Research on Capacity and Distribution Planning of Electric Hydrogen Production Considering Static Voltage Stability Margin

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202401114

Abstract

Abstract:

With the large-scale grid connection of electric hydrogen production load and the frequent changes of power grid operation mode, the access mode and distribution location of electric hydrogen production equipment cluster have an increasingly significant impact on the stability of power grid. Therefore, this paper proposes a planning method of electric hydrogen production capacity and distribution location considering static voltage stability margin constraints. Firstly, based on the steady-state model of alkaline electrolytic cell, its operating characteristics are analyzed, and the grid-connected mode of transformerless direct-hanging electrolytic cell is constructed. The internal current of hydrogen production system is involved in the Newton-Raphson method iteration of continuous power flow calculation, and the static voltage stability margin of the current system is obtained from the PV curve. Based on the net present value evaluation index, the economic analysis model of the whole life cycle of the hydrogen production system is established. Based on the constraint of static voltage stability margin and the goal of maximizing the net present value of the system, a capacity planning model for the hydrogen production system of the electrolytic cell is proposed. The decision variable is the total capacity of the electrolytic cell. Based on the evaluation index of power transmission distribution factor, the layout planning model of the electrolytic cell at the key nodes of the system is constructed, and the weight of each node is calculated to obtain the capacity configuration result of the electrolytic cell hydrogen production system. Finally, the IEEE 39 node system is used for example analysis. The results show that the proposed method ensures the grid-connected stability of large-scale electric hydrogen production load while taking into account the economy, effectively consumes the redundant configuration of the system and balances the power flow distribution.

Key words: alkaline electrolyzer, life cycle cost, static voltage margin, key nodes of power system, layout planning

HU Changsheng, BAI Zhijun, ZHANG Zhang, LI Jiankang, SHEN Ziyang. Research on Capacity and Distribution Planning of Electric Hydrogen Production Considering Static Voltage Stability Margin[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(5): 91-101.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202401114

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V58/I5/91

Figures/Tables 13

References 27

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节点数		支路数		PQ节点数		PV节点数		基准容量/MW
39		46		29		9		100

节点数		支路数		PQ节点数		PV节点数		基准容量/MW
39		46		29		9		100

PV节点	PQ节点	PV节点	PQ节点
Bus-30	Bus-2	Bus-36	Bus-23
Bus-32	Bus-10	Bus-37	Bus-25
Bus-33	Bus-19	Bus-38	Bus-29
Bus-34	Bus-20	Bus-39	Bus-1
Bus-35	Bus-22

PV节点	PQ节点	PV节点	PQ节点
Bus-30	Bus-2	Bus-36	Bus-23
Bus-32	Bus-10	Bus-37	Bus-25
Bus-33	Bus-19	Bus-38	Bus-29
Bus-34	Bus-20	Bus-39	Bus-1
Bus-35	Bus-22

项目	上限	备注
电解槽制氢投资成本/(元·kW^–1）	3 500
氢气售价/(元·kg^–1)	20
制氢电价/(元·(kW$ \cdot $h)^–1)	0.42	当地发电价格
制氢水价/(元·t^–1)	3.05	当地工业水价
制氢初始效率/((kW$ \cdot $h)$ \cdot $m^–3)	4.5
电解槽制氢系统效率衰减/%	10	假设平均衰减0.5%/年
政府补贴/(元·(kW$ \cdot $h)^–1)	0.25
电解槽制氢系统寿命/年	10
电解槽年等效利用小时数/h	2 000
电压效率和氢气产生效率之间的转换率/%	5
氢气向水的转化率/%	70
$ {k_a} $/%	5