Dual-Layer Optimization of Distribution Transformer Side Energy Storage Configuration and Dispatching for Short-Term Overload and Long-Term Light Load

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202310048

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of short-term overload and long-term light-load operation of rural distribution transformers, a bi-layer optimization method for optimizing energy storage configuration and scheduling on distribution transformer side based on economic benefit evaluation is proposed in this paper. The upper model aims at the optimal economic benefit of the system, and decides the rated power and capacity of the energy storage system by Levy flying particle swarm optimization. The lower layer model, embedded in a simple calculation model of energy storage life consumption, aims at minimizing active power fluctuation on the low voltage side of distribution transformer, minimizing energy storage life consumption and optimizing dispatching economic benefits, and decides the scheduling strategy of energy storage system by commercial solver Gurobi. When constructing the economic benefit evaluation model of energy storage system on the side of distribution transformer, taking into account the influence of battery life consumption and dynamic load rate of distribution transformer on economic benefit, the investment cost model of lithium iron phosphate energy storage system based on equivalent total cycle number and the fault risk-return model of distribution transformer considering the effect of dynamic load rate on fault probability are established. The results of numerical examples show that the proposed method can improve the economy of the distribution transformer side connected to the energy storage system while ensuring the safe and stable operation of the distribution network.

Key words: energy storage, rural distribution transformer, economic benefit evaluation, life consumption model, bi-layer optimization

Xu ZHANG, Chun WANG, Yitao HU, Ruikai CHEN, Kun LIU, Zhidong GUO, Junxun ZHONG. Dual-Layer Optimization of Distribution Transformer Side Energy Storage Configuration and Dispatching for Short-Term Overload and Long-Term Light Load[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(1): 174-184.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202310048

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V58/I1/174

Figures/Tables 15

References 29

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参数名称		参数设置
电池单位容量成本/(元·(kW·h)^–1)		1700
电池单位功率成本/(元·kW^–1)		100
电池运维成本比例/%		8
电池土建成本比例/%		3
电池退役处置残值比例/%		6
电池效率/%		88
$ S_{ {\text{oc}}}^{\min } $, $ S_{ {\text{oc}}}^{\max } $		0.15, 0.90
电池最大寿命年限/年		10

参数名称		参数设置
电池单位容量成本/(元·(kW·h)^–1)		1700
电池单位功率成本/(元·kW^–1)		100
电池运维成本比例/%		8
电池土建成本比例/%		3
电池退役处置残值比例/%		6
电池效率/%		88
$ S_{ {\text{oc}}}^{\min } $, $ S_{ {\text{oc}}}^{\max } $		0.15, 0.90
电池最大寿命年限/年		10

参数名称		参数设置
DT的单位造价/(元·kW^–1)		1000
DT的固定资产折旧率/%		3
DT的有功短路损耗/ kW		69.30
DT的无功短路损耗/(kV·A)		1120
DT的无功经济当量/( kW·(kV·A)^–1)		0.05
三相不平衡DT损耗增加率/%		1.05
DT的故障发生概率/%		0.50
DT的故障风险价格/(元·(kV·A)^–1)		100

参数名称		参数设置
DT的单位造价/(元·kW^–1)		1000
DT的固定资产折旧率/%		3
DT的有功短路损耗/ kW		69.30
DT的无功短路损耗/(kV·A)		1120
DT的无功经济当量/( kW·(kV·A)^–1)		0.05
三相不平衡DT损耗增加率/%		1.05
DT的故障发生概率/%		0.50
DT的故障风险价格/(元·(kV·A)^–1)		100

参数名称		参数设置
上层优化迭代次数		100
上层优化粒子个数		20
上层Levy飞行粒子个数		5
Levy步长控制量		1.00