基于混合Wasserstein两阶段分布鲁棒的多区域含氢综合能源系统合作运行优化

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202410026

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

耦合氢能源的综合能源系统（integrated energy system，IES）单独运行受源荷不确定性影响大，传统鲁棒优化过于保守导致经济性差。为了提升多区域电能交互下各局部IES的鲁棒性与经济性，提出基于混合Wasserstein两阶段分布鲁棒的多区域含氢IES合作运行优化策略。首先，基于Wasserstein距离的概率分布模糊集建立min-max-min三层两阶段分布鲁棒优化模型；其次，通过改进纳什谈判原理构造合作成本最小问题和交易电价最优问题激励各主体积极参与合作；最后，提出交替方向乘子法（alternating direction multiplier method，ADMM）嵌套分布式列与约束生成（column and constraint generation，C&CG）算法的方式，在保护隐私下求解问题。算例表明，所提策略具有良好的鲁棒性，同时改善了传统鲁棒优化的保守性，通过合作运行提升了经济性。

关键词: Wasserstein距离, 两阶段分布鲁棒, 含氢综合能源系统, 合作运行, 改进纳什谈判, ADMM嵌套分布式C&CG

Abstract:

An integrated energy system (IES) coupled with hydrogen energy is significantly influenced by source-load uncertainties when operating alone. Traditional robust optimization techniques are overly conservative, which impedes the economic performance. In order to enhance the robustness and economy of each local IES under multi-region power interactions, this paper puts forward a cooperative operation optimization strategy for multi-region hydrogen-integrated IES based on hybrid Wasserstein two-stage distributionally robust. Firstly, a min-max-min three-layer two-stage distributionally robust optimization model was established based on the fuzzy set of the probability distribution of Wasserstein distance. Secondly, the collaborative cost minimization and optimal pricing problems are formulated by applying enhanced Nash bargaining principles to incentivize active participation from all entities. Finally, we proposed an ADMM-nested distributed C&CG algorithm to solve the problems while preserving privacy. Case study shows that the proposed strategy exhibits good robust performance while enhancing the conservatism of traditional robust optimization techniques, and improves economic efficiency through cooperative operation.

Key words: Wasserstein distance, two-stage distributionally robust, hydrogen-integrated integrated energy system, cooperative operation, enhanced Nash bargaining, ADMM-nested distributed C&CG

丁小强, 袁至, 李骥. 基于混合Wasserstein两阶段分布鲁棒的多区域含氢综合能源系统合作运行优化[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(7): 1-14.

DING Xiaoqiang, YUAN Zhi, LI Ji. Cooperative Operation Optimization for Multi-region Hydrogen-Integrated Integrated Energy System Based on Hybrid Wasserstein Two-Stage Distributionally Robust[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(7): 1-14.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202410026

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I7/1

图/表 17

图 1 多区域IES能源交互整体架构

Fig.1 Overall architecture of multi-region IES energy interaction

图 2 各区域IES结构

Fig.2 IES structure of each region

图 3 C&CG算法流程

Fig.3 C&CG algorithm flowchart

图 4 ADMM嵌套分布式C&CG算法流程

Fig.4 ADMM-nested parallelizable C&CG algorithm iteration flowchart

图 5 源荷历史数据

Fig.5 Historical data of source-load

表 1 外部电网电价

Table 1 Time of use electricity prices for external power grids 单位：元/(kW·h)

时段	购电电价	售电电价
23:00—次日07:00	0.40	0.20
07:00—11:00	0.75	0.40
11:00—14:00	1.20	0.60
14:00—18:00	0.75	0.40
18:00—23:00	1.20	0.60

图 6 C&CG算法、ADMM算法迭代图

Fig.6 Iterative diagram of C&CG algorithm and ADMM algorithm

图 7 ADMM嵌套C&CG算法迭代图

Fig.7 Iterative diagram of ADMM-nested C&CG algorithm

图 8 各区域IES间电能交互量

Fig.8 Energy exchange between IES in each region

图 9 各区域IES间交易电价

Fig.9 Transaction electricity prices between IES in various regions

图 10 光伏区域1电能调度计划

Fig.10 Power energy dispatch plan for PV Zone 1

图 11 光伏区域1热能调度计划

Fig.11 Thermal energy dispatch plan for PV Zone 1

图 12 光伏区域1氢能调度计划

Fig.12 Hydrogen energy dispatch plan for PV Zone 1

图 13 Wasserstein球半径变化与成本增长关系

Fig.13 Relationship between Wasserstein sphere radius variation and cost growth

图 14 源荷不确定度影响

Fig.14 The influence of source-load uncertainties

表 2 策略设置表

Table 2 Strategy settings

策略	合作运行	处理源荷不确定性
1	否	否
2	是	否
3	否	传统鲁棒优化
4	否	分布鲁棒优化
5	是	分布鲁棒优化

表 3 不同策略下各区域成本对比

Table 3 Cost comparison of various regions under different strategies 单位：元

策略	区域	能量交互成本	运行成本	区域总成本	策略总成本
1	1	0	33605.2	33605.2	101177.9
	2	0	33407.8	33407.8
	3	0	34164.9	34164.9
2	1	2063.0	31225.8	33288.8	99257.7
	2	–2418.0	34480.8	32062.8
	3	355.0	33551.1	33906.1
3	1	0	39452.8	39452.8
	2	0	38212.4	38212.4	116334.5
	3	0	38669.3	38669.3
4	1	0	38746.7	38746.7	114879.6
	2	0	37550.7	37550.7
	3	0	38582.2	38582.2
5	1	1512.5	36116.2	37628.7	111639.1
	2	–1620.7	37668.5	36047.8
	3	108.2	37854.4	37958.6

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