Distributed Collaborative Control Strategy for Intra-regional AGC Units in Interconnected Power System with Renewable Energy

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202405101

Abstract

Abstract:

In the regional power grid where a large number of renewable energy stations are equipped with automatic generation control (AGC) functionality, the response characteristics of different frequency regulation units vary significantly, which may aggravate the computation load of the centralized controller and affect the frequency control performance of the regional power system. In response to the above challenges, a collaborative control strategy for intra-regional AGC units in interconnected power system based on unit dynamic model and distributed consistency is proposed, while power interchange is dispatched across different regional power systems according to tie-line power flow and the bias of frequency. Firstly, the frequency response models for different types of frequency regulation units are established. Then, considering the frequency regulation economy, a power dynamic allocation optimization model is constructed, with the objective of minimizing the quadratic cost function of active power variation constrained by active power output and power balance. It is also proved that the objective of economic optimization for frequency regulation can be fulfilled by setting reasonable coefficients, without directly solving the optimization problem. Hence, an AGC frequency control strategy based on distributed consistency algorithm is proposed to determine the settings of intra-regional AGC commands. Finally, taking a three-area interconnected power system as an example, the results show that the proposed strategy can effectively improve frequency regulation performance and reduce the frequency regulation cost.

Key words: regional interconnected power system, renewable energy, automatic generation control, distributed collaborative control, frequency regulation economy

Lei ZHANG, Xiaowei MA, Manliang WANG, Li CHEN, Bingtuan GAO. Distributed Collaborative Control Strategy for Intra-regional AGC Units in Interconnected Power System with Renewable Energy[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(3): 8-19.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202405101

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V58/I3/8

Figures/Tables 17

Fig.1 Block diagram of AGC model for the ith control area

Fig.2 Frequency regulation model of the thermal power unit

Fig.3 Equivalent form of frequency regulation model of the thermal power unit

Fig.4 Frequency regulation model of the new energy unit

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of multi-unit communication network and adjacency matrix

Fig.6 The proposed AGC control strategy

Fig.7 Flowchart of the proposed control strategy

Fig.8 One-line diagram of simulated power grid

Table 1 Simulation parameters

区域	机组	容量/MW	调差系数/ (MW·Hz^–1)	T_R/s	F_H
1	G1	1250	20	12.0	0.35
	G2	347	20	6.5	0.15
	G3	812	20	10.0	0.32
	风电场1	750	25
2	G4	790	20	9.0	0.30
	G5	635	20	8.0	0.26
	G6	812	20	10.0	0.30
	G7	700	20	8.5	0.28
	风电场2	750	25
3	G8	675	20	8.0	0.25
	G9	1037	20	12.0	0.35
	G10	312	20	6.0	0.20
	光伏电站1	830	30
	光伏电站2	830	30

Fig.9 System frequency when the load increases by 0.2 p.u. in area 2

Fig.10 Tie-line power flow changes when the load increases by 0.2 p.u. in area 2

Fig.11 Results of the AGC command for each unit in area 2

Fig.12 System frequency when the load increases by 0.4 p.u. in area 2

Fig.13 Tie-line power flow when the load increases by 0.4 p.u. in area 2

Fig.14 Results of the AGC command for each unit in different area

Table 2 Comparison of frequency modulation cost for different AGC methods 单位：元

AGC方法	负荷突增0.2 p.u.	负荷突增0.4 p.u.
所提策略	1900	3330
集中式PI控制	2456	4211

Fig.15 System frequency under different penetration rates of new energy

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