Adaptive Load Frequency Control Strategy for Interconnected Power Systems Considering Stochastic Access/Exit Behaviors of Energy Storage Systems

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202502011

Abstract

Abstract:

Utilizing energy storage systems (ESSs) to participate in load frequency control (LFC) can effectively improve the frequency stability of power systems. However, due to such factors as state of charge or sudden physical failures, the random access or exit of ESSs may cause uncertain changes in LFC structure, which is not conducive to the controller design. In this paper, an asynchronous switched adaptive LFC strategy is proposed. Firstly, a series of possible scenarios for ESSs to participate in LFC were pre-set. For each scenario, the control parameter design constraints were determined by constructing Lyapunov functionals. Secondly, to address the uncertainties of LFC structure caused by random access/exit of ESSs, update criteria for control parameters switching between any two scenarios were derived based on the average dwell time technique. Finally, to minimize the average dwell time between any two operating scenarios, an LFC parameter optimization method based on harmony search was designed to effectively improve the tolerance of the power system for stochastic energy storage access/exit behaviors. Simulation results show that compared with existing control schemes that do not consider the factors of access/exit of ESSs, the proposed method can effectively reduce the impact of ESSs' access/exit on the dynamic behaviors of LFC system.

Key words: interconnected power system, load frequency control, asynchronous switch, energy storage system, adaptive control

CLC Number:

TM76.2

MAN Linkun, WU Keming, CHI Cheng, YOU Jinshi, ZHAO Zitong, ZHANG Yajian. Adaptive Load Frequency Control Strategy for Interconnected Power Systems Considering Stochastic Access/Exit Behaviors of Energy Storage Systems[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(9): 164-174.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202502011

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V58/I9/164

Figures/Tables 13

References 23

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方案	A_CE		ΔP_tie		Δf
方案	振幅 (p.u.)	IAE/ ((p.u.)·s)	振幅 (p.u.)	IAE/ ((p.u.)·s)	振幅/ Hz	IAE/ (Hz·s)
本文	0.0228	0.0548	4.95×10^–4	0.00226	3.83×10^–4	0.00103
1	0.0250	0.0542	5.46×10^–4	0.00235	4.16×10^–4	0.00101
2	0.0245	0.0544	5.61×10^–4	0.00251	4.10×10^–4	0.00102
3	0.0229	0.0586	6.01×10^–4	0.00300	3.87×10^–4	0.00111

方案	A_CE		ΔP_tie		Δf
方案	振幅 (p.u.)	IAE/ ((p.u.)·s)	振幅 (p.u.)	IAE/ ((p.u.)·s)	振幅/ Hz	IAE/ (Hz·s)
本文	0.0228	0.0548	4.95×10^–4	0.00226	3.83×10^–4	0.00103
1	0.0250	0.0542	5.46×10^–4	0.00235	4.16×10^–4	0.00101
2	0.0245	0.0544	5.61×10^–4	0.00251	4.10×10^–4	0.00102
3	0.0229	0.0586	6.01×10^–4	0.00300	3.87×10^–4	0.00111

方案	ACE绝对值误差积分/((p.u.)·s)	ΔP_tie绝对值误差积分/((p.u.)·s)	Δf绝对值误差积分/(Hz·s)
本文	0.13814	0.00282	0.00240
1	0.14399	0.00312	0.00252
2	0.14959	0.00297	0.00262
3	0.14088	0.00347	0.00247

方案	ACE绝对值误差积分/((p.u.)·s)	ΔP_tie绝对值误差积分/((p.u.)·s)	Δf绝对值误差积分/(Hz·s)
本文	0.13814	0.00282	0.00240
1	0.14399	0.00312	0.00252
2	0.14959	0.00297	0.00262
3	0.14088	0.00347	0.00247

场景	ACE		ΔP_tie		Δf
场景	振幅 (p.u.)	IAE/ ((p.u.)·s)	振幅 (p.u.)	IAE/ ((p.u.)·s)	振幅/ Hz	IAE/ (Hz·s)
1	0.02285	0.05482	4.946×10^–4	0.00226	3.826×10^–4	0.00103
2	0.02500	0.03732	5.458×10^–4	0.00153	4.163×10^–4	0.00070