基于桥臂调制波调整的多端柔直系统直流过电压抑制策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311116

中国电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4): 171-181.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311116

基于桥臂调制波调整的多端柔直系统直流过电压抑制策略

彭茂兰¹(), 冯雷¹(), 王宇²(), 徐李清²(), 赵薇²(), 郭春义²()

1. 南方电网公司直流输电装备与海底电缆安全运行联合实验室（超高压输电公司电力科研院），广东广州　510663
2. 新能源电力系统全国重点实验室（华北电力大学），北京　102206

收稿日期:2023-11-22 接受日期:2024-01-21 出版日期:2024-04-28 发布日期:2024-04-26
作者简介:彭茂兰（1991—），女，硕士，工程师，从事柔性直流输电工程设计与试验技术研究，E-mail：pml1081170912@163.com
冯雷（1993—），男，硕士，工程师，从事柔性直流输电运行与控制研究，E-mail：itachilei@163.com
王宇（2000—），男，硕士研究生，从事高压直流输电运行与控制研究，E-mail：1148608785@qq.com
徐李清（1998—），男，硕士研究生，从事高压直流输电运行与控制研究，E-mail：xlqfamily0725@163.com
赵薇（2000—），女，博士研究生，从事高压直流输电运行与控制研究，E-mail：m18264837418@163.com
郭春义（1984—），男，通信作者，博士，教授，从事新能源并网与稳定控制研究，E-mail： chunyiguo@outlook.com
基金资助:
南方电网公司直流输电装备与海底电缆安全运行联合实验室科技项目（提升柔性直流输电系统消纳新能源能力的关键技术研究，0120002022030301SJ00046）。

DC Overvoltage Suppression Strategy for MMC-MTDC Based on Bridge Arm Modulated Wave Adjustment

Maolan PENG¹(), Lei FENG¹(), Yu WANG²(), Liqing XU²(), Wei ZHAO²(), Chunyi GUO²()

1. China Southern Power Grid Joint Laboratory of DC Transmission Equipment and Submarine Cable Safety Operation ( CSG EHV Electric Power Research Institute), Guangzhou 510663, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources (North China Electric Power University), Beijing 102206, China

Received:2023-11-22 Accepted:2024-01-21 Online:2024-04-28 Published:2024-04-26
Supported by:
This work is supported by the Science and Technology Project of China Southern Power Grid Joint Laboratory of DC Transmission Equipment and Submarine Cable Safety Operation (Research on Key Technologies to Improve Enhance the New Energy Integration Capability of Flexible HVDC Transmission System, No.0120002022030301SJ00046)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于模块化多电平换流器（modular multilevel converter，MMC）的多端柔性直流输电系统能够实现多电源供电和多落点受电，运行方式灵活，是解决清洁能源并网和消纳问题的有效技术手段。然而当系统受端交流侧发生故障时将出现盈余功率，导致直流过电压问题。对此，提出一种基于桥臂调制波动态调整的多端柔直系统直流过电压抑制策略。所提策略通过在换流阀桥臂调制波中引入直流电压偏差控制，动态调整暂态期间桥臂调制波的直流电压参考值，从而减少桥臂投入的子模块数量，最终达到抑制直流过电压的目的。为验证所提控制策略的有效性，在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建了送端光水打捆经四端柔性直流输电的外送系统，给出了所提控制策略的参数设计方法。通过设置受端交流系统不同工况，对比研究了所提控制策略投入后的系统直流过电压特性，结果表明所提控制策略可以有效抑制因受端交流侧故障引起的多端柔性直流输电系统的直流过电压。

关键词: 多端柔性直流输电系统, 盈余功率, 直流过电压, 桥臂调制波动态调整, 直流电压偏差控制

Abstract:

Modular multilevel converter based multi-terminal DC transmission (MMC-MTDC) system can realize multi-source power supplies and multi-terminal power-receiving. Flexible in operation modes, it is thus an effective technical means to solve the problem of grid-access and accommodation of clean energy. However, when AC fault occurs at the AC side of the receiving-end system, the created surplus power of the system will lead to serious DC overvoltage. In view of this, this paper proposes a DC overvoltage suppression strategy for multi-terminal flexible HVDC system based on bridge arm modulated wave dynamic adjustment. The proposed strategy introduces DC voltage deviation control into the modulation wave of the converter valve bridge arm, dynamically adjusting the DC voltage reference value of the bridge arm modulation wave during transient periods, thereby reducing the number of sub modules invested in the bridge arm, and ultimately achieving the goal of suppressing DC overvoltage. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, a four-terminal flexible HVDC transmission system for photovoltaic and hydropower transmission is built in PSCAD/EMTDC, and the parameter design method of the proposed control strategy is given. Finally, by setting different operating conditions for the receiving-end AC system, a comparative study is made on the DC overvoltage characteristics of the system after implementation of the proposed control strategy. The results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively suppress the DC overvoltage of the MMC-HVDC transmission system caused by the receiving-end AC-side fault.

Key words: multi-terminal flexible HVDC system, surplus power, DC overvoltage, bridge arm modulated wave dynamic adjustment, voltage deviation control

彭茂兰, 冯雷, 王宇, 徐李清, 赵薇, 郭春义. 基于桥臂调制波调整的多端柔直系统直流过电压抑制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(4): 171-181.

Maolan PENG, Lei FENG, Yu WANG, Liqing XU, Wei ZHAO, Chunyi GUO. DC Overvoltage Suppression Strategy for MMC-MTDC Based on Bridge Arm Modulated Wave Adjustment[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(4): 171-181.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311116

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I4/171

图/表 15

图 1 四端柔性直流输电系统

Fig.1 Four-terminal flexible HVDC system

表 1 系统参数

Table 1 System Parameters

系统参数		数值
额定直流电压/kV		±800
4个换流站额定直流功率/MW		10000
光伏场站额定有功功率/MW		7500
水电站额定有功功率/MW		2500
直流线路I长度/km		2000
直流线路Ⅱ长度/km		400
直流线路电阻R₀/(Ω·km^–1)		0.0042
直流线路电感L₀/(H·km^–1)		0.0008
直流线路电容C₀/(μF·km^–1)		0.0065
受端交流系统短路比		5
单个换流阀额定直流电压/kV		400
单个换流阀额定直流功率/kW		1250
单个换流阀的桥臂子模块个数		220
子模块额定电容电压/kV		2.1

图 2 MMC桥臂调制波生成过程以及子模块调制过程

Fig.2 The bridge arm modulated wave generation and sub-module modulation process

图 3 附加电压偏差控制的换流阀桥臂调制波调整方法

Fig.3 Modulated wave adjustment method with additional voltage deviation control

图 4 K=0.8时Udci_max2与Udci_max1的关系曲线

Fig.4 The relation curve between Udci_max2 and Udci_max1 with K=0.8

图 5 逆变站1交流故障下换流站直流电压波形

Fig.5 The DC voltage waveform of converter stations under AC fault of inverter station 1

图 6 逆变站1交流故障下换流站中换流阀一相上下桥臂投入的子模块总数

Fig.6 The number of sub-modules put into one-phase bridge arm under AC fault of inverter station 1

图 7 逆变站1交流故障下换流站子模块电容电压波形

Fig.7 The capacitor voltage waveform of sub-module under AC fault of inverter station 1

图 8 逆变站1交流故障下换流站直流侧功率波形

Fig.8 The DC power waveform of converter station under AC fault of inverter station 1

表 2 逆变站1交流故障下各换流站直流过电压理论计算值与仿真值对比

Table 2 Comparison between theoretical calculation and simulation values of DC overvoltage of all converters under AC fault of inverter station 1

换流站	直流过电压理论计算值/kV	直流过电压仿真值/kV	相对误差/%
整流站	894	892	0.2
逆变站1	845	838	0.8
逆变站2	824	844	2.4

图 9 逆变站2交流故障下换流站直流电压波形

Fig.9 The DC voltage of converter station under AC fault of inverter station 2

图 10 逆变站2交流故障下换流站中换流阀一相上下桥臂投入的子模块总数

Fig.10 The number of sub-modules put into one-phase bridge arm under AC fault of inverter station 2

图 11 逆变站2交流故障下换流站子模块电容电压波形

Fig.11 The capacitor voltage waveform of sub-module under AC fault of inverter station 2

图 12 逆变站2交流故障下换流站直流功率波形

Fig.12 The DC power waveform of converter station under AC fault of inverter station 2

表 3 逆变站2交流故障下各换流站直流过电压理论计算值与仿真值对比

Table 3 Comparison between theoretical calculation and simulation values of DC overvoltage of all converters under AC faults of inverter station 2

换流站	直流过电压理论计算值/kV	直流过电压仿真值/kV	相对误差/%
整流站	932	937	0.5
逆变站1	855	882	3.1
逆变站2	861	878	1.9

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基于桥臂调制波调整的多端柔直系统直流过电压抑制策略

DC Overvoltage Suppression Strategy for MMC-MTDC Based on Bridge Arm Modulated Wave Adjustment

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基于桥臂调制波调整的多端柔直系统直流过电压抑制策略

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