低压直流系统高频振荡问题的降阶建模及控制参数设计

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202302050

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电压源型变流器、直流线路和恒功率负荷之间相互影响会导致低压直流系统出现高频振荡失稳问题。为此，建立了适用于系统高频振荡建模分析的统一化降阶模型，并从统一化降阶模型角度解释了系统高频振荡失稳原因。在此基础上，提出了一种能够抑制高频振荡的控制参数可行域分析方法。该可行域不仅能够直观呈现系统在不同控制参数下的低频稳定区域和高频失稳区域，还能在稳定区域详细显示系统级动态特性（振荡频率和阻尼比）的定制化设计曲线。最后，利用PLECS软件搭建了低压直流系统的仿真算例，多组仿真时域结果均验证了统一化降阶模型及控制参数可行域的有效性。

关键词: 低压直流系统, 高频振荡, 统一化降阶模型, 控制参数, 可行域

Abstract:

The interaction between voltage-source converters, DC lines and constant power loads (CPLs) leads to high-frequency oscillation instability in low-voltage DC systems. For this reason, a normalized reduced-order model applicable to the analysis of high-frequency oscillations of the system is established in this paper, with the causes of the high-frequency oscillation instability of the system explained from the perspective of the normalized reduced-order model. On the basis, an analysis method of feasible region of control parameters that can inhibit high-frequency oscillations is proposed. This feasible region cannot only present visually the low-frequency stability or high-frequency instability regions of the system under different control parameters, but also show customized design curves of the system-level dynamic characteristics (oscillation frequency and damping factor) in detail in the stability region. Finally, the simulation example of the low-voltage DC system is built via PLECS software, with the validity of the normalized reduced-order model and the feasible region of control parameters verified by multiple sets of simulation time domain results.

Key words: low-voltage DC system, high-frequency oscillation, normalized reduced-order model, control parameters, feasible region

刘晓, 董春发, 瞿寒冰, 于光远, 苏善诚. 低压直流系统高频振荡问题的降阶建模及控制参数设计[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(2): 82-93.

Xiao LIU, Chunfa DONG, Hanbing QU, Guangyuan YU, Shancheng SU. Reduced-order Modeling and Control Parameter Design of High-Frequency Oscillation in Low-Voltage DC System[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(2): 82-93.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202302050

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I2/82

图/表 24

图 1 某典型低压直流系统的拓扑结构及控制框图

Fig.1 Topological structure and control diagram of a typical low-voltage DC system

图 2 低压直流系统的仿真波形

Fig.2 Simulation waveform of low-voltage DC system

图 3 归一化降阶模型的拓扑结构及控制框图

Fig.3 Topological structure and control block diagram of the normalized reduced-order model

图 4 统一化降阶模型的仿真波形

Fig.4 Simulation waveform of the normalized reduced-order model

图 5 传递函数Gudeq_line(s)的零极点图

Fig.5 Zero-pole diagram of transfer function Gudeq_line(s)

图 6 传递函数Guiudsys(s)和Guiudeq_line(s)的波特图

Fig.6 Bode diagram of transfer function Guiudsys(s) and Guiudeq_line(s)

图 7 传递函数Guiudeq_line(s)的零极点图

Fig.7 Zero-pole diagram of transfer function Guiudeq_line(s)

图 8 有源阻尼补偿前后的传递函数Guiudeq_line(s)波特图

Fig.8 Bode diagram of transfer function Guiudeq_line(s) with and without active damping compensation

图 9 有源阻尼补偿前后的传递函数Guiudeq_line(s)的零极点

Fig.9 Zero-pole diagram of transfer function Guiudeq_line(s) with and without active damping compensation

图 10 电压控制参数可行域的求解流程

Fig.10 Flowchart for the feasible region of voltage control parameters

图 11 电压控制参数可行域

Fig.11 Feasible region of voltage control parameters

表 1 第2~6组电压控制参数

Table 1 Voltage control parameters of Group 2~6

场景	电压比例/积分系数	振荡频率/Hz	阻尼比
第2组	0.332/121	15	0.175
第3组	0.418/491	30	0.175
第4组	0.331/863	40	0.175
第5组	0.159/481	30	0.125
第6组	0.029/481	30	0.100

图 12 传递函数Guiudeq_line(s)在第2组参数处的波特图

Fig.12 Bode diagram of transfer function Guiudeq_line(s) at Group 2 parameters

图 13 传递函数Guiudeq_line(s)在第2组参数处的零极点图

Fig.13 Zero-pole diagram of transfer function Guiudeq_line(s) at Group 2 parameters

图 14 电流比例系数为0.035的电压控制参数可行域

Fig.14 Feasible region of voltage control parameters with a current proportional gain of 0.035

图 15 电流比例系数为0.050的电压控制参数可行域

Fig.15 Feasible region of voltage control parameters with a current proportional gain of 0.050

表 2 第7~10组控制参数

Table 2 Control parameters of Group 7~10

场景	电流比例/ 积分系数	电压比例/ 积分系数	振荡频率/Hz	阻尼比
第7组	0.035/40	0.392/219	20	0.175
第8组	0.050/40	0.852/227	20	0.325
第9组	0.020/20	0.640/347	25	0.225
第10组	0.020/60	0.200/335	25	0.125

图 16 电流积分系数为20的电压控制参数可行域

Fig.16 Feasible region of voltage control parameters with a current integral gain of 20

图 17 电流积分系数为60的电压控制参数可行域

Fig.17 Feasible region of voltage control parameters with a current integral gain of 60

图 18 有源阻尼补偿后的仿真波形

Fig.18 Simulation waveform with active damping compensation

图 19 第2~4组参数的时域仿真结果

Fig.19 Simulation results for Group 2~4 parameters

图 20 第3组、第5组和第6组参数的时域仿真结果

Fig.20 Simulation results for Group 3, Group 5 and Group 6 parameters

图 21 第7组和第8组参数的时域仿真结果

Fig.21 Time domain simulation results for Group 7 and Group 8 parameters

图 22 第9组和第10组参数的时域仿真结果

Fig.22 Time domain simulation results for Group 9 and Group 10 parameters

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