考虑净负荷不确定性的配电网协同调度

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202402011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

如何实现可再生能源的最大化消纳同时保证配电网的安全经济运行成为亟须解决的问题。首先，将节点上的可再生能源出力和负荷聚合为净负荷并以区间描述其不确定性，同时将系统中调节能力在节点上的映射以端点可优化的区间描述，以调节能力区间和净负荷扰动区间的公共部分反映该节点净负荷扰动的可接纳域。然后，基于优先目标规划，构建了以最大化净负荷扰动可接纳域、最小化配电网运行总成本、最小化电压偏差为目标的考虑净负荷不确定性的3层优化模型，进而得到协同考虑新能源最大化消纳、运行成本合理、节点电压波动最小化的优化方案，保证了配电网运行的安全性、可靠性与经济性。最后，基于改进的IEEE 33节点配网算例，验证了该模型和方法的有效性。

关键词: 协同优化, 净负荷扰动接纳域, 优先目标规划, 安全经济运行, 3层优化

Abstract:

Maximizing the consumption of renewable energy while ensuring the safe and economic operation of distribution networks has become an urgent issue. Firstly, the renewable energy output and load on the nodes are aggregated into net loads, and their uncertainties are described in the form of intervals. Meanwhile, the mapping of the regulation capacity in the system onto the nodes is described as intervals with optimizable endpoints, and the common part between the regulation capacity intervals and the net load disturbance intervals reflects the acceptable domain for net load disturbances at that node. Then, based on priority goal planning, a three-tier optimization model is constructed, aiming to maximize the acceptable domain of net load disturbances, minimize the total operational cost of the distribution network, and minimize voltage deviations, while considering the uncertainty of net loads. This results in an optimized solution that comprehensively considers the maximization of renewable energy consumption, reasonable operational costs, and minimal node voltage fluctuations, ensuring the safety, reliability, and economy of distribution network operation. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model and method is verified through a case study based on a modified IEEE 33-node distribution network.

Key words: synergic optimization, admissible region of net load, priority goal programming, safe and economic operation, three-layer operation

贾东梨, 杨晓雨, 刘科研, 叶学顺, 李昭. 考虑净负荷不确定性的配电网协同调度[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(9): 169-180.

Dongli JIA, Xiaoyu YANG, Keyan LIU, Xueshun YE, Zhao LI. Distribution Network Coordinate Operation Considering Net Load Uncertainty[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(9): 169-180.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202402011

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I9/169

图/表 15

图 1 节点等效调节域、节点扰动域、节点净负荷扰动可接纳域的关系

Fig.1 Relationship between node equivalent regulation domain, net load disturbance interval and admissible region of the nodal net load

图 2 功率圆线性化

Fig.2 Linearization of power circle

图 3 IEEE 33节点配网结构

Fig.3 IEEE 33-node distribution network structure

图 4 各时刻净负荷预测值

Fig.4 Predicted net load at all times

表 1 可调机组和上级电网的具体参数

Table 1 The specific parameters of the unit and the superior power grid can be adjusted

参数	DG1	DG2	DG3	DG4	上级电网
初始出力	0	0	0	0	0
有功出力上限/MW	0.4	1.2	1.2	0.6	2
有功出力下限/MW	0	0	0	0	0
上爬速率/(MW·h^–1)	0.4	1.2	1.2	0.6	2
下爬速率/(MW·h^–1)	0.4	1.2	1.2	0.6	2
运行成本系数a/(元·MW^–2)	0	0	0	0	0
运行成本系数b/(元·MW^–2)	127	110	115	118	100
运行成本系数c/元	37	25	27	31	0

表 2 优化后净负荷接纳域与成本

Table 2 Optimization results of this model under 20% perturbation

结果	总净负荷可接纳域/MW	总成本/元	运行成本/元	备用成本/元
第1层	21.271	8991.22	8749.352	241.868
第2层	21.271	8544.08	8321.909	222.170
第3层	21.271	8544.08	8321.909	222.170

图 5 各时刻可接纳域与净负荷扰动量

Fig.5 Length of the nodal admissible and nodal disturbance at all times

图 6 各机组各时刻提供的有功出力

Fig.6 The active power output provided at all times

图 7 08:00时系统各节点电压

Fig.7 Nodal voltage at 08:00

图 8 节点20各时刻电压变化

Fig.8 Voltage changes of node 20 at all times

图 9 不同λ值下的系统总净负荷可接纳域和总成本

Fig.9 The admissible region and total cost of the total net load under different λ values

表 3 线性加权法不同权重因子优化结果

Table 3 Optimization results of different weight factors by linear weighting method

系数(w₁, w₂, w₃)	电压偏差/ p.u.	总成本/ 元	运行成本/ 元	净负荷可接纳域/MW
(0.33, 0.33, 0.33)	6.2	9043.727	8725.301	31.906
(0.5, 0.2, 0.3)	6.3	8987.916	8667.654	31.906
(0.3, 0.5, 0.2)	6.7	8901.824	8576.324	31.730
(0.6, 0.2, 0.2)	6.2	9040.109	8719.671	31.906
(0.2, 0.6, 0.2)	6.4	8840.061	8511.273	31.730
(0.2, 0.2, 0.6)	6.1	9133.054	8824.487	31.305

表 4 优先目标规划法不同λ、π值的优化结果

Table 4 Optimization results of different λ and π values of priority objective programming method

	电压偏差/ p.u.	总成本/ 元	运行成本/ 元	净负荷可接纳域/MW
第1层	16.3	9093.679	8734.11	31.906
第2层(λ=1)	17.6	8667.335	8327.67	31.906
第3层(λ=1, π=1)	10.3	8667.335	8327.67	31.906
第2层(λ=0.5)	19.3	8481.439	8321.91	15.953
第3层(λ=0.5, π=1)	11.7	8481.439	8321.91	15.953
第3层(λ=1, π=1.2)	6.1	9380.202	9027.65	31.906

表 5 32%扰动下本文模型优化结果

Table 5 Optimization results of this model under 32% perturbation

结果	总净负荷可接纳域/MW	总成本/元	运行成本/元	备用成本/元
第1层结果	31.906	9055.546	8696.290	359.256
第2层结果	31.906	8667.334	8327.666	339.668
第3层结果	31.906	8667.334	8327.666	339.668

图 10 32%扰动场景下净负荷扰动域与可接纳域

Fig.10 Length of the nodal admissible and nodal disturbance when the disturbance is 32%

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