Network Security Risk Assessment Index System and Calculation for Virtual Power Plant

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311036

Abstract

Abstract:

In this paper, we propose a multidimensional dynamic risk assessment index system for the new system of virtual power plants. Firstly, based on the characteristics of the virtual power plant, a static risk assessment index system is built; a dynamic risk assessment index system is constructed, based on the evolution mechanism of attack paths, and collects data from information, physical and the information physical sides. Then, we propose a quantitative assessment method. Finally, the simulation experiment is carried out to validate the multi-dimensional dynamic risk assessment index system proposed in this paper, which can assess the network risk of the virtual power plant, identify potential risks, and propose valid enhancement measures.

Key words: virtual power plant, interaction between public network and private network, risk assessment, index system

Ke YANG, Dong WANG, Da LI, Wangjun ZHANG, Ga XIANG, Jun LI. Network Security Risk Assessment Index System and Calculation for Virtual Power Plant[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(8): 130-137.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311036

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2024/V57/I8/130

Figures/Tables 8

References 25

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O层目标	A层指标	P层指标
VPP网络安全风险评估	VPP系统网络防护$ {a}_{1} $	VPP终端与管理控制平台动态双向访问认证$ {p}_{1} $
		基于VPP业务类型的安全隔离防护$ {p}_{2} $
		管控非授权网络接入$ {p}_{3} $
		面向VPP的恶意软件检测防护$ {p}_{4} $
		VPP时敏业务通信时延$ {p}_{5} $
		VPP通信网络光纤/4 G/5 G设备配置安全$ {p}_{6} $
	VPP运营商服务器防护$ {a}_{2} $	面向VPP的漏洞检查及补丁及时更新$ {p}_{7} $
		VPP系统服务器的访问控制机制$ {p}_{8} $
		VPP新系统初始化及配置安全$ {p}_{9} $
		协议安全$ {p}_{10} $
		面向VPP服务器的恶意软件防护$ {p}_{11} $
		VPP聚合调控数据防篡改$ {p}_{12} $
	VPP运营商控制类终端防护$ {a}_{3} $	VPP控制类终端加密认证及访问控制$ {p}_{13} $
		VPP控制类终端的固件漏洞检查及定期升级机制$ {p}_{14} $
		终端接入软件通信身份认证机制$ {p}_{15} $
	VPP运营商采集类终端防护$ {a}_{4} $	VPP采集类终端加密认证管理$ {p}_{16} $
		VPP采集类终端的固件漏洞检查及定期升级机制$ {p}_{17} $
		VPP采集类终端数据防篡改机制$ {p}_{18} $
	VPP运营商应用系统防护$ {a}_{5} $	防面向VPP业务的DDoS攻击机制$ {p}_{19} $
		VPP 软件系统（协调、控制、聚合、交易等）的异常检测机制$ {p}_{20} $
		面向VPP系统的时间同步攻击防护$ {p}_{21} $
		VPP 软件系统（协调、控制、聚合、交易等）通信身份认证机制$ {p}_{22} $
		基于VPP业务流程的安全防护$ {p}_{23} $
		面向VPP应用系统的恶意软件防护$ {p}_{24} $
	重要数据安全防护$ {a}_{6} $	VPP用户数据完整性$ {p}_{25} $
		VPP多交易主体用户隐私数据非授权访问防护$ {p}_{26} $
		VPP隐私数据脱敏策略设置$ {p}_{27} $
		VPP用户数据访问控制策略$ {p}_{28} $

O层目标	A层指标	P层指标
VPP网络安全风险评估	VPP系统网络防护$ {a}_{1} $	VPP终端与管理控制平台动态双向访问认证$ {p}_{1} $
		基于VPP业务类型的安全隔离防护$ {p}_{2} $
		管控非授权网络接入$ {p}_{3} $
		面向VPP的恶意软件检测防护$ {p}_{4} $
		VPP时敏业务通信时延$ {p}_{5} $
		VPP通信网络光纤/4 G/5 G设备配置安全$ {p}_{6} $
	VPP运营商服务器防护$ {a}_{2} $	面向VPP的漏洞检查及补丁及时更新$ {p}_{7} $
		VPP系统服务器的访问控制机制$ {p}_{8} $
		VPP新系统初始化及配置安全$ {p}_{9} $
		协议安全$ {p}_{10} $
		面向VPP服务器的恶意软件防护$ {p}_{11} $
		VPP聚合调控数据防篡改$ {p}_{12} $
	VPP运营商控制类终端防护$ {a}_{3} $	VPP控制类终端加密认证及访问控制$ {p}_{13} $
		VPP控制类终端的固件漏洞检查及定期升级机制$ {p}_{14} $
		终端接入软件通信身份认证机制$ {p}_{15} $
	VPP运营商采集类终端防护$ {a}_{4} $	VPP采集类终端加密认证管理$ {p}_{16} $
		VPP采集类终端的固件漏洞检查及定期升级机制$ {p}_{17} $
		VPP采集类终端数据防篡改机制$ {p}_{18} $
	VPP运营商应用系统防护$ {a}_{5} $	防面向VPP业务的DDoS攻击机制$ {p}_{19} $
		VPP 软件系统（协调、控制、聚合、交易等）的异常检测机制$ {p}_{20} $
		面向VPP系统的时间同步攻击防护$ {p}_{21} $
		VPP 软件系统（协调、控制、聚合、交易等）通信身份认证机制$ {p}_{22} $
		基于VPP业务流程的安全防护$ {p}_{23} $
		面向VPP应用系统的恶意软件防护$ {p}_{24} $
	重要数据安全防护$ {a}_{6} $	VPP用户数据完整性$ {p}_{25} $
		VPP多交易主体用户隐私数据非授权访问防护$ {p}_{26} $
		VPP隐私数据脱敏策略设置$ {p}_{27} $
		VPP用户数据访问控制策略$ {p}_{28} $

O层目标	A层指标	P层指标
VPP信息物理协同安全防护	VPP专网防公网渗透防护机制	VPP正常运行监测指标
	VPP专网防公网渗透防护机制	VPP异常发现监测指标
	VPP信息系统异常检测防护机制	基于攻击路径的信息系统失效监测指标
	VPP信息物理协同攻击防护机制	基于攻击路径的协同攻击异常发现监测指标
	VPP物理后果指标	故障失负荷数
		故障失稳数
		故障失用户数
		故障失负荷小时数
		故障失稳小时数
		故障失用户小时数
		节点连接状态
		指令执行状态
		负荷波动状态

O层目标	A层指标	P层指标
VPP信息物理协同安全防护	VPP专网防公网渗透防护机制	VPP正常运行监测指标
	VPP专网防公网渗透防护机制	VPP异常发现监测指标
	VPP信息系统异常检测防护机制	基于攻击路径的信息系统失效监测指标
	VPP信息物理协同攻击防护机制	基于攻击路径的协同攻击异常发现监测指标
	VPP物理后果指标	故障失负荷数
		故障失稳数
		故障失用户数
		故障失负荷小时数
		故障失稳小时数
		故障失用户小时数
		节点连接状态
		指令执行状态
		负荷波动状态

编号	网元	安全加固策略
01	Web服务器	Web服务器恶意软件检测系统版本需要更新
02	网络安全防护系统	建议增加入侵检测系统
03	Web Server（Web服务器）、VPP MC Server（VPP管理控制平台服务器）	Web Server和、VPP M&C Server关闭不使用的端口
04	防火墙	防火墙应用控制策略应改进配置，阻断非法数据传输
05	Web服务器	修补LFI漏洞
06	VPP终端	终端漏洞需及时检测并更新、并增设软件通信双认证机制、固件升级
07	VPP M&C Server	VPP M&C Server增设隐私数据授权访问机制
08	VPP运营商服务器	设置新系统配置模板；检查已安装系统的配置
09	VPP数据存储设备	增设隐私数据授权访问机制及隐私数据保护脱敏处理机制