基于多面体不确定集合的电力系统灵活性量化评估方法

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202404123

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着风电、光伏等新能源接入比例的不断提高，源荷不确定性增强扩大了电力系统的运行灵活性需求。为准确量化电力系统的灵活性需求，制定兼顾灵活性与经济性的优化方案，提出了一种基于多面体不确定集合的电力系统灵活性量化评估方法。首先，采用多面体不确定集合量化多个光伏电站出力的波动性、不确定性及相关性特征，进而分析净负荷波动区间，构建电力系统灵活性需求量化模型。其次，基于仿射策略建立考虑灵活性需求的仿射可调鲁棒优化模型，并将所建立的鲁棒优化模型转化为混合整数线性规划模型进行求解。最后，基于6节点系统与IEEE 57系统，在不同不确定性场景下对比所提模型的优化结果，验证了该方法在系统的灵活性需求量化评估的有效性。

关键词: 新能源, 不确定性, 运行灵活性, 多面体不确定集合, 仿射可调鲁棒优化

Abstract:

With the continuous increase in the proportion of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar PV integrated into the power system, the rise in source-load uncertainty has exacerbated the demand for operational flexibility within the grid. To accurately quantify this flexibility demand and devise an optimization scheme that balances both flexibility and economy, a quantification and assessment methodology for power system flexibility is proposed, based on polyhedral uncertainty sets. Firstly, the volatility, uncertainty, and correlation characteristics of multiple photovoltaic power stations' outputs are quantified using polyhedral uncertainty sets. Subsequently, the net load fluctuation interval is analyzed, and a quantification model for power system flexibility demand is constructed. Secondly, an affine adjustable robust optimization model that incorporates flexibility demands is established based on affine strategies. This robust optimization model is then transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model for solution. Finally, the optimization results of the proposed model are compared under different uncertainty scenarios using a 6-node system and the IEEE 57-bus system, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in quantifying and assessing system flexibility demands.

Key words: new energy, uncertainty, operational flexibility, polyhedral uncertainty sets, affine adjustable robust optimization

孙东磊, 王宪, 孙毅, 孟祥飞, 张涌琛, 张玉敏. 基于多面体不确定集合的电力系统灵活性量化评估方法[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(9): 146-155.

Donglei SUN, Xian WANG, Yi SUN, Xiangfei MENG, Yongchen ZHANG, Yumin ZHANG. Polyhedral Uncertainty Set Based Power System Flexibility Quantitative Assessment[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(9): 146-155.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202404123

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I9/146

图/表 11

图 1 不同不确定度下多面体集合

Fig.1 Polyhedron sets with different uncertainties

图 2 6节点系统拓扑

Fig.2 The topology diagram of the 6-node system

表 1 6节点系统线路参数

Table 1 The line parameters of the 6-node system

线路编号	首节点	末节点	电抗/p.u.
line1	1	2	0.170
line2	2	3	0.037
line3	1	4	0.258
line4	2	4	0.197
line5	4	5	0.037
line6	5	6	0.140
line7	3	6	0.018

表 2 火电机组参数

Table 2 The parameters of thermal power units

编号	最大/ 小出力/ MW	上/下爬坡速率/ (MW·h^–1)	最小启/ 停时间/ h	开机爬坡速率/ (MW·h^–1)	关机爬坡速率/ (MW·h^–1)	$ {u_0} $	${U^0}$/ h	${S^0}$/ h
1	400/60	50/50	2/2	70	70	1	1	1
2	300/60	50/50	2/2	70	70	0	2	1
3	100/20	20/20	2/2	60	60	0	2	1

图 3 光伏电站功率曲线

Fig.3 The power curve of the photovoltaic (PV) power station

图 4 6节点系统不同不确定度下灵活性需求对比

Fig.4 Comparison of flexibility requirements under different uncertainties in the 6-node system

表 3 不同不确定度下光伏消纳量对比

Table 3 Comparison of photovoltaic integration levels under different uncertainties

不确定度	机组在线容量/MW	机组在线时间/h	光伏消纳量/MW	机组运行成本/元
0.1	14700	56	1527.552	106924.7222
0.3	14700	56	1587.456	106954.4822
0.5	14700	56	1647.360	106984.2422
0.7	14700	56	1707.264	107014.0022
0.9	15300	59	1767.168	107940.7390

图 5 6节点系统不同不确定度下系统灵活性容量对比

Fig.5 Comparison of system flexibility capacity under different uncertainties in the 6-node system

图 6 IEEE 57节点系统不同不确定度下灵活性需求对比

Fig.6 Comparison of flexibility requirements under different uncertainties in the IEEE 57 node system

表 4 不同不确定度下光伏消纳量对比

Table 4 Comparison of photovoltaic integration levels under different uncertainties

不确定度	机组在线容量/MW	机组在线时间/h	光伏消纳量/MW	机组运行成本/元
0.1	26660	109	6538.272	249783.4798
0.3	26660	109	6635.616	249786.9118
0.5	26660	109	6732.960	249790.3438
0.7	26660	109	6830.304	249797.1249
0.9	26660	109	6927.648	249804.5923

图 7 IEEE 57节点系统不同不确定度下系统灵活性容量对比

Fig.7 Comparison of system flexibility capacity under different uncertainties in the IEEE 57 node system

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