voltage direct current，MMC-HVDC）系统存在的中高频振荡问题严重危胁电力系统的正常运行。首先，基于MMC的动态相量模型，建立了MMC的交流侧阻抗模型；其次，利用阻抗法分析控制环节及控制参数对MMC阻抗特性的影响，得到了功率外环、电流内环及控制链路延时是导致MMC呈现负阻尼特性的主要原因；再次，在分析现有基于电压前馈环节和电流内环的协同振荡抑制策略不足的基础上，提出了功率外环附加直流电流反馈的振荡抑制策略，极大程度消除系统中的谐波分量，改善了MMC的阻抗特性；最后，通过电磁仿真软件验证理论分析和抑制措施的正确性与有效性。

关键词: 模块化多电平换流器, 稳定性分析, 中高频振荡, 振荡抑制

Abstract:

The serious mid-and high- frequency oscillation issue in modular multilevel convertor based high voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) systems poses a significant threat to the normal operation of power systems. In this paper, we firstly established an AC-side impedance model of the MMC based on its dynamic phase vector model. Secondly, we analyzed the impact of control loops and control parameters on MMC impedance characteristics using the impedance method, and identified the power outer loop, current inner loop and control loop delay as the main factors causing MMC to present negative damping characteristics. And then, based on an analysis of the limitations of existing oscillation suppression strategies that are based on voltage feedforward loops and current inner loops, we proposed an oscillation suppression strategy that adds DC current feedback to the power outer loop, which can greatly eliminate harmonic components in the system and improve MMC impedance characteristics. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the theoretical analysis and proposed suppression measures were verified through electromagnetic simulation software.

Key words: modular multilevel convertor (MMC), stability analysis, mid- and high-frequency oscillation, oscillation suppression

辛业春, 李尚轩, 王延旭, 朱益华, 余佳微, 常东旭. 基于直流电流反馈的MMC-HVDC系统的中高频振荡抑制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(1): 39-49.

Yechun XIN, Shangxuan LI, Yanxu WANG, Yihua ZHU, Jiawei YU, Dongxu CHANG. Mid- and High-Frequency Oscillation Suppression Strategy for MMC-HVDC System Based on DC Current Feedback[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(1): 39-49.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202309116

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I1/39

图/表 20

图 1 MMC的单相电路拓扑

Fig.1 Single phase circuit topology of MMC

图 2 电气坐标系与控制坐标系之间的关系

Fig.2 The relationship between electrical coordinate system and control coordinate system

表 1 系统主要参数

Table 1 Main parameters

参数		数值
系统	网侧交流电压/kV	525
	额定直流电压/kV	840
	额定功率/(MV·A)	1250
变压器	变压器变比/kV	525/437
变压器	变压器短路比/%	14
MMC	桥臂子模块数/个	500
	桥臂等效电阻/Ω	0.5
	桥臂等效电感/mH	140
	桥臂子模块电容/μF	11000
控制器	锁相环PI参数(k_pPLL、k_iPLL)	2000、3000
	功率外环PI参数(k_ppq、k_ipq)	0.3、10
	电流内环PI参数(k_pi、k_ii)	0.4、16.7
	环流抑制PI参数(k_pi2、k_ii2)	0.4、40
	Pade近似延时时间/μs	300

图 3 不同锁相环控制参数下MMC的阻抗

Fig.3 Impedance of MMC under different PLL control parameters

图 4 不同外环控制参数下MMC的阻抗

Fig.4 Impedance of MMC under different outer loop control parameters

图 5 不同内环控制参数下MMC的阻抗

Fig.5 Impedance of MMC under different inner loop control parameters

图 6 不同环流抑制控制参数下MMC的阻抗

Fig.6 Impedance of MMC under different CCSC parameters

图 7 不同控制链路延时下MMC的阻抗

Fig.7 Impedance of MMC under different control link delays

图 8 电压前馈环节附加滤波器后MMC的阻抗

Fig.8 Impedance of MMC after adding a filter to the voltage feedforward link

图 9 电流内环附加阻尼环节

Fig.9 Additional damping link in the current inner loop

图 10 电流内环附加滤波器后MMC的阻抗

Fig.10 Impedance of MMC after adding a filter to the current inner loop

图 11 功率外环附加直流电流反馈环节

Fig.11 Adding DC current feedback link to the power outer loop

图 12 功率外环附加直流电流反馈

Fig.12 Adding DC current feedback to the power outer loop

图 13 MMC的阻抗模型

Fig.13 Impedance model of MMC

图 14 工况1的MMC和交流系统的阻抗

Fig.14 Impedance of MMC and AC system of Condition 1

图 15 工况1的阀侧交流电压FFT分析

Fig.15 FFT analysis of valve side AC voltage of Condition 1

图 16 工况1的阀侧交流电压

Fig.16 Valve side AC voltage of Condition 1

图 17 工况2的MMC和交流系统的阻抗

Fig.17 Impedance of MMC and AC system of Condition 2

图 18 工况2的阀侧交流电压FFT分析

Fig.18 FFT analysis of valve side AC voltage of Condition 2

图 19 工况2的阀侧交流电压

Fig.19 Valve side AC voltage of Condition 2

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基于直流电流反馈的MMC-HVDC系统的中高频振荡抑制策略

Mid- and High-Frequency Oscillation Suppression Strategy for MMC-HVDC System Based on DC Current Feedback

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基于直流电流反馈的MMC-HVDC系统的中高频振荡抑制策略

Mid- and High-Frequency Oscillation Suppression Strategy for MMC-HVDC System Based on DC Current Feedback

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