计及热网不同运行状态下灵活性供给能力的综合能源系统优化调度

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202407088

中国电力 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (2): 88-102.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202407088

• 面向智慧低碳发展的城镇分布式灵活资源建模与运行决策研究 • 上一篇下一篇

计及热网不同运行状态下灵活性供给能力的综合能源系统优化调度

张玉敏¹(), 尹延宾¹(), 吉兴全¹(), 叶平峰², 孙东磊³, 宋爱全⁴

1. 山东科技大学电气与自动化工程学院，山东青岛　266590
2. 山东科技大学储能技术学院，山东青岛　266590
3. 国网山东省电力公司经济技术研究院，山东济南　250021
4. 山东劳动职业技术学院，山东济南　250300

收稿日期:2024-07-22 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2025-02-25
作者简介:张玉敏（1986—），女，博士，副教授，从事电力系统运行与控制研究，E-mail：yuminzhang2019@sdust.edu.cn
尹延宾（1998—），男，硕士研究生，从事综合能源系统优化调度研究，E-mail：17660312312@163.com
吉兴全（1970—），男，通信作者，教授，从事配电网优化研究，E-mail：xqji@sdust.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年资助项目（52107111）；中国博士后面上资助项目（2023M734092）；山东省自然科学基金资助项目（ZR2022ME219）。

Optimal Dispatch of Integrated Electric-Heat Energy System Considering Supply Flexibility of Heat Networks Under Different Operation States

Yumin ZHANG¹(), Yanbin Yin¹(), Xingquan JI¹(), Pingfeng YE², Donglei SUN³, Aiquan SONG⁴

1. College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
2. College of Energy Storage Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
3. Economic & Technology Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company, Jinan 250021, China
4. Shandong Labor Vocational and Technical College, Jinan 250300, China

Received:2024-07-22 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2025-02-25
Supported by:
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52107111), China Post-Doctoral Program (No.2023M734092) and Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No.ZR2022ME219).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

可再生能源渗透率的不断提高使得系统净负荷的波动问题日渐突出，对系统运行提出了更高的灵活性要求。为此，提出了一种计及热网不同运行状态下灵活性供给能力的综合能源系统优化调度策略。首先，针对风电和负荷的不确定性，基于区间优化思想确定系统次小时运行灵活性需求；其次，通过剖析热负荷和电净负荷的4种变化关系对系统运行灵活性的影响，并计及热网动态特性下的热电联产机组上/下行灵活性供给机理，推导不同运行状态下的热网灵活性供给模型；然后，明晰储能装置充电、放电、非充非放等运行状态以及能量限额特性，推导储能提供次小时运行灵活性的数学模型，确立综合能源系统小时尺度优化调度决策和次小时运行灵活性约束间的协调关系，从而构建计及源-网-储多环节运行灵活性的IES优化调度模型；最后，以综合能源E6-H8和E57-H16系统为例进行测试，验证了该模型可以通过优化储能及热网灵活性资源，有效提高系统运行的灵活性。

关键词: 综合能源系统, 源-网-储, 运行灵活性, 优化调度, 多时间尺度

Abstract:

The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources has made the fluctuation of system net load increasingly prominent, posing higher flexibility requirements on system operation. To address this, an optimized dispatch strategy for integrated energy systems (IES) is proposed, taking into account the flexibility supply capacity under different operational states of the heating network. Firstly, based on interval optimization, the sub-hourly operational flexibility demand of the system is determined in response to the uncertainty of wind power and load. Secondly, by analyzing the impact of four types of changes in heat load and electrical net load on system operational flexibility and considering the upward/downward flexibility supply mechanism of combined heat and power units under dynamic heating network characteristics, a flexibility supply model for the heating network under different operational states is derived. Then, by clarifying the charging, discharging, and non-operating states of energy storage devices as well as their energy limit characteristics, a mathematical model for providing sub-hourly operational flexibility through energy storage is derived. A coordinated relationship between hourly-scale optimized dispatch decisions for the IES and sub-hourly operational flexibility constraints is established, thereby constructing an IES optimized dispatch model that takes into account the operational flexibility of multiple links including sources, networks, and storage. Finally, the proposed model is tested using the integrated energy E6-H8 and E57-H16 systems as examples, verifying that it can effectively improve system operational flexibility by optimizing energy storage and heating network flexibility resources.

Key words: integrated energy systems, source-net-storage, operation flexibility, optimal dispatching, multiple time scale

张玉敏, 尹延宾, 吉兴全, 叶平峰, 孙东磊, 宋爱全. 计及热网不同运行状态下灵活性供给能力的综合能源系统优化调度[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(2): 88-102.

Yumin ZHANG, Yanbin Yin, Xingquan JI, Pingfeng YE, Donglei SUN, Aiquan SONG. Optimal Dispatch of Integrated Electric-Heat Energy System Considering Supply Flexibility of Heat Networks Under Different Operation States[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(2): 88-102.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202407088

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I2/88

图/表 17

图 1 系统运行灵活性需求

Fig.1 System operation flexibility requirements

图 2 “以热定电”模式下的电网灵活性供需情况

Fig.2 Flexibility of supply and shortages under the “heat for electricity” model for thermal systems

图 3 热力系统网络拓扑

Fig.3 Heat system network topology

图 4 恒定流量下管道流量示意

Fig.4 Schematic of pipe flow at constant flow

图 5 IES E6-H8网络拓扑结构

Fig.5 IES E6-H8 Network System Structure

图 6 风电、电负荷、热负荷和净负荷功率曲线

Fig.6 Wind, electric, thermal and net load power curves

表 1 不同方案考虑的设备及调度策略

Table 1 Equipment and scheduling strategies considered for different cases

方案	储能装置	考虑热网造成的系统灵活性短缺和灵活性供给	考虑热网动态特性	考虑运行灵活性约束
1				√
2		√		√
3	√			√
4			√
5		√	√	√
6	√	√	√	√

图 7 不同方案下火电机组需满足的上行/下行灵活性需求

Fig.7 Upward /Downward flexibility capacity to be met by thermal units under different cases

图 8 方案2和方案5 CHP、热负荷功率和热网温度

Fig.8 CHP heat power, heat load power and heat network temperature for Case 2 and Case 5

图 9 方案2和方案5火电机组启停状态

Fig.9 Unit commitment of thermal units for Case2 and Case5

图 10 运行灵活性约束对热网动态特性运行状态影响

Fig.10 Impact of operational flexibility constraints on the dynamic characterization of thermal network operating states

表 2 不同热网灵活性模型运行成本和灵活性裕度

Table 2 Operating costs and flexibility margins for different heat network flexibility models

方案	系统运行成本/万元	上行灵活性裕度/MW	下行灵活性裕度/MW
文献 [15]	—	—	—
文献 [16]	161.119	336.078	296.670
5	152.467	598.098	520.684

表 3 不同场景优化结果对比

Table 3 Comparison of optimization results for different cases

σ/MW	系统总运行成本/万元
σ/MW	方案2	方案3	方案5	方案6
0	156.485	151.515	151.685	150.017
20	—	154.630	151.795	150.017
40	—	—	—	150.143

表 4 不同方案启停、弃风和失负荷成本

Table 4 Start-up, shutdown, wind abandonment and lost load costs for different cases

方案	启停成本/元	弃风成本/元	失负荷成本/元
2	2195.20	45792.222	0
3	1598.80	11501.063	0
5	1598.80	12734.568	0
6	1598.80	887.390	0

图 11 系统上行/下行灵活性供给

Fig.11 Upside /Downside Flexibility Supply

表 5 不同场景优化结果对比

Table 5 Comparison of optimization results in different cases

σ/MW	系统总运行成本/万元
σ/MW	方案2	方案3	方案5	方案6
0	340.816	336.273	333.235	331.471
50	—	338.695	334.747	331.471
100	—	—	—	332.584

表 6 IES E57-H16不同方案下的启停成本、弃风成本和失负荷成本

Table 6 Start-up, shutdown, wind abandonment and lost load costs for different cases

方案	启停成本/元	弃风成本/元	失负荷成本/元
2	9070.60	46040.379	0
3	7871.50	31776.185	0
5	7871.50	18602.997	0
6	7871.50	12845.189	0

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计及热网不同运行状态下灵活性供给能力的综合能源系统优化调度

Optimal Dispatch of Integrated Electric-Heat Energy System Considering Supply Flexibility of Heat Networks Under Different Operation States

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