中国电力 ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (11): 49-58, 112.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202209011

• 海上风电送出与并网技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

华东沿海风电场群电网主动频率支撑策略

李建华1(), 曹路1(), 杨仁炘2(), 邓桢彦2(), 李征2(), 蔡旭2()   

  1. 1. 国家电网有限公司华东分部,上海 200120
    2. 电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室(上海交通大学),上海 200240
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-05 接受日期:2022-12-05 出版日期:2023-11-28 发布日期:2023-11-28
  • 作者简介:李建华(1978—),男,硕士,高级工程师(教授级),从事电力系统建模与仿真、新能源运行控制与管理等研究,E-mail: li_jianhua@ec.sgcc.com.cn
    曹路(1971—),男,博士,高级工程师(教授级),从事大电网运行控制与管理等研究,E-mail: cao_l@ec.sgcc.com.cn
    杨仁炘(1992—),男,博士,博士后,从事海上风电经柔性直流输电并网的控制与保护等研究,E-mail: frank_yang@sjtu.edu.cn
    邓桢彦(1998—),男,博士研究生,从事风电机组的构网型控制及电网主动支撑等研究,E-mail: dengzy@sjtu.edu.cn
    李征(1960—),女,博士,教授,从事海上新能源系统建模与并网控制、储能系统应用、智能微电网等研究,E-mail: lizheng@dhu.edu.cn
    蔡旭(1964—),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,从事可再生能源功率变换与并网技术、大功率电力电子与电力系统控制等研究,E-mail: xucai@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家电网有限公司华东分部科技项目(华东大规模沿海风电群交直流并网适应性和主动支撑能力研究(主动支撑能力),52080020006A);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(52107201)。

An Active Frequency Support Strategy for Costal Wind Farms in East China

Jianhua LI1(), Lu CAO1(), Renxin YANG2(), Zhenyan DENG2(), Zheng LI2(), Xu CAI2()   

  1. 1. East China Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Shanghai 200120, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion, Ministry of Education (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Shanghai 200240, China
  • Received:2022-09-05 Accepted:2022-12-05 Online:2023-11-28 Published:2023-11-28
  • Supported by:
    This work is supported by Science & Technology Project of East China Branch of SGCC (Study on Grid-Integration Adaptability and Active Support Capacity of Large-Scale Coastal Wind Farms in East China (Active Support Capacity), No.52080020006A) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52107201).

摘要:

针对华东电网多种运行方式场景下暂态频率响应的特性,提出沿海风电场经交/直流并网的主动频率支撑的自同步电压源控制策略;在此基础上,通过基于PSCAD/EMTDC的华东电网电磁暂态等值模型,给出华东电网在不同新能源占比下的风电场电网支撑能力的要求,以及与常规同步机协同惯量响应的基本规则。仿真结果表明,华东电网在新能源占比高于30%后,风电的惯量响应对电网频率最低点的提升作用明显,随着沿海风电场群容量的快速增长,风电机组提供主动惯量支撑不可或缺;风电机组的虚拟惯性时间常数宜设置在风电机组的物理惯性时间常数附近,在需要参与系统一次调频时,应将风机变桨系统和同步机一次调频的控制进行协同优化才可避免由此产生的频率振荡。

关键词: 风电场, 频率支撑, 惯量响应, 一次调频, 高渗透比

Abstract:

According to the characteristics of transient frequency response of the East China Power Grid under various operation modes, an active frequency support strategy is proposed for coastal wind farms. Through the PSCAD/EMTDC-based electromagnetic transient equivalent model of the East China Power grid, the requirements of the East China power grid on the support capacity of wind farms under different penetration of renewable energy, and the basic rules of collaborative inertia response with conventional synchronous generators are given. The simulation results show that when the penetration of renewable energy in the East China Grid is higher than 30%, the inertia response of wind power plays an obvious role in increasing the frequency nadir of the grid, and with the rapid growth of the capacity of coastal wind farms, it is indispensable for wind turbines to provide active inertia support; the virtual inertia time constant of wind turbines should be set around the physical inertia time constant of the wind turbines; when wind turbines are needed to participate in the primary frequency regulation (PFR), the pitch system control of wind turbines and the PFR control of synchronous generators should be co-optimized to avoid frequency oscillation. This article can provide a useful reference for the power grid operation under high penetration of non-synchronous power sources.

Key words: wind farm, frequency support, inertia response, primary frequency regulation, high penetration