基于复合序电流特征的构网型新能源外送线路纵联保护

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202410068

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

构网型新能源集中外送系统接入显著改变了电网的故障特征，外送线路发生故障时传统纵联保护易出现灵敏度降低甚至拒动风险。基于此，提出一种基于复合序电流的构网型新能源机组外送线路纵联保护新原理。考虑故障时构网型新能源机组固有控制策略对正序分量和负序分量的限制作用，将构网型新能源外送线路的故障分为对称性故障、不对称性故障和集中外送故障3类，并利用正序分量、负序分量构造保护判据，针对集中外送故障场景提出利用正序突变量构造保护判据。在此基础上，将3种故障特征量融合并构造基于复合序电流的保护判据，进一步提升保护的灵敏性与速动性。在PSCAD中搭建构网型新能源集中外送系统模型验证所提保护新原理的性能。仿真结果表明，所提方案在高阻接地情况下，仍具有较高的灵敏度。

关键词: 构网型, 控制策略, 纵联保护, 正序突变量

Abstract:

The access of grid-forming new energy centralized transmission system has significantly changed the fault characteristics of the grid, and the traditional longitudinal protection is prone to sensitivity reduction or even refusal risk when the transmission line fault occurs. Based on this, this paper proposes a new principle of longitudinal protection for transmission lines of grid-forming new energy units based on composite sequence currents. Considering the limiting effect of the grid-forming new energy unit's inherent control strategy on the positive-sequence component and the negative-sequence component during faults, the faults of grid-forming new energy transmission line are classified into symmetrical faults, asymmetrical faults, and centralized transmission faults. The positive sequence component and negative sequence component are used to construct the protection criteria, and the positive sequence mutation is proposed to construct the protection criteria for the centralized transmission fault scenario. On this basis, the three fault characteristics are integrated and the protection criterion based on compound sequence current is constructed to further improve the sensitivity and rapidity of protection. The performance of the proposed new protection principle is verified by constructing a model of new energy centralized transmission system in PSCAD. The simulation results show that it still has high sensitivity even in the case of high resistance grounding.

Key words: grid forming, control strategy, longitudinal protection, positive sequence mutation

袁松, 葛昭, 唐佳杰, 梅家葆. 基于复合序电流特征的构网型新能源外送线路纵联保护[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(8): 185-192.

YUAN Song, GE Zhao, Tang Jiajie, MEI Jiabao. Longitudinal Protection of Grid-Forming New Energy Outgoing Lines Based on Composite Sequence Current Characteristics[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(8): 185-192.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202410068

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I8/185

图/表 6

图 1 构网型变流器控制流程

Fig.1 Grid-forming converter control process

图 2 构网型新能源机组集中外送系统

Fig.2 Grid-forming new energy set centralized outward transmission system

图 3 对称故障场景下系统侧与场站侧正序电流

Fig.3 Grid-side and power-side positive sequence current for symmetrical fault scenarios

图 4 不对称故障场景下系统侧与场站侧负序电流

Fig.4 Grid-side and power-side negative sequence current for unsymmetrical fault scenarios

图 5 新能源机组集中外送系统故障场景下系统侧与场站侧正序突变量

Fig.5 Grid-side and power-side positive sequence mutation current for new energy set centralized outward transmission scenarios

表 1 不同故障条件下综合判据的故障识别效果

Table 1 Fault identification effect of the comprehensive criterion under different fault conditions

故障类型	接地电阻/Ω	系统侧复合电流幅值/A	场站侧复合电流幅值/A	比值
单相接地故障	1 000	2 309.67	498.65	4.63
	3 000	2 234.78	465.23	4.80
	5 000	2 095.28	444.76	4.71
两相故障	一	2 468.98	716.37	3.44
三相故障	一	2 750.63	983.58	2.79
三相接地故障	1 000	2 689.70	893.68	3.01
	3 000	2 555.93	879.65	2.91
	5 000	2 456.03	855.73	2.87

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