模块化多电平柔性直流换流器高频振荡抑制策略与参数优化设计

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202405143

中国电力 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (1): 50-60.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202405143

• 电能质量及柔性输电技术 • 上一篇下一篇

模块化多电平柔性直流换流器高频振荡抑制策略与参数优化设计

周啸¹(), 阳岳希¹(), 寇龙泽¹(), 李云丰²(), 钱学威², 郝捷³, 景卫哲³

1. 先进输电技术全国重点实验室（中国电力科学研究院有限公司），北京　102209
2. 电网防灾减灾全国重点实验室（长沙理工大学），湖南长沙　410114
3. 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院，山西太原　030001

收稿日期:2024-05-14 出版日期:2025-01-28 发布日期:2025-01-23
作者简介:周啸（1986—），男，博士，高级工程师，从事柔性直流输电系统设计与控制保护研究，E-mail：zhouxiao1@epri.sgcc.com.cn
李云丰（1988—），男，通信作者，博士，副教授，从事柔性直流输电技术、新能源发电与储能技术研究，E-mail：liyunfeng@csust.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家电网有限公司科技项目（5100-202258310A-2-0-QZ）。

Strategy Design and Parameter Optimization of High-Frequency Resonance Suppression for Modular Multilevel Converter

Xiao ZHOU¹(), Yuexi YANG¹(), Longze KOU¹(), Yunfeng LI²(), Xuewei QIAN², Jie HAO³, Weizhe JING³

1. National Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology (China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd.), Beijing 102209, China
2. National Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Reduction for Power Grid (Changsha University of Science and Technology), Changsha 410114, China
3. State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, Taiyuan 030001, China

Received:2024-05-14 Online:2025-01-28 Published:2025-01-23
Supported by:
This work is supported by Science and Technology Project of SGCC (No.5100-202258310A-2-0-QZ).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对柔性直流输电系统送出时换流站高频振荡问题，提出了一种有源阻尼与无源阻尼抑制方案及其参数优化设计方法，旨在从换流站角度无源化阻抗特性，实现高频振荡可靠抑制。首先，通过分析换流站高频简化阻抗模型中的负阻尼特性，揭示了抑制方案中有源阻尼应实现换流站负阻尼转移到更高频率的原则。其次，基于阻抗模型求得虚拟串联阻抗有源阻尼控制器参数的选取原则，采用系数拟合法求取合适参数。然后，以降低投入成本为目标、完全消除高频负阻尼为约束，运用优化算法确定无源滤波器参数，通过对比虚拟串联阻抗加入后无源滤波器的参数变化，突出协调抑制方案的经济性。最后，通过电磁暂态仿真，验证了参数优化设计方法下抑制方案的正确性和有效性。

关键词: 柔性直流输电, 换流站, 高频振荡, 无源滤波器, 系数拟合, 优化算法

Abstract:

Addressing the issue of high-frequency oscillations in converter stations during flexible DC grid integration and transmission, a suppression scheme combining active and passive damping, along with a method for optimizing the design of its parameters, is proposed. This scheme aims to alter the impedance characteristics of the converter station from a passive perspective, thereby achieving reliable suppression of high-frequency oscillations. Firstly, by analyzing the negative damping characteristics within the simplified high-frequency impedance model of the converter station, the principle is revealed that the active damping in the suppression scheme should shift the negative damping of the converter station to higher frequencies. Secondly, based on the impedance model, the principle for selecting the parameters of the active damping controller for virtual series impedance is derived, and appropriate parameters are obtained using a coefficient fitting method. Subsequently, with the goal of reducing investment costs and the constraint of completely eliminating high-frequency negative damping, an optimization algorithm is employed to determine the parameters of the passive filter. By comparing the parameter changes of the passive filter before and after the addition of virtual series impedance, the economic benefits of the coordinated suppression scheme are highlighted. Finally, electromagnetic transient simulations verify the correctness and effectiveness of the suppression scheme under the optimized parameter design method.

Key words: flexible HVDC, converter station, high-frequency resonance, passive filter, coefficient fitting, optimistic algorithm

周啸, 阳岳希, 寇龙泽, 李云丰, 钱学威, 郝捷, 景卫哲. 模块化多电平柔性直流换流器高频振荡抑制策略与参数优化设计[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(1): 50-60.

Xiao ZHOU, Yuexi YANG, Longze KOU, Yunfeng LI, Xuewei QIAN, Jie HAO, Weizhe JING. Strategy Design and Parameter Optimization of High-Frequency Resonance Suppression for Modular Multilevel Converter[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(1): 50-60.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202405143

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I1/50

图/表 18

图 1 柔性直流换流站构建直流电网的结构

Fig.1 Construction of flexible DC grid based on MMC

图 2 无源滤波器结构与配置

Fig.2 Passive filter structure and configuration

图 3 无源滤波器参数对有功和无功影响

Fig.3 The influence of passive filter parameters on active and reactive power

图 4 换流站控制器结构

Fig.4 Construction of converter station controller

图 5 3种电压前馈阻抗相位与电导

Fig.5 Three types of voltage feedforward impedance phase and conductivity

图 6 3种滤波器阻抗特性

Fig.6 Impedance characteristic in three types of filters

图 7 3种滤波器换流站电导特性

Fig.7 Conductance characteristics of converter stations in three types of filters

图 8 3种数字滤波器换流站稳定性判定

Fig.8 Stability determination of three types of digital filters for converter stations

表 1 不同链路延时下1阶滤波器系数

Table 1 First order filter coefficients under different link delays

1阶滤波器系数	链路延时
1阶滤波器系数	350 μs	450 μs	550 μs
增益k_vir/dB	–300	–350	–200
截止角频率ω_vir/(rad·s^–1)	9348.1	7199.1	5766.8

图 9 不同延时下换流站电导特性

Fig.9 Conductivity characteristics of converter stations under different delays

图 10 不同延时下换流站稳定性判定

Fig.10 Stability determination of converter stations under different delays

表 2 不同方案下无源滤波器参数对比

Table 2 Comparison of passive filter parameters under different scenarios

阻尼控制方式	C_p1/ μF	C_p2/ μF	L_p/ mH	R_p/ Ω	有功损耗/W	无功补偿/ (MV·A)
原方案	0.577	563.0	18.0	84	10^–7（约为0）	67.90
无阻尼	0.105	83.9	227.3	1917	238.9	12.39
3种数字滤波器	0.085	83.9	227.3	1917	156.4	10.03

图 11 抑制方案电导理论验证

Fig.11 Theoretical verification of suppression scheme conductivity

表 3 不同链路延时下无源滤波器参数对比

Table 3 Comparison of passive filter parameters under different link delays

链路延时/μs	有源阻尼	无源电容C_p1/μF	无功补偿/(MV·A)
350	无	0.055	6.48
350	有	0.050	5.89
450	无	0.074	8.72
450	有	0.065	7.66
550	无	0.105	12.39
550	有	0.085	10.03

图 12 仿真系统示意

Fig.12 Schematic of simulation system

图 13 电磁暂态仿真有功与无功变化

Fig.13 Electromagnetic transient simulation of active and reactive power changes

图 14 电磁暂态仿真三相电压变化

Fig.14 Electromagnetic transient simulation of three-phase voltage changes

图 15 电感变化仿真验证

Fig.15 Simulation verification of inductance changes

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模块化多电平柔性直流换流器高频振荡抑制策略与参数优化设计

Strategy Design and Parameter Optimization of High-Frequency Resonance Suppression for Modular Multilevel Converter

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模块化多电平柔性直流换流器高频振荡抑制策略与参数优化设计

Strategy Design and Parameter Optimization of High-Frequency Resonance Suppression for Modular Multilevel Converter

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