Abstract: To leverage the synergistic effects of diverse user-side resources, enhance the revenue of Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) participating in the joint electricity-carbon market, and mitigate risks arising from the uncertainty of renewable energy sources (such as wind and solar) and electricity prices, an optimized low-carbon dispatching method for VPPs considering the coordination of diverse user-side resources in a market environment is proposed. Firstly, based on the synergistic effects of various user-side resources, a strategy for VPPs to participate in the joint electricity-carbon market operation is formulated. Secondly, a tiered carbon trading model with incentives and penalties for VPPs is established, where different transaction interval prices are set according to carbon trading volumes, thereby achieving carbon-electricity coupling. Finally, an optimized low-carbon dispatching model for VPPs participating in the joint electricity-carbon market is constructed. In this model, Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) is introduced to measure the relationship between market returns and risks, and the model is transformed into a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem for solution. Through case studies, it is demonstrated that this method can effectively harness the synergistic effects of user-side resources, address the uncertainty risks associated with renewable energy sources and electricity prices, and achieve both economic efficiency and low-carbon performance for VPPs participating in market operations.