A Demand Side Adjustment Capacity Sharing Model Based on Cooperative Game

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202406076

Abstract

Abstract:

Under the background of demand response (DR) program, if load aggregators (LAs) are allowed to share the demand side adjustment capability, specifically, those with higher unit adjustment cost can purchase the adjustment services from those with lower unit cost, then those with lower costs can increase the revenue from sharing services, and those with higher costs can reduce the adjustment costs, thus achieving a win-win situation. Therefore, a demand side adjustment capability sharing mode is proposed. Firstly, the demand side adjustment cost of all LAs are evaluated, including the load adjustment cost and the energy storage system (ESS) adjustment cost. Then, a non-cooperative DR optimization model is established to estimate the optimal response, DR reward revenue and potential adjustment capability. Since the essence of sharing is to redistribute the adjustment cost, a demand side adjustment cost optimization model based on cooperative game is established to solve the demand side adjustment costs and responses of each LA after sharing, and calculate the settlement costs among LAs. The case study shows that the profits of LAs from DR program have been improved after participating in the sharing market.

Key words: demand response, energy sharing, cooperative game, energy storage system, real time price

ZHANG Jie, HUA Yufei, WANG Chen. A Demand Side Adjustment Capacity Sharing Model Based on Cooperative Game[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(6): 45-55.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202406076

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V58/I6/45

Figures/Tables 11

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区间		奖惩标准
Ω＞150%		违约响应，超出部分不奖励
70%≤Ω＜150%		实际响应量×奖励标准
60%≤Ω＜70%		50%×实际响应量×奖励标准
Ω＜60%		违约响应，不足部分进行惩罚

区间		奖惩标准
Ω＞150%		违约响应，超出部分不奖励
70%≤Ω＜150%		实际响应量×奖励标准
60%≤Ω＜70%		50%×实际响应量×奖励标准
Ω＜60%		违约响应，不足部分进行惩罚

参数名称	数值	参数名称	数值
单位功率投资成本/ (元·(kW)^–1)	508.80	单位功率维护成本/ (元·(kW)^–1)	21.81
单位容量投资成本/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)	1453.72	单位容量维护成本/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)	21.81
回收系数/%	0	单位容量替换成本/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)	1090.29
充放电效率/%	88	自放电率/%	0
放电深度/%	90	折现率/%	8
使用寿命/年	20	循环寿命/次	6000
循环衰退率/(%·(次)^–1)	0.004	年循环次数/(次·(年)^–1)	500

参数名称	数值	参数名称	数值
单位功率投资成本/ (元·(kW)^–1)	508.80	单位功率维护成本/ (元·(kW)^–1)	21.81
单位容量投资成本/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)	1453.72	单位容量维护成本/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)	21.81
回收系数/%	0	单位容量替换成本/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)	1090.29
充放电效率/%	88	自放电率/%	0
放电深度/%	90	折现率/%	8
使用寿命/年	20	循环寿命/次	6000
循环衰退率/(%·(次)^–1)	0.004	年循环次数/(次·(年)^–1)	500

用电时段		承诺响应量/ (MW·h)			需求曲线斜率/ (元·(MW·h)^–1)
用电时段		A	B	C	A	B	C
鼓励用电	02:00—03:00	8	5	4	–7.55	–11.41	–18.53
	03:00—04:00	10	5	4	–3.85	–5.81	–9.59
	13:00—14:00	/	8	6	/	–5.45	–12.50
	14:00—15:00	/	5	3	/	–7.12	–6.03
	15:00—16:00	8	8	4	–5.01	–8.14	–15.04
	16:00—17:00	10	8	4	–6.25	–4.57	–11.26
削减用电	08:00—09:00	–10	–5	–5	–5.23	–15.91	–8.28
	09:00—10:00	–10	–5	–5	–4.86	–8.94	–7.41
	17:00—18:00	–8	–5	/	–10.24	–11.62	/
	18:00—19:00	–8	–5	/	–11.84	–18.31	/
	19:00—20:00	–10	–8	–5	–13.08	–6.54	–15.84
	20:00—21:00	–5	–10	–5	–10.46	–7.34	–8.26