受端近区光伏电站对LCC-HVDC系统稳定性影响分析

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202305006

中国电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3): 170-182.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202305006

受端近区光伏电站对LCC-HVDC系统稳定性影响分析

周于清¹(), 李大虎², 姚伟¹(), 宗启航¹, 周泓宇¹, 文劲宇¹

1. 强电磁技术全国重点实验室（华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院），湖北武汉　430074
2. 国网湖北省电力有限公司，湖北武汉　430077

收稿日期:2023-05-04 出版日期:2024-03-28 发布日期:2024-03-26
作者简介:周于清（2000—），女，硕士研究生，从事新能源发电系统建模、稳定分析与主动控制技术研究，E-mail：yuqingzhou@hust.edu.cn
姚伟（1983—），男，通信作者，教授，博士生导师，从事高比例新能源电力系统稳定分析与控制、新一代电力人工智能技术及应用等研究，E-mail：w.yao@hust.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目（52022035）；国网湖北省电力公司科技项目（面向多特高压直流馈入和新能源基地发展的湖北新型电力系统运行与控制关键技术研究，52150521000W）。

Stability Analysis of LCC-HVDC with PV Station at the Receiving End

Yuqing ZHOU¹(), Dahu LI², Wei YAO¹(), Qihang ZONG¹, Hongyu ZHOU¹, Jinyu WEN¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology (School of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan 430074, China
2. State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430077, China

Received:2023-05-04 Online:2024-03-28 Published:2024-03-26
Supported by:
This work is supported by the Outstanding Youth Science Foundation of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52022035), Science and Technology Project of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. (Research on Key Technologies of Operation and Control of Hubei New Power System for Multi-UHVDC Feed in and New Energy Base Development, No.52150521000W).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国湖北等地已形成高比例新能源和直流共同馈入的新型受端电力系统，光伏电站馈入直流受端换流站近区时，电力电子设备次同步振荡特性及子系统间交互作用有待分析。采用特征值分析法，对大规模光伏电站馈入对直流系统稳定性影响展开研究。首先，建立了大规模光伏电站直流受端并网系统小信号分析模型，从模态角度证实光伏电站馈入对直流系统稳定性存在较大影响。进一步，通过主导模态观察各子系统间的交互作用特性，以减小系统次同步振荡风险为目标，整定光伏控制参数可行域。最后，定义子系统参与度，衡量运行参数对系统间次同步交互作用的影响，得出受端电网强度较小、光照强度较大时，光伏电站与直流系统间交互作用更强的结论，同时在设计光伏电站并网时应选取阻抗比小的导线，减小光伏并网线路距离。研究结论可为光伏并网设计提供理论依据。

关键词: 直流输电, 光伏电站, 次同步振荡, 交互作用, 特征值分析

Abstract:

A new type of receiving-end power system with high proportion of new energy and HVDC has been formed in Hubei. In the scenario where the PV station is located near the HVDC receiving-end converter station, the sub-synchronous oscillation characteristics of power electronic devices and the interactions between the sub-systems are still to be analyzed. This paper used eigenvalue analysis method to explore the influence of the massive infeed of PV stations. Firstly, with a small signal analysis model of HVDC with PV station established, this paper has confirmed that the infeed of PV stations has a significant influence on the system stability. The interaction characteristics between subsystems were further observed through the dominant mode, and the feasible region of photovoltaic control parameters set, with a view to lower risks of sub-synchronous oscillation in the system. Finally, this paper defined the subsystem participation degree and measured the influence of operational parameters on the sub-synchronous interaction between the systems. It is concluded that the interaction between the PV plant and the DC system is stronger in the case of low grid strength and high light intensity at the receiving end. When designing a PV plant for grid connection, a conductor with a small impedance ratio should be selected to reduce the distance of the PV grid connection line. This conclusion can provide a theoretical basis for photovoltaic grid-connected design.

Key words: LCC-HVDC, PV station, sub-synchronous oscillation, interaction, eigenvalue analysis

周于清, 李大虎, 姚伟, 宗启航, 周泓宇, 文劲宇. 受端近区光伏电站对LCC-HVDC系统稳定性影响分析[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(3): 170-182.

Yuqing ZHOU, Dahu LI, Wei YAO, Qihang ZONG, Hongyu ZHOU, Jinyu WEN. Stability Analysis of LCC-HVDC with PV Station at the Receiving End[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(3): 170-182.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202305006

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I3/170

图/表 27

图 1 光伏馈入LCC-HVDC受端系统结构

Fig.1 Structure of LCC-HVDC receiving end system with PV feed

表 1 LCC-HVDC系统主要参数

Table 1 Parameters of LCC-HVDC system

类型	参数	数值
直流系统	额定电压/kV	500
直流系统	额定功率/MW	1000
换流站	K_r∶1	345 kV/213 kV
	1∶K_i	209 kV/230 kV
	K_p1	30
	K_i1	1200
	K_p2	50
	K_i2	1000
直流线路	L_dc/H	0.5968
直流线路	R_dc/Ω	2.5
交流系统	送端等效电阻/Ω	4.778
	送端等效电抗/H	0.1509
	受端等效电阻/Ω	8.24
	受端等效电抗/H	0.0851

图 2 CIGRE第一标准测试系统控制结构

Fig.2 Control structure of GIGRE first standard testing system

图 3 并网光伏电站控制结构

Fig.3 Control structure of grid-connected PV station

表 2 光伏电站系统主要参数

Table 2 Parameters of PV station system

类型	参数	数值
光伏电池阵列	标准温度/℃	25
	标况短路电流/A	9.16
	标况开路电压/V	36
	最大功率电流/A	8.45
	最大功率电压/V	29.62
	并联个数N_p	6700
	串联个数N_s	300
DC-DC变换器	续流电感L/mH	0.075
DC-DC变换器	光伏出口电容/μF	1000
VSC	K_pdc	10
	K_idc	50
	K_pd	2
	K_id	20
	K_pq	50
	K_iq	1
交流并网线路	L/H	0.04
锁相环	K_ppll	30
锁相环	K_ipll	500
电站	额定功率 P/MW	500

图 4 系统等效输入输出变量示意

Fig.4 Equivalent input and output variable diagram

图 5 小信号模型和电磁暂态模型响应对比

Fig.5 Response comparison of small signal and electromagnetic transient modals

图 6 光伏馈入前后直流系统应对干扰响应波形及其频谱分析

Fig.6 Response waveform of DC system to interference before and after PV infeed and its spectrum analysis

图 7 直流逆变器输出有功功率

Fig.7 Output active power of DC inverter

表 3 LCC-HVDC系统主导模态

Table 3 Dominant modals of LCC-HVDC system

模态	名称	特征根	频率/Hz
1、2	交流模态	–28.29 ± j120.01×2π	120.01
3、4	交/直流模态	–37.76 ± j28.11×2π	28.11
5、6	直流模态	–37.27 ± j10.17×2π	10.17

表 4 含光伏馈入的LCC-HVDC系统主导模态

Table 4 Dominant modals of LCC-HVDC system with PV infeed

模态	名称	特征根	频率/Hz
1、2	交流模态	–51.08 ± j115.8×2π	115.80
3、4	交/直流模态	–57.14 ± j27.75×2π	27.75
5、6	直流模态	–34.01 ± j5.80×2π	5.80
7、8	光伏/交流/直流交互模态（交互振荡模态）	–9.12 ± j5.40×2π	5.40

图 8 主导模态参与因子分析

Fig.8 Dominant modal participation factor analysis diagram

图 9 Kpll在（1, 70）区间增大时的根轨迹

Fig.9 Root locus when Kpll increases in (1, 70)

图 10 不同Kpll下直流有功功率Pdc响应

Fig.10 Response of DC active power Pdc under different Kpll

图 11 KP1在（1, 50）区间增大时的根轨迹

Fig.11 Root locus when KP1 increases in (1, 50)

图 12 不同KP1下直流有功功率Pdc响应

Fig.12 Response of DC active power Pdc under different KP1

图 13 KP2在（1, 50）区间增大时的根轨迹

Fig.13 Root locus when KP2 increases in (1, 50)

图 14 不同KP2下直流有功功率Pdc响应

Fig.14 Response of DC active power Pdc under different KP2

图 15 参与度随SCR变化情况

Fig.15 Participation degree changes with SCR changes

图 16 受端SCR对交互振荡模态影响

Fig.16 Influence of receiving-end SCR on interaction oscillation modal

图 17 参与度随辐照度变化情况

Fig.17 Participation degree changes with irradiance changes

图 18 辐照度对模态交互振荡模态影响

Fig.18 Influence of irradiance on interaction oscillation modal

图 19 参与度随受端阻抗比变化情况

Fig.19 Participation degree changes with receiving-end impedance ratio changes

图 20 受端阻抗比对交互振荡模态影响

Fig.20 Influence of receiving-end impedance ratio on interaction oscillation modal

图 21 参与度随交流并网线路距离变化情况

Fig.21 Participation degree changes with changes in distance of AC grid-connected line

图 22 交流并网线路距离对交互振荡模态影响

Fig.22 Effect of line distance on Interaction oscillation mode

图 23 不同交流并网线路距离下直流有功功率Pdc

Fig.23 Response of DC active power Pdc under different distances of AC grid-connected line

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受端近区光伏电站对LCC-HVDC系统稳定性影响分析

Stability Analysis of LCC-HVDC with PV Station at the Receiving End

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受端近区光伏电站对LCC-HVDC系统稳定性影响分析

Stability Analysis of LCC-HVDC with PV Station at the Receiving End

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摘要/Abstract

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图/表 27

参考文献 25

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