基于综合谐波驱动的光伏场站集电线路保护新方案

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202404055

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出一种基于综合谐波驱动的光伏场站集电线路保护新方案。首先分析光伏场站集电线故障后的谐波来源及分布特性，通过全光纤电流互感器（fiber optical current transformer，FOCT）获取电流谐波，并基于非支配排序遗传算法Ⅱ（nondominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ，NSGA-Ⅱ）计算最优谐波特征权值，以提升故障电流综合谐波特征显度，同时，构建了高次谐波启动判据和综合谐波动作判据。对于不同故障情况进行仿真研究，验证了所提方法的有效性。

关键词: 光伏电站, 集电线路, 暂态特征, 谐波保护

Abstract:

A new protection scheme for the collection line of photovoltaic power station based on comprehensive harmonic drive is proposed. Firstly, the harmonic sources and characteristics of the collection line fault in photovoltaic power station are analyzed, and the current harmonics are obtained by fiber optical current transformer (FOCT), and the harmonic characteristic weight is calculated based on the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ) to improve the comprehensive harmonic characteristic of fault current. At the time, the high-order harmonic start-up criterion and the comprehensive harmonic action criterion are constructed. The simulation study is carried out for different fault conditions, and the effectiveness of proposed method is verified.

Key words: photovoltaic power station, collector line, transient characteristics, harmonic protection

沃建栋, 潘武略, 李跃辉, 吴佳毅. 基于综合谐波驱动的光伏场站集电线路保护新方案[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(2): 133-139.

Jiandong WO, Wulue PAN, Yuehui LI, Jiayi WU. New Solution for Photovoltaic Station Collector Line Protection Based on Comprehensive Harmonic Drive[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(2): 133-139.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202404055

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I2/133

图/表 11

图 1 光伏汇集场站系统拓扑

Fig.1 The Topology of Photovoltaic Convergence Station system

图 2 串联光伏阵列内部构成

Fig.2 Internal composition of series photovoltaic array

图 3 主变压器等效电路

Fig.3 Equivalent circuit of main transformer

图 4 NSGA-Ⅱ方法计算流程

Fig.4 Calculation flow of NSGA-Ⅱ method

图 5 综合谐波保护方案流程

Fig.5 Integrated harmonic protection scheme process

图 6 AB-G相间故障接地仿真验证

Fig.6 AB-G phase fault grounding simulation

表 1 不同相间故障类型仿真结果

Table 1 Simulation Results of Different Interphase Fault Types

故障类型	故障发生/s	保护启动/s	保护动作/s
ABC	0.5000	0.5020	0.5036
AB	0.5000	0.5018	0.5150
AB-G	0.5000	0.5023	0.5150
AC	0.5000	0.5012	0.5110
AC-G	0.5000	0.5018	0.5150

表 2 不同故障合闸角仿真结果

Table 2 Simulation Results of Different Fault Closing Angles

故障合闸角/(°)	故障发生/s	保护启动/s	保护动作/s
0	0.5010	0.5037	0.5100
30	0.5027	0.5042	0.5145
60	0.5043	0.5055	0.5160
90	0.5060	0.5075	0.5210

表 3 不同故障位置仿真结果

Table 3 Simulation Results of Different Fault Locations

故障位置	故障发生/s	保护启动/s	保护动作/s
F1	0.5000	0.5018	0.5065
F2	0.5000	0.5018	0.5073
F3	0.5000	0.5018	0.5075
F4	0.5000	0.5018	0.5075
F5	0.5000	0.5018	0.5078

图 7 极端噪声仿真验证

Fig.7 Extreme Noise Simulation

表 4 典型故障工况噪声干扰仿真结果

Table 4 Simulation Results of Typical Fault Locations

典型故障	故障发生/s	保护启动/s	保护动作/s
AB-G	0.5000	0.5023	0.5150
90°	0.5060	0.5075	0.5210
F5	0.5000	0.5015	0.5080

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