虚拟电厂参与能量与辅助服务市场的协同优化策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202307050

中国电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (1): 61-70.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202307050

虚拟电厂参与能量与辅助服务市场的协同优化策略

周挺¹^,²(), 谭玉东¹^,²(), 孙晋³, 文明¹^,², 廖菁¹^,², 李杨¹^,², 刘巩⁴, 刘敦楠⁴^,⁵

1. 国网湖南省电力有限公司经济技术研究院，湖南长沙　410007
2. 能源互联网供需运营湖南省重点实验室，湖南长沙　410007
3. 国网湖南省电力有限公司，湖南长沙　410029
4. 华北电力大学经济与管理学院，北京　102206
5. 中国能源研究会，北京　100045

收稿日期:2023-07-12 接受日期:2023-12-11 出版日期:2024-01-28 发布日期:2024-01-23
作者简介:周挺（1997—），男，硕士，助理工程师，从事电力市场研究，E-mail：zhout9@hn.sgcc.com.cn
谭玉东（1983—），男，通信作者，博士，高级工程师，从事主网规划、电力市场研究，E-mail：tanyudong@126.com
基金资助:
湖南省科技创新平台与人才计划（2019TP1053）；国网湖南省电力有限公司科技项目（电力现货市场环境下需求响应交易机制及关键技术研究，5216A2220007）。

Collaborative Optimization Strategy for Virtual Power Plant Participating in Energy and Ancillary Service Market

Ting ZHOU¹^,²(), Yudong TAN¹^,²(), Jin SUN³, Ming WEN¹^,², Jing LIAO¹^,², Yang LI¹^,², Gong LIU⁴, Dunnan LIU⁴^,⁵

1. Economic and Technical Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co., Ltd., Changsha 410007, China
2. Hunan Key Laboratory of Energy Internet Supply-Demand and Operation, Changsha 410007, China
3. State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co., Ltd., Changsha 410029, China
4. Department of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
5. China Energy Research Society, Beijing 100045, China

Received:2023-07-12 Accepted:2023-12-11 Online:2024-01-28 Published:2024-01-23
Supported by:
This work is supported by Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Platform and Talent Plan(No.2019TP1053)，Science and Technology Project of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co., Ltd. (Research on Demand Response Trading Mechanism and Key Technologies in Electricity Spot Market, No.5216A2220007).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

虚拟电厂作为一种具备储能特性的灵活性资源，虽然其在配合电网削峰填谷、消纳新能源等方面的作用越发重要，但其目前在市场运营上缺乏经济性及高效性，直接导致其参与市场积极性不足。鉴于此，提出一种虚拟电厂参与电能量市场与辅助服务市场协同工作策略。首先，基于现货市场电价与虚拟电厂的聚合情况，确定其参与市场各时段策略；其次，以虚拟电厂收益最大化为目标，采用动态规划方法构建多时间尺度下虚拟电厂参与现货电能量-调频市场协同优化模型；最后，通过仿真分析对比虚拟电厂只参与单独市场与联合优化情况下的收益及利用率，并使用shapely值法对参与虚拟电厂聚合的各类资源进行收益分摊分析，验证所提方案的可行性及有效性。

关键词: 虚拟电厂, 能量市场, 辅助服务市场, 协同优化, 动态规划

Abstract:

As a flexible resource with energy storage characteristics, virtual power plant (VPP) is becoming more and more important in cooperating with the grid for peak load shaving and new energy accommodation. However, its poor economy and efficiency in market operation directly leads to its lack of enthusiasm in participation in the market. In view of this, this paper proposes a collaborative work strategy for VPP participating in electricity energy market and auxiliary services market. Firstly, based on the spot market electricity price and the aggregation of VPP, the strategy for the VPP participating in the market in each time period is determined. Secondly, taking the maximum revenue of VPP as the goal, the dynamic programming method is used to establish a collaborative optimization model of VPP participating in the spot electricity energy - FM market under multi-time scale. Finally, through simulation, we analyzed and compared the revenue and utilization rate of the VPP participating in the separate market and the joint optimization. The shapely value method is used to analyze the revenue sharing of various resources participating in the aggregation of the VPP, so as to validate the feasibility and validity of the scheme proposed in this paper.

Key words: virtual power plant, energy markets, ancillary services market, collaborative optimization, dynamic programming

周挺, 谭玉东, 孙晋, 文明, 廖菁, 李杨, 刘巩, 刘敦楠. 虚拟电厂参与能量与辅助服务市场的协同优化策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 61-70.

Ting ZHOU, Yudong TAN, Jin SUN, Ming WEN, Jing LIAO, Yang LI, Gong LIU, Dunnan LIU. Collaborative Optimization Strategy for Virtual Power Plant Participating in Energy and Ancillary Service Market[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(1): 61-70.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202307050

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I1/61

图/表 10

参考文献 23

1	李淑静, 谭清坤, 张煜, 等. 虚拟电厂关键技术及参与电力市场模式设计研究[J]. 电测与仪表, 2022, 59 (12): 33- 40.
	LI Shujing, TAN Qingkun, ZHANG Yu, et al. Research on key technologies of virtual power plant and its participation in power market model design[J]. Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation, 2022, 59 (12): 33- 40.
2	高洪超, 陈启鑫, 金泰, 等. 考虑虚拟电厂灵活调节特性的现货市场出清模型及灵活性溢价评估方法[J]. 电网技术, 2023, 47 (1): 194- 207.
	GAO Hongchao, CHEN Qixin, JIN Tai, et al. Spot market clearing model and flexible premium evaluation method considering flexible regulation of virtual power plant[J]. Power System Technology, 2023, 47 (1): 194- 207.
3	NAVAL N, YUSTA J M. Virtual power plant models and electricity markets - a review[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2021, 149, 111393. DOI
4	李孟阳, 李国杰, 汪可友, 等. 考虑需求响应及调频性能变化的虚拟电厂日前投标策略[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2023, 51 (3): 13- 25.
	LI Mengyang, LI Guojie, WANG Keyou, et al. Day-ahead bidding strategy for virtual power plant considering demand response and frequency regulation performance variation[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2023, 51 (3): 13- 25.
5	姜欣, 刘萌, 王天梁, 等. 电网侧储能电站参与现货联合市场的竞价策略[J]. 电网技术, 2021, 49 (9): 3398- 3407. DOI
	JIANG Xin, LIU Meng, WANG Tianliang, et al. Bidding strategy for grid-side energy storage power stations to participate in the spot joint market[J]. Power System Technology, 2021, 49 (9): 3398- 3407. DOI
6	刘萌. 基于博弈论的电网侧储能参与现货联合市场竞价策略研究 [D]. 郑州: 郑州大学, 2021.
	LIU Meng. Research on bidding strategy of grid-side energy storage participating in spot joint market based on game theory[D]. Zhengzhou: Zhengzhou University, 2021.
7	吴静. 分布式资源聚合虚拟电厂多维交易优化模型研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2021.
	WU Jing. Research on multi-dimensional transaction optimization model of virtual power plant aggregated by distributed resources [D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2021 .
8	徐慧慧, 田云飞, 缪猛, 等. 计及碳交易和需求响应的虚拟电厂低碳经济调度[J]. 智慧电力, 2023, 51 (8): 1- 7.
	XU Huihui, TIAN Yunfei, MIAO Meng, et al. Low carbon economy dispatch of virtual power plants considering carbon trading and demand response[J]. Smart Power, 2023, 51 (8): 1- 7.
9	李嘉媚, 艾芊, 殷爽睿. 虚拟电厂参与调峰调频服务的市场机制与国外经验借鉴[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42 (1): 37- 56.
	LI Jiamei, AI Qian, YIN Shuangrui. Market mechanism and foreign experience of virtual power plant participating in peak-regulation and frequency-regulation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42 (1): 37- 56.
10	苏伟芳. 基于虚拟电厂的电力市场辅助服务研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2021 .
	SU Weifang. Research on power market auxiliary services based on virtual power plant [D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2021.
11	杨梓俊, 荆江平, 邓星, 等. 虚拟电厂参与江苏电网辅助服务市场的探讨[J]. 电力需求侧管理, 2021, 23 (4): 90- 95.
	YANG Zijun, JING Jiangping, DENG Xing, et al. Discussion on virtual power plant participating in ancillary service market of Jiangsu power grid[J]. Power Demand Side Management, 2021, 23 (4): 90- 95.
12	陈文文. 湖南电力调峰辅助服务市场建设研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南大学, 2021.
	CHEN Wenwen. The research on the construction of hunan electric power peak regulation auxiliary service market [D]. Changsha: Hunan University, 2021.
13	余思雨. 虚拟电厂多时间尺度内部优化调度与利益均衡[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2021.
	YU Siyu. Multi-time scale internal optimal dispatch and benefit balance of virtual power plant[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2021.
14	关舒丰, 王旭, 蒋传文, 等. 基于可控负荷响应性能差异的虚拟电厂分类聚合方法及辅助服务市场投标策略研究[J]. 电网技术, 2022, 46 (3): 933- 944.
	GUAN Shufeng, WANG Xu, JIANG Chuanwen, et al. Classification and aggregation of controllable loads based on different responses and optimal bidding strategy of VPP in ancillary market[J]. Power System Technology, 2022, 46 (3): 933- 944.
15	王亚莉, 叶泽, 黄际元, 等. 基于动态峰谷时段划分的储能调峰调频经济调度研究[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55 (8): 64- 72.
	WANG Yali, YE Ze, HUANG Jiyuan, et al. Research on economic scheduling of ES peak and frequency regulation based on dynamic peak-valley time division[J]. Electric Power, 2022, 55 (8): 64- 72.
16	周文奇. 电力市场背景下虚拟电厂运行策略及收益分配研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2022.
	ZHOU Wenqi. Research on operation strategy and revenue distribution of virtual power plant in electricity market[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2022.
17	何洋, 路尧, 李志恒, 等. 新兴市场主体参与电力现货市场的商业模式[J]. 现代电力, 2023, 40 (5): 760- 769.
	HE Yang, LU Yao, LI Zhiheng, et al. The business models of emerging market subjects participating in the electricity spot market[J]. Modern Electric Power, 2023, 40 (5): 760- 769.
18	湛归, 殷爽睿, 艾芊, 等. 智能楼宇型虚拟电厂参与电力系统调频辅助服务策略[J]. 电力工程技术, 2022, 41 (6): 13- 20, 57.
	ZHAN Gui, YIN Shuangrui, AI Qian, et al. A strategy for smart building-based virtual power plants participating in frequency regulation auxiliary service[J]. Electric Power Engineering Technology, 2022, 41 (6): 13- 20, 57.
19	李凌昊, 邱晓燕, 张浩禹, 等. 电力市场下的虚拟电厂风险厌恶模型与利益分配方法[J]. 电力建设, 2021, 42 (1): 67- 75.
	LI Linghao, QIU Xiaoyan, ZHANG Haoyu, et al. Risk aversion model and profit distribution method of virtual power plant in power market[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2021, 42 (1): 67- 75.
20	周国鹏, 赵春阳, 康俊杰, 等. 面向源网荷储一体化的能源服务典型发展模式[J]. 广东电力, 2022, 35 (7): 23- 31. DOI
	ZHOU Guopeng, ZHAO Chunyang, KANG Junjie, et al. Typical energy service development patterns oriented to source-network-load-storage integration[J]. Guangdong Electric Power, 2022, 35 (7): 23- 31. DOI
21	徐宁, 周波, 凌云鹏, 等. 现货市场下独立储能参与能量与辅助服务协同优化策略[J/OL]. 现代电力: 1–8[2023-11-10]. https://doi.org/10.19725/j.cnki.1007-2322.2023.0193.
	XU Ning, ZHOU Bo, LING Yunpeng, et al. Collaborative optimization strategy of energy and auxiliary services with independent energy storage participating under the spot market[J/OL]. Modern Electric Power: 1–8[2023-11-10].https://doi.org/10.19725/j.cnki.1007-2322.2023.0193.
22	吴明兴, 王宁, 王浩浩, 等. 双轨制下电力现货市场政府授权合约分解优化模型与方法[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56 (9): 15- 26.
	WU Mingxing, WANG Ning, WANG Haohao, et al. A decomposition and optimization method for government-authorized contracts in a dual-track spot electricity market based on game equilibrium[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56 (9): 15- 26.
23	张粒子. 关于新形势下电力市场体系建设的思考[J]. 中国电力企业管理, 2022, (4): 20- 25.

参数名称	数值	参数名称	数值
虚拟电厂总容量/MW	15.50	电动汽车电池容量/(MW•h)	1.5
风电机组容量/MW	3.00	电动汽车充电效率/%	0.5
储能电池容量/(MW•h)	10.50	电动汽车放电效率/%	0.5
虚拟电厂平均调节功率/ MW	7.50	空调总容量/MW	0.5
储能充电效率/%	0.95	投标功率/MW	1.5
储能放电效率/%	0.80	调频定价/(元·MW^–1)	15.0
储能电池额定功率/MW	5.50	可调节负荷容量/MW	2.0

参数名称	数值	参数名称	数值
虚拟电厂总容量/MW	15.50	电动汽车电池容量/(MW•h)	1.5
风电机组容量/MW	3.00	电动汽车充电效率/%	0.5
储能电池容量/(MW•h)	10.50	电动汽车放电效率/%	0.5
虚拟电厂平均调节功率/ MW	7.50	空调总容量/MW	0.5
储能充电效率/%	0.95	投标功率/MW	1.5
储能放电效率/%	0.80	调频定价/(元·MW^–1)	15.0
储能电池额定功率/MW	5.50	可调节负荷容量/MW	2.0

时段		参与市场
00:00—07:00		能量市场（充电）
07:00—10:00		能量-辅助服务市场联合优化
10:00—14:00		能量市场（放电）
14:00—24:00		能量-辅助服务市场联合优化

时段		参与市场
00:00—07:00		能量市场（充电）
07:00—10:00		能量-辅助服务市场联合优化
10:00—14:00		能量市场（放电）
14:00—24:00		能量-辅助服务市场联合优化

模式	出力次数	总时段 /s	利用率/%
只参与能量市场	40332	86400	46.68
只参与调频辅助服务市场	45856	86400	53.07
能量-调频市场联合优化	65673	86400	76.01

虚拟电厂参与能量与辅助服务市场的协同优化策略

Collaborative Optimization Strategy for Virtual Power Plant Participating in Energy and Ancillary Service Market

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 23

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

虚拟电厂内部成员		能量-调频市场联合优化/元
风电机组		256.38
可调节负荷		171.58
储能		3682.54

[1]	李明冰, 李强, 管西洋, 周皓阳, 卢瑞, 冯延坤. 市场环境下考虑多元用户侧资源协同的虚拟电厂低碳优化调度[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(2): 66-76.
[2]	贾东梨, 杨晓雨, 刘科研, 叶学顺, 李昭. 考虑净负荷不确定性的配电网协同调度[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(9): 169-180.
[3]	高明非, 韩中合, 赵斌, 李鹏, 吴迪. 区域综合能源系统多类型储能协同优化与运行策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(9): 205-216.
[4]	杨珂, 王栋, 李达, 张王俊, 向尕, 李军. 虚拟电厂网络安全风险评估指标体系构建及量化计算[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(8): 130-137.
[5]	武群丽, 朱新宇. 可再生能源配额制下风光储联合参与现货市场的交易决策[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(4): 77-88.
[6]	杨帆, 卫水平, 任意, 陈秭龙, 乐健. 变权-混合决策评估的复合功能并网逆变器多目标协同优化控制方法[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(3): 113-125.
[7]	仪忠凯, 侯朗博, 徐英, 吴永峰, 李志民, 吴俊飞, 冯腾, 韩柳. 市场环境下灵活性资源虚拟电厂聚合调控关键技术综述[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(12): 82-96.
[8]	宋天琦, 吕志鹏, 宋振浩, 马韵婷, 张智慧, 周珊, 李昊. 虚拟电厂规模化灵活资源聚合调控框架研究与思考[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 2-8.
[9]	周颖, 白雪峰, 王阳, 邱敏, 孙冲, 武亚杰, 李彬. 面向虚拟电厂运营的温度敏感负荷分析与演变趋势研判[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 9-17.
[10]	朱睿, 欧乙丁, 李筱天, 雷星雨, 周宇晴, 张珀扬, 欧睿. 基于外特性等值的虚拟电厂灵活性资源价值评估[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 30-39.
[11]	谢蒙飞, 马高权, 刘斌, 潘振宁, 商云峰. 基于信息差距决策理论的虚拟电厂报价策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 40-50.
[12]	冯云辰, 加鹤萍, 闫敏, 李根柱, 刘乐, 刘敦楠. 基于风电分时电价的虚拟电厂参与清洁供暖运营优化方法[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 51-60.
[13]	张书涵, 艾芊, 李晓露, 王帝. 适用于多虚拟电厂交易的改进拜占庭容错算法共识机制[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 71-81, 157.
[14]	张颖, 文艳, 季宇, 左娟, 王文博. 基于目标级联法的虚拟电厂日前调频容量计算方法[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 82-90.
[15]	张超, 赵冬梅, 季宇, 张颖. 基于改进深度Q网络的虚拟电厂实时优化调度[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 91-100.

模态框（Modal）标题

虚拟电厂参与能量与辅助服务市场的协同优化策略

Collaborative Optimization Strategy for Virtual Power Plant Participating in Energy and Ancillary Service Market

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 23

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics