Calculation and Analysis of the Electricity Carbon Footprint of Pumped Storage Power Stations in Power Systems

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202507056

Abstract

Abstract:

Quantitative analysis of the carbon footprint of pumped storage power stations (PSPS) is conductive to the quantitative study on the green and clean attributes of pumped storage stations and improve the national average electricity carbon footprint factors. Based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach, this study analyzes carbon emission sources and their quantities of five typical PSPSs across all stages: including pre-construction preparation, construction, operation & maintenance, and decommissioning. Furthermore, it proposes an emission calculation method tailored to application scenarios for the pumping-generation phase. When used to improve the average carbon footprint factor for national power industry, the Jilin Dunhua PSPS (hereafter referred to as Dunhua Station) records a total lifecycle carbon emission of 1.7486 million tonnes. The daily operational emissions during its operation phase constitutes the primary source, accounting for more than 41%. At a 95% confidence level, the electricity carbon footprint from Dunhua Station ranges within [0.0235, 0.0266] kg/(kW·h). The average carbon footprint across the five studied PSPSs is 0.0238 kg/(kW·h), with operational maintenance costs and non-traceable construction costs identified as significant influencing factors for Dunhua Station. After incorporating the impact of pumped storage, the 2023 national average carbon footprint for electricity is calculated at 0.6206 kg/(kW·h). The influence of pumped storage on this national average is found to be less than one-thousandth (＜ 0.1%).

Key words: pumped storage power, life cycle, electricity carbon footprint, carbon emission, uncertainty analysis

XU Sanmin, ZHANG Gong, ZHANG Yiwen, LIU Yanzhen, ZHANG Binliang, TANG Jin. Calculation and Analysis of the Electricity Carbon Footprint of Pumped Storage Power Stations in Power Systems[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(12): 107-118.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202507056

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V58/I12/107

Figures/Tables 11

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材料	消耗量	碳足迹因子^[26-28]	碳排放量/t
水泥	117000 t	0.735 t/t	85995.00
钢筋	22000 t	2.34 t/t	51480.00
钢材	24500 t	2.05 t/t	50225.00
粉煤灰	29300 t	0.008 t/t	234.40
木材	14333.33 m³	0.143 t/m³	2049.67
炸药	5500 t	1.471 t/t	8090.50
柴油	32500 t	0.637 t/t	20702.50

材料	消耗量	碳足迹因子^[26-28]	碳排放量/t
水泥	117000 t	0.735 t/t	85995.00
钢筋	22000 t	2.34 t/t	51480.00
钢材	24500 t	2.05 t/t	50225.00
粉煤灰	29300 t	0.008 t/t	234.40
木材	14333.33 m³	0.143 t/m³	2049.67
炸药	5500 t	1.471 t/t	8090.50
柴油	32500 t	0.637 t/t	20702.50

设备及物料	运输质量/t	场内运输距离/km	场外运输距离/km	场内运输耗油量/t	场外运输耗油量/t	运输耗油量合计/t	柴油碳足迹因子/(t·t^–1)	碳排放量/t
弃渣1号	7963200.0	0.01	0	0.73	0	0.73	3.777	2.77
弃渣2号	2901600.0	0.50		13.38	0	13.38		50.53
弃渣3号	4546800.0	2.30		96.44	0	96.44		364.26
水泥	117000.0	13.51	111	14.58	755.84	770.42		2909.88
钢筋	22000.0		111	2.74	142.12	144.87		547.16
钢材	24500.0		111	3.06	158.27	161.33		609.35
粉煤灰	29300.0		381	3.66	649.70	653.36		2467.74
木材	8600.0		111	1.08	55.56	56.63		213.91
炸药	5500.0		111	0.69	35.53	36.22		136.81
柴油	32500.0		111	4.05	209.96	214.01		808.32
机电设备	8187.0		111	1.02	52.89	53.91		203.62
金属结构设备	2433.9		111	0.31	15.72	16.03		60.55
合计								8374.89

设备及物料	运输质量/t	场内运输距离/km	场外运输距离/km	场内运输耗油量/t	场外运输耗油量/t	运输耗油量合计/t	柴油碳足迹因子/(t·t^–1)	碳排放量/t
弃渣1号	7963200.0	0.01	0	0.73	0	0.73	3.777	2.77
弃渣2号	2901600.0	0.50		13.38	0	13.38		50.53
弃渣3号	4546800.0	2.30		96.44	0	96.44		364.26
水泥	117000.0	13.51	111	14.58	755.84	770.42		2909.88
钢筋	22000.0		111	2.74	142.12	144.87		547.16
钢材	24500.0		111	3.06	158.27	161.33		609.35
粉煤灰	29300.0		381	3.66	649.70	653.36		2467.74
木材	8600.0		111	1.08	55.56	56.63		213.91
炸药	5500.0		111	0.69	35.53	36.22		136.81
柴油	32500.0		111	4.05	209.96	214.01		808.32
机电设备	8187.0		111	1.02	52.89	53.91		203.62
金属结构设备	2433.9		111	0.31	15.72	16.03		60.55
合计								8374.89

能耗来源	消耗量	碳足迹因子^[10,29]	碳排放量/t
柴油	24111.12 t	3.14 t/t	75708.92
电力	115611.50 MW·h	0.6205 t/(MW·h)	71736.94
合计			147445.85