An Overview of the Evolution of Security and Stability of China’s Power System

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202403003

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to take measures in advance to prevent the decline of the safety and stability level of the power system, it is necessary to clarify the impact of the new energy revolution on the evolution of the security and stability of China's power system. According to the scale and growth of the power grid in the process of China's power system development, the security and stability of China's power system is divided into four stages of development. The typical instability problems of the power system at different stages are summarized. The dominant factors affecting the security and stability of the power system at each stage are analyzed, and the mechanisms and causes for the conversion of security and stability are clarified. It is pointed out that under the new energy revolution, the security and stability of the power system appears decoupling from the scale of the power system. Proposals are made to construct a power grid evolution model and establish a comprehensive assessment indexes of stability level to quantify and predict the trend of future changes in the security and stability level of the power system.

Key words: power system, power gird size, security and stability, stability issues, evolutionary

Wu DONG, Jian ZHANG, Qinyong ZHOU, Libo ZHANG, Haoyue GONG. An Overview of the Evolution of Security and Stability of China’s Power System[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(1): 115-127.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202403003

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V58/I1/115

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References 77

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年份	220 kV线路		110 kV线路		220 kV变电		110 kV变电
年份	长度/ km	年增长率/ %	长度/ km	年增长率/ %	容量/ (万kV·A)	年增长率/ %	容量/ (万kV·A)	年增长率/ %
1960	2845	—	11082	—	365.45	—	866.78	—
1961	3212	12.90	11732	5.87	387.45	6.02	962.15	11.00
1962	3165	–1.46	12895	9.91	456.47	17.81	1111.87	15.56
1963	3187	0.70	13134	1.85	480.47	5.26	1120.27	0.76
1964	3187	0.00	13774	4.87	492.47	2.50	1212.44	8.23
1965	3410	7.00	15994	16.12	507.40	3.03	1416.00	16.79
1966	4432	29.97	17612	10.12	569.40	12.22	1559.69	10.15
1972	10172	—	38609	—	812.20	—	1996.00	—
1973	11234	10.44	42190	9.28	1149.00	41.47	2190.00	9.72
1974	13426	19.51	46090	9.24	1340.00	16.62	2579.00	17.76
1975	14201	5.77	48689	5.64	1615.00	20.52	2968.00	15.08
1976	16806	18.34	52193	7.20	1846.00	14.30	3226.00	8.69
1977	19319	14.95	54467	4.36	2089.00	13.16	3594.00	11.41
1978	22672	17.36	57418	5.42	2479.00	18.67	4093.00	13.88
1979	26163	15.40	61882	7.77	2952.00	19.08	4525.00	10.55
1980	29154	11.43	65149	5.28	3418.00	15.79	5162.00	14.08

年份	220 kV线路		110 kV线路		220 kV变电		110 kV变电
年份	长度/ km	年增长率/ %	长度/ km	年增长率/ %	容量/ (万kV·A)	年增长率/ %	容量/ (万kV·A)	年增长率/ %
1960	2845	—	11082	—	365.45	—	866.78	—
1961	3212	12.90	11732	5.87	387.45	6.02	962.15	11.00
1962	3165	–1.46	12895	9.91	456.47	17.81	1111.87	15.56
1963	3187	0.70	13134	1.85	480.47	5.26	1120.27	0.76
1964	3187	0.00	13774	4.87	492.47	2.50	1212.44	8.23
1965	3410	7.00	15994	16.12	507.40	3.03	1416.00	16.79
1966	4432	29.97	17612	10.12	569.40	12.22	1559.69	10.15
1972	10172	—	38609	—	812.20	—	1996.00	—
1973	11234	10.44	42190	9.28	1149.00	41.47	2190.00	9.72
1974	13426	19.51	46090	9.24	1340.00	16.62	2579.00	17.76
1975	14201	5.77	48689	5.64	1615.00	20.52	2968.00	15.08
1976	16806	18.34	52193	7.20	1846.00	14.30	3226.00	8.69
1977	19319	14.95	54467	4.36	2089.00	13.16	3594.00	11.41
1978	22672	17.36	57418	5.42	2479.00	18.67	4093.00	13.88
1979	26163	15.40	61882	7.77	2952.00	19.08	4525.00	10.55
1980	29154	11.43	65149	5.28	3418.00	15.79	5162.00	14.08

事故日期	事故名称	事故原因
1960-05	松李线事故	网络结构薄弱
1963-08	水首线事故	1）网络结构薄弱； 2）故障切除时间过长
1972-04	东北电网丰满—长春—辽源—盘石发生4次稳定破坏事故	电网结构不合理
1972-07-20	浙江电网瓦解事故	1）电网结构不合理； 2）继电保护误动
1972-07-27	“七·二七”湖北电网瓦解事故	1）人为过失； 2）继电保护误动； 3）系统长期低频率、低电压运行
1973-11	辽宁电厂稳定破坏事故	继电保护拒动
1974-05-28	陕甘青电网系统振荡事故	网络结构薄弱
1974-11-24	湖北电网振荡事故	运行管理问题（运行操作不正确）
1975-08	水丰厂静态稳定破坏事故	1）运行管理问题（选择解环方式前未进行稳定计算分析）； 2）电网结构不合理
1976-06-20	丹江与武汉系统解列事故	系统长期低频率、低电压运行
1979-08	水丰厂静态稳定破坏事故	1）运行管理问题（解环前未进行稳定计算分析）； 2）电网结构不合理

事故日期	事故名称	事故原因
1960-05	松李线事故	网络结构薄弱
1963-08	水首线事故	1）网络结构薄弱； 2）故障切除时间过长
1972-04	东北电网丰满—长春—辽源—盘石发生4次稳定破坏事故	电网结构不合理
1972-07-20	浙江电网瓦解事故	1）电网结构不合理； 2）继电保护误动
1972-07-27	“七·二七”湖北电网瓦解事故	1）人为过失； 2）继电保护误动； 3）系统长期低频率、低电压运行
1973-11	辽宁电厂稳定破坏事故	继电保护拒动
1974-05-28	陕甘青电网系统振荡事故	网络结构薄弱
1974-11-24	湖北电网振荡事故	运行管理问题（运行操作不正确）
1975-08	水丰厂静态稳定破坏事故	1）运行管理问题（选择解环方式前未进行稳定计算分析）； 2）电网结构不合理
1976-06-20	丹江与武汉系统解列事故	系统长期低频率、低电压运行
1979-08	水丰厂静态稳定破坏事故	1）运行管理问题（解环前未进行稳定计算分析）； 2）电网结构不合理

期间	静稳破坏事故/次	暂稳破坏事故/次	动稳破坏事故/次	低频振荡现象/次	合计
1981—1990年	4	46	—	3	53
1991—2002年	1	13	2	7	23
趋势	下降	下降	增多	增多	下降