光伏办公建筑的关键设备容量配置方法

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202305114

中国电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3): 152-159, 169.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202305114

光伏办公建筑的关键设备容量配置方法

张雷¹(), 肖伟栋¹(), 蒋纯冰¹(), 刘耀¹(), 李少杰²(), 张吉²()

1. 国家电网有限公司华北分部，北京　100053
2. 清华大学建筑学院建筑节能研究中心，北京　100084

收稿日期:2023-05-14 出版日期:2024-03-28 发布日期:2024-03-26
作者简介:张雷（1983—），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事调度运行管理研究，E-mail：zhangleincgc@sina.com
肖伟栋（1987—），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事电力系统调度运行、电力现货市场、源网荷储友好互动研究，E-mail：272494291@qq.com
张吉（1993—），女，通信作者，博士，助理研究员，从事建筑新能源系统与建筑节能研究，E-mail：zjthu@tsinghua.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家电网有限公司华北分部软科学项目（基于动态碳排放因子的源荷互动指标体系设计与响应机制研究，RKX202212）；国家重点研发计划资助项目（建筑直流机电设备工程应用与检测评价，2022YFC3802505）。

Capacity Allocation Method of Key Equipment in PV System Applied in Office Buildings

Lei ZHANG¹(), Weidong XIAO¹(), Chunbing JIANG¹(), Yao LIU¹(), Shaojie LI²(), Ji ZHANG²()

1. North China Branch of State Grid Corporation of China, Beijing 100053, China
2. Building Environment Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2023-05-14 Online:2024-03-28 Published:2024-03-26
Supported by:
This work is supported by the Soft Science Project of the North China Branch of State Grid Corporation of China (Indicator Design and Response Mechanism of Source Load Interaction Based on Dynamic Carbon Emission Factors, No.RKX202212), and National Key Research and Development Programme of China (Engineering Application and Testing Evaluation of Building DC Electromechanical Equipments, No.2022YFC3802505).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

“双碳”目标下，建筑光储直柔（PEDF）系统迅速发展。城镇办公建筑具有光伏出力一般低于建筑用电负荷的特点，针对提高系统负荷供给率和用电曲线平滑性2种优化目标，研究了建筑PEDF系统中各类主要器件的设备容量配置方法，并对内部不同资源的协调配置与调控进行了分析，充分发挥储能和电动汽车的柔性能力，提高系统整体性能，为后续办公建筑PEDF系统发展提供借鉴和参考。结果表明，建筑PEDF系统配置部分储能可大大提高系统负荷供给率和用电平滑性，降低AC/DC容量配置，电动汽车充电桩在增加系统柔性调节能力的同时，可能带来新的用电尖峰负荷。配置约0.2倍日均负荷的储能容量即可实现90%以上的光伏消纳，用电曲线平稳性有效提高，同时可降低29.1%的AC/DC容量。

关键词: 办公建筑, 光储直柔系统, 容量配置, 储能, AC/DC, 电动汽车

Abstract:

With the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the photovoltaics, energy storage, direct current, and flexibility (PEDF) system applied in buildings is developing rapidly. The photovoltaic output in urban office buildings is generally lower than the building electricity load. In view of the two optimization objectives of improving the system load supply rate and the smoothness of the electricity curve, this paper studies the equipment capacity allocation methods of various main devices in the PEDF system. In addition, the coordinated configuration and regulation of different internal resources are analyzed, so as to give full play to the flexible capabilities of energy storage and electric vehicles, improve the overall performance of the system, and provide a reference for the subsequent development of the PEDF system in office buildings. The results show that the configuration of the PEDF system in the building can greatly improve the system's self-sufficiency rate and power smoothness and reduce the AC/DC capacity configuration. While increasing the system's flexible adjustment ability, the charging pile for electric vehicles may bring a new peak power load. The energy storage capacity of about 0.2 times the daily load can achieve more than 90% photovoltaic consumption, effectively improving the power curve stability and reducing the AC/DC capacity by 29.1%.

Key words: office building, PEDF, capacity configuration, battery, AC/DC, electric vehicle

张雷, 肖伟栋, 蒋纯冰, 刘耀, 李少杰, 张吉. 光伏办公建筑的关键设备容量配置方法[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(3): 152-159, 169.

Lei ZHANG, Weidong XIAO, Chunbing JIANG, Yao LIU, Shaojie LI, Ji ZHANG. Capacity Allocation Method of Key Equipment in PV System Applied in Office Buildings[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(3): 152-159, 169.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202305114

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I3/152

图/表 10

图 1 办公建筑光储直柔系统拓扑结构

Fig.1 Topology of PEDF system applied in office building

表 1 关键设备参数

Table 1 Key equipment parameter

设备	参数	数值
储能	充/放电效率/%	95
	S_OCmax	0.95
	S_OCmin	0.1
	电池充放电倍率/C	0.5
电动汽车	P_EV,max/kW	5
AC/DC	K	1.2

图 2 负荷数据和光伏数据

Fig.2 Load data and PV data

图 3 最大化RSS时储能容量配置

Fig.3 Battery capacity configuration at maximum RSS

图 4 PE=0.8时系统能量整体分配示意

Fig.4 Overall system energy allocation when PE = 0.8

图 5 最大化α时储能容量配置

Fig.5 Battery capacity configuration at maximum α

图 6 2种目标函数优化结果对比

Fig.6 Comparison of optimization results of two objective functions

图 7 典型天系统运行功率

Fig.7 System operation power on a typical day

图 8 AC/DC容量配置

Fig.8 AC/DC capacity configuration

图 9 充电桩数量对系统性能影响

Fig.9 Effect of EV's number on system performance

参考文献 18

1	金晨, 任大伟, 肖晋宇, 等. 支撑碳中和目标的电力系统源-网-储灵活性资源优化规划[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54 (8): 164- 174.
	JIN Chen, REN Dawei, XIAO Jinyu, et al. Optimization planning on power system supply-grid-storage flexibility resource for supporting the "carbon neutrality" target of China[J]. Electric Power, 2021, 54 (8): 164- 174.
2	詹天津, 谢玉荣. 国内分布式光伏发展形势分析及思考[J]. 华电技术, 2021, 43 (12): 60- 65.
	ZHAN Tianjin, XIE Yurong. Development status analysis and consideration on domestic distributed PV energy[J]. Huadian Technology, 2021, 43 (12): 60- 65.
3	金国. 分布式光伏技术在商业写字楼建筑中的应用[J]. 光源与照明, 2022, (11): 83- 85.
4	谢敏, 高浩睿, 胡海峰. 分布式光伏+储能在民用建筑应用研究与探讨[J]. 建筑电气, 2022, 41 (12): 62- 66.
	XIE Min, GAO Haorui, HU Haifeng. Research and discussion on application of distributed PV+energy storage in civil buildings[J]. Building Electricity, 2022, 41 (12): 62- 66.
5	唐哲. 寒冷地区钢结构工业建筑与太阳能光伏一体化设计研究[D]. 济南: 山东建筑大学, 2015.
	TANG Zhe. Cold region steel structure industrial building and the integration of solar photovoltaic design research[D]. Jinan: Shandong Jianzhu University, 2015.
6	丁明, 王伟胜, 王秀丽, 等. 大规模光伏发电对电力系统影响综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34 (1): 1- 14.
	DING Ming, WANG Weisheng, WANG Xiuli, et al. A review on the effect of large-scale PV generation on power systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34 (1): 1- 14.
7	李叶茂, 郝斌, 李雨桐. 直流建筑技术展望[J]. 建筑科学, 2022, 38 (2): 40- 49, 98.
	LI Yemao, HAO Bin, LI Yutong. Technological outlook on DC buildings[J]. Building Science, 2022, 38 (2): 40- 49, 98.
8	江亿. 光储直柔: 助力实现零碳电力的新型建筑配电系统[J]. 暖通空调, 2021, 51 (10): 1- 12.
	JIANG Yi. PSDF(photovoltaic, storage, DC, flexible)—a new type of building power distribution system for zero carbon power system[J]. Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning, 2021, 51 (10): 1- 12.
9	刘晓华, 张涛, 刘效辰, 等. “光储直柔” 建筑新型能源系统发展现状与研究展望[J]. 暖通空调, 2022, 52 (8): 1- 9, 82.
	LIU Xiaohua, ZHANG Tao, LIU Xiaochen, et al. Development statuses and research prospects of PEDF(photovoltaics, energy storage, direct current and flexibility)building energy systems[J]. Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning, 2022, 52 (8): 1- 9, 82.
10	李叶茂, 李雨桐, 郝斌, 等. 低碳发展背景下的建筑“光储直柔” 配用电系统关键技术分析[J]. 供用电, 2021, 38 (1): 32- 38.
	LI Yemao, LI Yutong, HAO Bin, et al. Key technologies of building power supply and distribution system towards carbon neutral development[J]. Distribution & Utilization, 2021, 38 (1): 32- 38.
11	贾禾, 彭晋卿, 李念平, 等. 动态电价下分布式光伏-储能系统优化与经济性分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42 (5): 187- 193.
	JIA He, PENG Jinqing, LI Nianping, et al. Optimization and economic analysis of distributed photovoltaic-energy storage system under dynamic electricity price[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2021, 42 (5): 187- 193.
12	王超, 胡浩, 郑炼, 等. 基于智慧蓄电池的光伏储能系统及其控制策略[J]. 可再生能源, 2022, 40 (4): 506- 512.
	WANG Chao, HU Hao, ZHENG Lian, et al. Photovoltaic energy storage system based on smart battery and its control strategy[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2022, 40 (4): 506- 512.
13	吴小刚, 刘宗歧, 田立亭, 等. 独立光伏系统光储容量优化配置方法[J]. 电网技术, 2014, 38 (5): 1271- 1276.
	WU Xiaogang, LIU Zongqi, TIAN Liting, et al. Optimized capacity configuration of photovoltaic generation and energy storage device for stand-alone photovoltaic generation system[J]. Power System Technology, 2014, 38 (5): 1271- 1276.
14	王文宾, 朱燕舞, 韩天华, 等. 基于随机规划的分布式光伏并网最大准入容量计算[J]. 燕山大学学报, 2018, 42 (6): 510- 518.
	WANG Wenbin, ZHU Yanwu, HAN Tianhua, et al. Maximum access capacity calculation of distributed PV grid connected based on stochastic programming[J]. Journal of Yanshan University, 2018, 42 (6): 510- 518.
15	赵安军, 王鹏柱, 荆竞, 等. 考虑电动汽车影响的农村家庭新能源容量优化配置方法[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55 (8): 31- 39, 50.
	ZHAO Anjun, WANG Pengzhu, JING Jing, et al. Optimal configuration method of new energy capacity for rural households considering impact of electric vehicles[J]. Electric Power, 2022, 55 (8): 31- 39, 50.
16	苏粟, 蒋小超, 王玮, 等. 计及电动汽车和光伏—储能的微网能量优化管理[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2015, 39 (9): 164- 171.
	SU Su, JIANG Xiaochao, WANG Wei, et al. Optimal energy management for microgrids considering electric vehicles and photovoltaic-energy storage[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 39 (9): 164- 171.
17	HESSE H, MARTINS R, MUSILEK P, et al. Economic optimization of component sizing for residential battery storage systems[J]. Energies, 2017, 10(7): 835.
18	荣秀婷, 张辉, 朱刘柱, 等. “双碳” 目标下商务楼宇 “光储直柔” 恒功率运行研究[J]. 机械制造与自动化, 2022, 51 (5): 223- 227.
	RONG Xiuting, ZHANG Hui, ZHU Liuzhu, et al. Research on 'photovoltaic, storage and dc flexibility' based constant power operation in commercial buildings under targets of 'Carbon Peak' and 'Carbon Neutral'[J]. Machine Building & Automation, 2022, 51 (5): 223- 227.

[1]	李湃, 卢慧, 李驰, 杜洪博. 多能互补发电系统电/热储能容量双层优化配置方法[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(3): 55-64.
[2]	刘雨姗, 陈俊儒, 常喜强, 刘牧阳. 构网型储能变流器并网性能的多层级评价指标体系及应用[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(3): 193-203.
[3]	徐祥海, 商佳宜, 赵天煜, 龚莺飞, 何卫斌, 汤亚宸. 考虑碳排放限制与市场参与的储能利润优化[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(3): 204-212.
[4]	李金, 刘科孟, 许丹莉, 高为举, 黄磊, 吴浩星, 华昊辰. 基于共享储能站的多能互补微能源网外衍响应双层优化[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(2): 43-56.
[5]	赖业宁, 孙仲卿, 陆志平, 刘沁. 考虑储能资源聚合参与的电网优化运行与韧性提升策略[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(2): 57-65.
[6]	闫志彬, 李立, 阳鹏, 宋蕙慧, 车彬, 靳盘龙. 考虑构网型储能支撑能力的微电网优化调度策略[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(2): 103-110.
[7]	邹小燕, 张瑞宏. 考虑政府干预的可再生能源与储能企业合作模式演化博弈研究[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(1): 153-163.
[8]	王雨晴, 张敏, 王嘉兴, 李泊皓, 杨天阳, 曾鸣. 基于超模博弈的共享储能容量租赁价格决策[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(1): 164-173.
[9]	张旭, 王淳, 胡奕涛, 陈锐凯, 刘昆, 郭志东, 钟俊勋. 面向短时过载及长期轻载的配变侧储能配置与调度双层优化[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(1): 174-184.
[10]	齐国民, 李天野, 于洪, 卢博伦, 马宝中, 张文欣, 吴恩同, 肖先瑶. 基于MPC的户用光-储系统容量配置及运行优化模型[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(1): 185-195.
[11]	姜文瑾, 刘巧妹, 杨晓东, 阙定飞, 沈豫, 黄夏楠, 赖振华. 计及气固两相储氢特性的海上风电-多元储能系统优化配置[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(9): 103-112.
[12]	高明非, 韩中合, 赵斌, 李鹏, 吴迪. 区域综合能源系统多类型储能协同优化与运行策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(9): 205-216.
[13]	么钟然, 孙丽颖. 考虑线路阻抗的分布式储能SOC均衡控制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(9): 238-246.
[14]	田刚领, 武鸿鑫, 李娟, 张柳丽, 谢佳, 李爱魁. 风电场多功能储能电站功率分配策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(9): 247-256.
[15]	冯兴, 杨威, 张安安, 张曦, 李茜, 雷宪章. 双向可逆的集中式电氢耦合系统容量优化配置[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(8): 1-11.

光伏办公建筑的关键设备容量配置方法

Capacity Allocation Method of Key Equipment in PV System Applied in Office Buildings

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 18

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

模态框（Modal）标题

光伏办公建筑的关键设备容量配置方法

Capacity Allocation Method of Key Equipment in PV System Applied in Office Buildings

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 18

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics