中国电力 ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (5): 9-19.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202410092

• “双碳”目标下支撑能源转型的电价市场化改革与价格监管 • 上一篇    下一篇

容量电价机制作用下煤电项目亏损风险区域识别研究

苑曙光1,2(), 赵小溪1(), 王华卿1,2(), 刘键烨3()   

  1. 1. 内蒙古工业大学 经济管理学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051
    2. 内蒙古能源战略研究中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051
    3. 国网能源研究院有限公司,北京 102209
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-28 修回日期:2025-01-21 发布日期:2026-05-15 出版日期:2026-05-28
  • 作者简介:
    苑曙光(1987),男,博士,讲师,从事能源经济、能源项目管理研究,E-mail:364908976@qq.com
    赵小溪(1999),女,硕士研究生,从事能源经济研究,E-mail:2448789432@qq.com
    王华卿(1993),男,通信作者,博士,讲师,从事电碳协同、运行优化研究,E-mail:whq_imut@163.com
    刘键烨(1993),男,博士,经济师,从事能源电力数字经济研究,E-mail:1845305955@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区社会科学基金资助项目(2024EY35);内蒙古工业大学科研启动金项目(BS2025028);内蒙古自治区研究生科研创新项目(KC2024039S)。

Identification of loss-risk zones of coal-fired power projects under the capacity price mechanism

YUAN Shuguang1,2(), ZHAO Xiaoxi1(), WANG Huaqing1,2(), LIU Jianye3()   

  1. 1. School of Economics and Management, Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
    2. Mongolia Energy Strategy Research Center, Hohhot 010051, China
    3. State Grid Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 102209, China
  • Received:2024-10-28 Revised:2025-01-21 Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-05-28
  • Supported by:
    This work is supported byInner Mongolia Autonomous Region Social Science Foundation Project (No.2024EY35), Natural Science Foundation Project of Mongolia University of Technology (No.ZZ202110), Ph.D. Initiation Fund Project of Mongolia University of Technology (No.BS2021041).

摘要:

基于容量电价政策导向,在充分评价各区域煤电项目亏损风险区域的基础上优化煤电项目的市场化机制,对构建清洁、安全、经济、灵活的新型电力系统具有重要意义。本文以3类典型煤电机组为研究对象,引入等效机组概念提出改进区域煤电平准化度电成本(levelized cost of electricity,LCOE)模型,测算并比较引入容量电价前后省域煤电机组度电成本。在此基础上,设计煤电机组投资收益率模型,依据现行上网电价并结合容量电价政策识别区域煤电机组的收益—风险区域。结果显示:容量电价机制引入后,对区域煤电平准化发电成本产生了显著影响,推动该成本水平整体下降;与此同时,区域煤电机组的平均收益区间向上调整。值得注意的是,西部与东北地区的煤电项目收益水平仍较低,这表明此类项目在运营过程中仍面临亏损可能性,需对其经营风险予以关注。研究结果可为区域煤电价格制定提供理论支撑,同时也为煤电市场化改革提供决策依据。

关键词: 煤电, 容量电价, 区域LCOE, 投资收益, 风险

Abstract:

Guided by the capacity price policy, it is of great significance for building a clean, safe, economical and flexible new power system to optimize the market-oriented mechanism of coal-fired power projects on the basis of fully evaluating the loss-risk zones of coal-fired power projects in various regions. Taking three typical coal-fired power units as research objects, this paper proposes an improved coal-fired power regional levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) model by introducing the concept of equivalent units, so as to calculate and compare the LCOE of provincial coal-fired power units before and after the introduction of capacity price. On this basis, an investment return rate model for coal-fired power units is constructed, and the return-risk zones of regional coal-fired power units are calculated according to the current on-grid electricity price combined with the capacity price policy. The results show that the introduction of the capacity price mechanism has exerted a significant impact on the regional LCOE of coal-fired power, driving an overall declines in this cost level. Meanwhile, the average return range of regional coal-fired power units has been adjusted upward. Notably, the return levels of coal-fired power projects in western and northeastern China remain relatively low, indicating that such projects still face the possibility of losses during operation and their operational risks require attention. The research results can provide theoretical support for the formulation of regional coal-fired power prices and also serve as a decision-making basis for the market-oriented reform of coal-fired power.

Key words: coal-fired power, capacity price, regional LCOE, return on investment, risk


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