中国电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (7): 98-108.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202312058
徐峰亮1(), 王克谦1(
), 王文豪2, 王鹏1, 王焕昌3, 张帅3, 赵凤展3(
)
收稿日期:
2023-12-15
接受日期:
2024-06-22
出版日期:
2024-07-28
发布日期:
2024-07-23
作者简介:
徐峰亮(1977—),男,高级工程师,从事配电网规划、分布式能源接入等研究,E-mail:xuefengliang@ha.sgss.com.cn基金资助:
Fengliang XU1(), Keqian WANG1(
), Wenhao WANG2, Peng WANG1, Huanchang WANG3, Shuai Zhang3, Fengzhan ZHAO3(
)
Received:
2023-12-15
Accepted:
2024-06-22
Online:
2024-07-28
Published:
2024-07-23
Supported by:
摘要:
为适应新型配电系统中分布式电源(DG)与负荷的双重波动性,需要对源、网、储进行协同配置以满足系统运行灵活性需求。为表征配电系统运行灵活性水平,从灵活性供需平衡、净负荷曲线平滑度和线路传输均衡性3个方面提出了净负荷适应率指标、净负荷波动率指标和线路负载裕度均衡性指标,并建立了考虑这些指标的配电系统源-网-储3层扩展规划模型。其中,上层和中层以年综合成本最小为目标对配电线路、DG和储能进行优化规划;下层以运行灵活性水平最高为目标进行运行优化。采用复合聚类算法生成配电系统典型规划场景,并以改进后的粒子群算法和非支配遗传算法双层嵌套的形式求解3层扩展规划模型。最后,基于改进的IEEE 33节点系统验证了所提规划模型的有效性和优越性。
徐峰亮, 王克谦, 王文豪, 王鹏, 王焕昌, 张帅, 赵凤展. 计及运行灵活性的中压配电系统源-网-储协同扩展规划[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(7): 98-108.
Fengliang XU, Keqian WANG, Wenhao WANG, Peng WANG, Huanchang WANG, Shuai Zhang, Fengzhan ZHAO. Collaborative Expansion Planning of Source-Grid-Storage in Medium Voltage Distribution System Considering Operational Flexibility[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(7): 98-108.
节点 | P/kW | Q/(kV·A) | 节点 | P/kW | Q/(kV·A) | |||||
34 | 100 | 60 | 39 | 60 | 40 | |||||
35 | 100 | 60 | 40 | 100 | 60 | |||||
36 | 90 | 40 | 41 | 150 | 80 | |||||
37 | 100 | 60 | 42 | 100 | 60 | |||||
38 | 100 | 60 | 43 | 150 | 80 |
表 1 新增负荷参数
Table 1 New load parameter
节点 | P/kW | Q/(kV·A) | 节点 | P/kW | Q/(kV·A) | |||||
34 | 100 | 60 | 39 | 60 | 40 | |||||
35 | 100 | 60 | 40 | 100 | 60 | |||||
36 | 90 | 40 | 41 | 150 | 80 | |||||
37 | 100 | 60 | 42 | 100 | 60 | |||||
38 | 100 | 60 | 43 | 150 | 80 |
线路 编号 | 首节点 序号 | 末节点 序号 | 线路 长度/km | 线路 编号 | 首节点 序号 | 末节点 序号 | 线路 长度/km | |||||||
33 | 25 | 34 | 2.5 | 40 | 40 | 41 | 1.7 | |||||||
34 | 34 | 35 | 1.8 | 41 | 41 | 42 | 3.6 | |||||||
35 | 35 | 36 | 1.9 | 42 | 42 | 43 | 3.1 | |||||||
36 | 36 | 37 | 3.3 | 43 | 10 | 36 | 3.2 | |||||||
37 | 37 | 38 | 1.8 | 44 | 12 | 38 | 3.8 | |||||||
38 | 38 | 39 | 2.6 | 45 | 17 | 43 | 3.7 | |||||||
39 | 39 | 40 | 1.5 | 46 | 23 | 37 | 5.4 |
表 2 配电系统待建线路参数
Table 2 Parameters of distribution system lines to be built
线路 编号 | 首节点 序号 | 末节点 序号 | 线路 长度/km | 线路 编号 | 首节点 序号 | 末节点 序号 | 线路 长度/km | |||||||
33 | 25 | 34 | 2.5 | 40 | 40 | 41 | 1.7 | |||||||
34 | 34 | 35 | 1.8 | 41 | 41 | 42 | 3.6 | |||||||
35 | 35 | 36 | 1.9 | 42 | 42 | 43 | 3.1 | |||||||
36 | 36 | 37 | 3.3 | 43 | 10 | 36 | 3.2 | |||||||
37 | 37 | 38 | 1.8 | 44 | 12 | 38 | 3.8 | |||||||
38 | 38 | 39 | 2.6 | 45 | 17 | 43 | 3.7 | |||||||
39 | 39 | 40 | 1.5 | 46 | 23 | 37 | 5.4 |
单位线路 长度成本/ (万元·km–1) | 新建线路 使用年限/年 | 维护成本系数 | ||||||
新建线路 | DG | |||||||
15 | 20 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |||||
投资成本/(元·kW–1) | 使用年限/年 | |||||||
分布式光伏 | 分布式风机 | 分布式光伏 | 分布式风机 | |||||
4000 | 5000 | 20 | 15 | |||||
ESS成本 | ESS使用 年限/年 | |||||||
容量投资/ (元·(kW·h)–1) | 功率投资/ (元·kW–1) | 运行/ (元·(kW·h)–1) | ||||||
1000 | 500 | 0.08 | 20 | |||||
ESS荷电状态 | ESS充放电 效率/% | |||||||
初始值 | 最大值 | 最小值 | ||||||
0.5 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 95 | |||||
电价/(元·(kW·h)–1) | 单位网 损成本/ (元·(kW·h)–1) | 贴现率 | ||||||
峰时 | 平时 | 谷时 | ||||||
10:00—14:00, 17:00—21:00 | 07:00—10:00, 14:00—17:00, 21:00—23:00 | 23:00至 次日07:00 | ||||||
1.64 | 1 | 0.41 | 0.4 | 0.1 |
表 3 相关参数
Table 3 Related parameters
单位线路 长度成本/ (万元·km–1) | 新建线路 使用年限/年 | 维护成本系数 | ||||||
新建线路 | DG | |||||||
15 | 20 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |||||
投资成本/(元·kW–1) | 使用年限/年 | |||||||
分布式光伏 | 分布式风机 | 分布式光伏 | 分布式风机 | |||||
4000 | 5000 | 20 | 15 | |||||
ESS成本 | ESS使用 年限/年 | |||||||
容量投资/ (元·(kW·h)–1) | 功率投资/ (元·kW–1) | 运行/ (元·(kW·h)–1) | ||||||
1000 | 500 | 0.08 | 20 | |||||
ESS荷电状态 | ESS充放电 效率/% | |||||||
初始值 | 最大值 | 最小值 | ||||||
0.5 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 95 | |||||
电价/(元·(kW·h)–1) | 单位网 损成本/ (元·(kW·h)–1) | 贴现率 | ||||||
峰时 | 平时 | 谷时 | ||||||
10:00—14:00, 17:00—21:00 | 07:00—10:00, 14:00—17:00, 21:00—23:00 | 23:00至 次日07:00 | ||||||
1.64 | 1 | 0.41 | 0.4 | 0.1 |
方案 | 线路建设编号 | DG规划节点号(容量/kW) | ESS规划节点号(功率/kW,容量/(kW·h)) | |||
1) | 33, 34, 43, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 45 | 3(600),17(500), 27(800),41(900) | — | |||
2) | 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 45, 46 | 10(800),16(700), 21(800),32(1000) | — | |||
3) | 33, 35, 43, 37, 44, 38, 39, 40, 42, 45 | 2(700),15(700), 32(900),33(800) | 2(100,700),9(200,800), 19(100,800),24(200,900), 37(300,1200) | |||
4) | 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 45 | 12(900),17(900), 32(700),40(800) | 8(400,800),17(300,900), 32(200,800),34(300,9000),41(400,1200) | |||
5) | 33, 34, 43, 46, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 45 | 8(1000),17(800),18(700),39(1000) | 6(200,800),15(200,800), 19(100,600),34(200,1000),35(400,1200) |
表 4 配电系统扩展规划结果
Table 4 Distribution system expansion planning results
方案 | 线路建设编号 | DG规划节点号(容量/kW) | ESS规划节点号(功率/kW,容量/(kW·h)) | |||
1) | 33, 34, 43, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 45 | 3(600),17(500), 27(800),41(900) | — | |||
2) | 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 45, 46 | 10(800),16(700), 21(800),32(1000) | — | |||
3) | 33, 35, 43, 37, 44, 38, 39, 40, 42, 45 | 2(700),15(700), 32(900),33(800) | 2(100,700),9(200,800), 19(100,800),24(200,900), 37(300,1200) | |||
4) | 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 45 | 12(900),17(900), 32(700),40(800) | 8(400,800),17(300,900), 32(200,800),34(300,9000),41(400,1200) | |||
5) | 33, 34, 43, 46, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 45 | 8(1000),17(800),18(700),39(1000) | 6(200,800),15(200,800), 19(100,600),34(200,1000),35(400,1200) |
方案 | 等年值投资成本 | 年维护成本 | 年网损 成本 | 上级电网 年购电成本 | 总成本 | |||||||||||
线路 | DG | ESS | 新建线路 | 设备 | ||||||||||||
1) | 44.4 | 163.4 | — | 1.3 | 4.9 | 28.7 | 1293.9 | 1536.6 | ||||||||
2) | 46.7 | 188.8 | — | 1.4 | 5.7 | 24.0 | 1233.7 | 1500.3 | ||||||||
3) | 45.4 | 177.5 | 57.0 | 1.4 | 10.8 | 25.9 | 1082.7 | 1400.2 | ||||||||
4) | 43.0 | 183.2 | 63.4 | 1.3 | 10.9 | 24.7 | 1042.1 | 1367.3 | ||||||||
5) | 48.1 | 196.3 | 58.1 | 1.4 | 11.6 | 22.8 | 1012.4 | 1300.5 |
表 5 5种规划方案经济性对比
Table 5 Economic comparison of five planning schemes 单位:万元
方案 | 等年值投资成本 | 年维护成本 | 年网损 成本 | 上级电网 年购电成本 | 总成本 | |||||||||||
线路 | DG | ESS | 新建线路 | 设备 | ||||||||||||
1) | 44.4 | 163.4 | — | 1.3 | 4.9 | 28.7 | 1293.9 | 1536.6 | ||||||||
2) | 46.7 | 188.8 | — | 1.4 | 5.7 | 24.0 | 1233.7 | 1500.3 | ||||||||
3) | 45.4 | 177.5 | 57.0 | 1.4 | 10.8 | 25.9 | 1082.7 | 1400.2 | ||||||||
4) | 43.0 | 183.2 | 63.4 | 1.3 | 10.9 | 24.7 | 1042.1 | 1367.3 | ||||||||
5) | 48.1 | 196.3 | 58.1 | 1.4 | 11.6 | 22.8 | 1012.4 | 1300.5 |
方案 | 净负荷 适应率 | 净负荷 波动率 | 线路负载 裕度均衡性 | DG 渗透率/% | ||||
1) | 1.193 | 0.615 | 0.701 | 45.60 | ||||
2) | 1.840 | 0.595 | 0.752 | 53.80 | ||||
3) | 3.107 | 0.591 | 0.733 | 50.50 | ||||
4) | 3.514 | 0.585 | — | 53.80 | ||||
5) | 3.796 | 0.580 | 0.793 | 57.10 |
表 6 5种规划方案的技术指标对比
Table 6 Comparison of technical indexes of five planning schemes
方案 | 净负荷 适应率 | 净负荷 波动率 | 线路负载 裕度均衡性 | DG 渗透率/% | ||||
1) | 1.193 | 0.615 | 0.701 | 45.60 | ||||
2) | 1.840 | 0.595 | 0.752 | 53.80 | ||||
3) | 3.107 | 0.591 | 0.733 | 50.50 | ||||
4) | 3.514 | 0.585 | — | 53.80 | ||||
5) | 3.796 | 0.580 | 0.793 | 57.10 |
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