风电机组叶片防除冰关键技术研究综述与展望

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202509033

中国电力 ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (3): 103-113.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202509033

风电机组叶片防除冰关键技术研究综述与展望

严新荣¹(), 童跃平¹(), 马奎超¹(), 朱春玲²(), 谭丽坪¹(), 朱非环¹(), 徐思达¹(), 宋胜男¹()

1. 华电电力科学研究院有限公司，浙江杭州　310030
2. 南京航空航天大学航空学院，江苏南京　211106

收稿日期:2025-09-15 修回日期:2026-02-03 发布日期:2026-03-16 出版日期:2026-03-28
作者简介:
严新荣（1972），男，通信作者，硕士，高级工程师（教授级），从事新能源、储能及多能互补能源系统研究，E-mail：xinrong-yan@chder.com
童跃平（1982），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事风力发电机组设计及技术研究，E-mail：838577123@qq.com
马奎超（1989），男，博士，工程师，从事风电场优化设计、控制策略及智慧运维研究，E-mail：kch.ma@qq.com
朱春玲（1968），女，教授，从事研究飞行器环境控制研究，E-mail：clzhu@nuaa.edu.cn
谭丽坪（1998），女，硕士，工程师，从事风电机组防除冰技术研究，E-mail：liping-tan@chder.com
朱非环（1998），男，硕士，从事风电机组防除冰技术研究，E-mail：839864941@qq.com
徐思达（1993），男，硕士，工程师，从事新能源功率预测与极端天气预测研究，E-mail：sida-xu@chder.com
宋胜男（1989），女，硕士，高级工程师，从事风力发电技术研究，E-mail：785746212@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目（2024YFB4205600）。

Review and prospect of key technologies for anti/de-icing technologies of wind turbine blades

YAN Xinrong¹(), TONG Yueping¹(), MA Kuichao¹(), ZHU Chunling²(), TAN Liping¹(), ZHU Feihuan¹(), XU Sida¹(), SONG Shengnan¹()

1. Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310030, China
2. College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China

Received:2025-09-15 Revised:2026-02-03 Online:2026-03-16 Published:2026-03-28
Supported by:
This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2024YFB4205600).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

风电机组叶片覆冰会导致功率损失，影响机组安全以及电网稳定性。通过叶片覆冰预测以及防除冰措施，可以降低覆冰气候环境对于风电机组的影响，有助于保障风电机组安全稳定运行。因此，综述了风电机组叶片覆冰预测和防除冰技术的关键问题、研究现状及发展趋势，阐述了覆冰形成的机理及危害，归纳了覆冰预测的机理模型法与数据驱动法，分析了被动式防除冰技术、主动式除冰技术及协同防除冰技术的特点，并对比了各类技术的优缺点与风险，为风电机组叶片防除冰技术的进一步发展提供了重要参考。

关键词: 风电机组, 叶片覆冰, 功率损失, 防除冰

Abstract:

Ice accumulation on wind turbine blades can lead to power loss, affecting the safety of the units and the stability of the power grid. Through ice accumulation prediction on blades and ice prevention and removal measures, the impact of icy climatic environments on wind turbines can be reduced, which helps ensure the safe and stable operation of wind turbines. This paper reviews the key issues, research status, and development trends of icing prediction and anti/de-icing technologies for wind turbine blades, expounds on the mechanism and hazards of ice formation, summarizes the mechanism model method and data-driven method for ice accumulation prediction, analyzes the characteristics of passive ice prevention and removal technologies, active ice removal technologies, and collaborative ice prevention and removal technologies, and compares the advantages, disadvantages, and risks of various technologies. It provides an important reference for the further development of ice prevention and removal technologies for wind turbine blades.

Key words: wind turbine, blade icing, power loss, anti/de-icing

严新荣, 童跃平, 马奎超, 朱春玲, 谭丽坪, 朱非环, 徐思达, 宋胜男. 风电机组叶片防除冰关键技术研究综述与展望[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(3): 103-113.

YAN Xinrong, TONG Yueping, MA Kuichao, ZHU Chunling, TAN Liping, ZHU Feihuan, XU Sida, SONG Shengnan. Review and prospect of key technologies for anti/de-icing technologies of wind turbine blades[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59(3): 103-113.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202509033

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V59/I3/103

图/表 2

参考文献 67

1	叶婧, 周广浩, 张磊, 等. 考虑馈线交叉规避的海上风电场海缆路径优化[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56 (6): 167- 175.
	YE Jing, ZHOU Guanghao, ZHANG Lei, et al. Path optimization of submarine cables for offshore wind farm considering feeder crossing avoidance[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56 (6): 167- 175.
2	王冠朝, 霍雨翀, 李群, 等. 基于深度强化学习与改进Jensen模型的风电场功率优化[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58 (4): 78- 89.
	WANG Guanchao, HUO Yuchong, LI Qun, et al. Power optimization of wind farms based on improved Jensen model and deep reinforcement learning[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58 (4): 78- 89.
3	王耀函, 张扬帆, 赵庆旭, 等. 低电压穿越过程中风电机组载荷特性联合仿真研究[J]. 发电技术, 2024, 45 (4): 705- 715.
	WANG Yaohan, ZHANG Yangfan, ZHAO Qingxu, et al. Joint simulation study on load characteristics of wind turbines in low voltage ride through process[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2024, 45 (4): 705- 715.
4	李存义, 马乐, 苏建辉, 等. 大型在役风电机组叶片电热防覆冰关键技术研究与应用[J]. 能源科技, 2023, 21 (6): 66- 69.
	LI Cunyi, MA Le, SU Jianhui, et al. Research and application of key technologies for blades electrothermal anti-icing of large-scale in-service wind turbine[J]. Energy Science and Technology, 2023, 21 (6): 66- 69.
5	沈贺, 陈田. 风力发电机叶片结冰状况研究综述[J]. 上海电机学院学报, 2021, 24 (1): 1- 5.
	SHEN He, CHEN Tian. A review on the icing status of wind turbine blades[J]. Journal of Shanghai Dianji University, 2021, 24 (1): 1- 5.
6	成和祥, 行九晖, 刘杰, 等. 风电机组叶片覆冰形成原因及覆冰防治概述[J]. 电力设备管理, 2021 (6): 104- 107.
	CHENG Hexiang, XING Jiuhui, LIU Jie, et al. An overview of the causes of icing on wind turbine blades and the prevention and control of icing[J]. Electric Power Equipment Management, 2021 (6): 104- 107.
7	王少华, 何坚, 张永, 等. 架空输电线路覆冰拉力基准值确定方法研究[J]. 浙江电力, 2025, 44 (5): 120- 127.
	WANG Shaohua, HE Jian, ZHANG Yong, et al. Research on a method for determining the reference values of icing tension on overhead transmission lines[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power, 2025, 44 (5): 120- 127.
8	朱永灿, 舒新, 田毅, 等. 微地形区OPGW地线不均匀覆冰计算模型改进方法[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56 (3): 55- 63.
	ZHU Yongcan, SHU Xin, TIAN Yi, et al. Research on the improvement method of OPGW ground uneven icing calculation model under micro-terrain[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56 (3): 55- 63.
9	王传琦, 伍历文, 邓志斌, 等. 时间累积架空输电线路覆冰预测模型与算法综述[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57 (6): 153- 164,234.
	WANG Chuanqi, WU Liwen, DENG Zhibin, et al. Review of icing prediction model and algorithm for overhead transmission lines considering time cumulative effects[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57 (6): 153- 164,234.
10	王之东, 袁凌, 王小虎, 等. 叶片覆冰对风电机组关键结构安全性的影响[J]. 水电能源科学, 2021, 39 (5): 184- 188.
	WANG Zhidong, YUAN Ling, WANG Xiaohu, et al. Effect of blades icing on safety of key structures of wind turbine[J]. Water Resources and Power, 2021, 39 (5): 184- 188.
11	陈雅芳. 输电线路绝缘子覆冰预测及防护方法综述[J]. 山东电力技术, 2023, 50 (3): 48- 56.
	CHEN Yafang. Review on prediction and protection methods of ice coating on insulators of transmission lines[J]. Shandong Electric Power, 2023, 50 (3): 48- 56.
12	林顺富, 应子涵, 谭津, 等. 考虑供能风险的电-气综合能源系统优化规划方法[J]. 浙江电力, 2025, 44 (11): 14- 24.
	LIN Shunfu, YING Zihan, TAN Jin, et al. An optimal planning method for integrated electricity-gas systems considering energy supply risks[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power, 2025, 44 (11): 14- 24.
13	阳薇, 秦川, 曾毓琳, 等. 桂北低温冰冻天气对高山风力发电的影响分析[J]. 南方能源建设, 2025, 12 (6): 142- 151.
	YANG Wei, QIN Chuan, ZENG Yulin, et al. Analysis of the impact of low temperature and freezing weather in northern Guangxi on high-altitude wind power generation[J]. Southern Energy Construction, 2025, 12 (6): 142- 151.
14	闵光云, 赵鑫, 刘小会. 架空覆冰输电线路舞动研究进展[J]. 南方能源建设, 2023, 10 (5): 116- 128.
	MIN Guangyun, ZHAO Xin, LIU Xiaohui. Research progress of galloping of overhead iced transmission lines[J]. Southern Energy Construction, 2023, 10 (5): 116- 128.
15	田书欣, 苏鹏斌, 赵昊星, 等. 冰灾场景下考虑无人机应用的综合能源系统韧性提升方法[J]. 浙江电力, 2025, 44 (11): 1- 13.
	TIAN Shuxin, SU Pengbin, ZHAO Haoxing, et al. A resilience enhancement method for integrated energy systems considering UAV response in ice storm scenarios[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power, 2025, 44 (11): 1- 13.
16	姚磊, 迟兴江, 张雷, 等. 基于小型移动机器人的高压架空输电线路融冰技术[J]. 电测与仪表, 2024, 61 (12): 34- 41.
	YAO Lei, CHI Xingjiang, ZHANG Lei, et al. Melting technology for high-voltage overhead transmission lines based on small mobile robot[J]. Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation, 2024, 61 (12): 34- 41.
17	孙天杰, 林济铿, 罗萍萍. 基于舞动幅值的覆冰输电线路舞动停运概率计算[J]. 电测与仪表, 2025, 62 (3): 85- 94.
	SUN Tianjie, LIN Jikeng, LUO Pingping. Calculation of galloping outage probability of ice-covered transmission lines based on galloping amplitude[J]. Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation, 2025, 62 (3): 85- 94.
18	何勇军, 孙国磊, 张斌, 等. 架空输电线路舞动风险定量评价方法研究[J]. 山东电力技术, 2025, 52 (7): 97- 104.
	HE Yongjun, SUN Guolei, ZHANG Bin, et al. Research on quantitative evaluation method for galloping risk of overhead transmission lines[J]. Shandong Electric Power, 2025, 52 (7): 97- 104.
19	朱永清, 林佳宁, 李庆生, 等. 冰灾下考虑多重不确定性的负荷聚合商市场力评估方法[J]. 浙江电力, 2024, 43 (1): 64- 71.
	ZHU Yongqing, LIN Jianing, LI Qingsheng, et al. A market power assessment method for load aggregators considering multiple uncertainties under ice disasters[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power, 2024, 43 (1): 64- 71.
20	胡琴, 王欢, 舒立春, 等. 覆冰条件下风力发电机叶片防/除冰方法综述[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39 (17): 5482- 5496.
	HU Qin, WANG Huan, SHU Lichun, et al. Review of anti-/ de-icing methods for wind turbine blades under icing conditions[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39 (17): 5482- 5496.
21	孟丹, 陈正洪, 许杨, 等. 极端天气对风电开发全过程的影响及应对策略[J]. 南方能源建设, 2025, 12 (2): 1- 14.
	MENG Dan, CHEN Zhenghong, XU Yang, et al. The impact of extreme weather on the entire process of wind power development and response strategies[J]. Southern Energy Construction, 2025, 12 (2): 1- 14.
22	许杨, 陈正洪. 风电场风机覆冰期预报方法[J]. 气象科技, 2021, 49 (6): 923- 929.
	XU Yang, CHEN Zhenghong. Method for forecasting duration of wind turbine icing in wind farms[J]. Meteorological Science and Technology, 2021, 49 (6): 923- 929.
23	陈正洪, 贺莉微. 风电场风机覆冰气象研究及预警服务[J]. 内蒙古电力技术, 2025, 43 (2): 3- 11.
	CHEN Zhenghong, HE Liwei. Meteorological research and early warning services for wind turbine icing in wind farms[J]. Inner Mongolia Electric Power, 2025, 43 (2): 3- 11.
24	YIRTICI O, OZGEN S, TUNCER I H. Predictions of ice formations on wind turbine blades and power production losses due to icing[J]. Wind Energy, 2019, 22 (7): 945- 958.
25	刘丽萍, 刘德坤, 邓搏, 等. 数据驱动的柔性直流继电保护自适应测试方法[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58 (11): 186- 192, 204.
	LIU Liping, LIU Dekun, DENG Bo, et al. A data-driven adaptive testing method for flexible DC relay protection[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58 (11): 186- 192, 204.
26	林泓宏, 余涛, 张桂源, 等. 基于数据驱动的高比例新能源配电网无功优化算法[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2023, 45 (11): 10- 19.
	LIN Honghong, YU Tao, ZHANG Guiyuan, et al. Data-driven reactive power optimization algorithm for the distribution network with high proportion of renewable energy[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2023, 45 (11): 10- 19.
27	许训炜, 沈希澄, 周霞, 等. 基于数据驱动的源网荷储协同控制系统网络攻击关联性分析[J]. 浙江电力, 2023, 42 (2): 76- 82.
	XU Xunwei, SHEN Xicheng, ZHOU Xia, et al. A data-driven correlation analysis of cyberattack on coordinated source-networkload-storage control system[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power, 2023, 42 (2): 76- 82.
28	李奕杰, 宋恒, 叶晨晖, 等. 基于融合模型驱动和数据驱动的电动汽车充电负荷预测[J]. 湖南电力, 2023, 43 (3): 9- 15.
	LI Yijie, SONG Heng, YE Chenhui, et al. EV charging load forecasting based on model driven and data driven[J]. Hunan Electric Power, 2023, 43 (3): 9- 15.
29	熊昌全, 何泽其, 张宇宁, 等. 基于Bi-LSTM和支持向量机的风机叶片短期覆冰状态预测模型[J]. 四川电力技术, 2021, 44 (3): 88- 94.
	XIONG Changquan, HE Zeqi, ZHANG Yuning, et al. Short-term icing status prediction model of wind turbine blades based on Bi-LSTM and SVM models[J]. Sichuan Electric Power Technology, 2021, 44 (3): 88- 94.
30	于童, 李英娜. 基于Attention-WOA-BiLSTM的输电塔线路等值覆冰厚度预测模型[J]. 数据通信, 2023 (1): 48- 54.
31	韩斌, 曾志祥, 孔繁新, 等. 基于多层感知器神经网络的风机叶片覆冰预测模型研究[J/OL]. 发电技术, 1–9[2026-01-03]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/33.1405.tk.20250121.1532.002.
	HAN Bin, ZENG Zhixiang, KONG Fanxin, et al. Research on wind turbine blade ice accretion prediction model based on multi-yayer perceptron neural network[J/OL]. Power Generation Technology, 1–9[2026-01-03]. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/33.1405.tk.20250121.1532.002.
32	KREUTZ M, ALLA A A, VARASTEH K, et al. Convolutional neural network with dual inputs for time series ice prediction on rotor blades of wind turbines[J]. Procedia CIRP, 2021, 104, 446- 451.
33	李大中, 刘家瑞, 张华英. 基于深度全连接神经网络的风机叶片结冰预测方法[J]. 电力科学与工程, 2019, 35 (4): 39- 44.
	LI Dazhong, LIU Jiarui, ZHANG Huaying. Prediction method of fan blade icing based on deep fully connected neural network[J]. Electric Power Science and Engineering, 2019, 35 (4): 39- 44.
34	孟杭, 黄细霞, 刘娟, 等. 基于迁移学习的风机叶片结冰预测方法[J]. 传感器与微系统, 2020, 39 (12): 40- 42.
	MENG Hang, HUANG Xixia, LIU Juan, et al. Icing prediction of wind turbine blade based on transfer learning[J]. Transducer and Microsystem Technologies, 2020, 39 (12): 40- 42.
35	陈标, 何建军, 揭军, 等. 南方高湿环境下风电机组叶片覆冰机制及防冰涂层研究[J]. 风能, 2020 (4): 68- 72.
36	王宇辰, 高志强, 贾建文, 等. 风机叶片新型耐磨超疏水涂层的防覆冰性能研究[J]. 材料保护, 2024, 57 (4): 56- 62.
	WANG Yuchen, GAO Zhiqiang, JIA Jianwen, et al. Study on the anti-icing property of a new type wear-resistant superhydrophobic coating on fan blades[J]. Materials Protection, 2024, 57 (4): 56- 62.
37	陆文明, 周如东, 唐雪涛, 等. 涂层表面微观结构对风电叶片涂料防覆冰性能影响研究[J]. 涂料工业, 2024, 54 (S1): 68- 74.
	LU Wenming, ZHOU Rudong, TANG Xuetao, et al. Effect of coating surface microstructure on anti-icing properties of wind power blade coatings[J]. Paint & Coatings Industry, 2024, 54 (S1): 68- 74.
38	冯放, 沈虎, 赵宏伟, 等. 超疏水MoS₂ 纳米涂层叶片防覆冰特性研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2021, 42 (5): 1168- 1175.
	FENG Fang, SHEN Hu, ZHAO Hongwei, et al. Research on anti-icing characteristics of super-hydrophobic MoS₂ nano-coated blade[J]. Journal Of Engineering Thermophysics, 2021, 42 (5): 1168- 1175.
39	王喆, 沈一洲, 刘森云, 等. 低冰粘附力涂层的设计与制备技术研究进展[J]. 表面技术, 2021, 50 (8): 18- 27.
	WANG Zhe, SHEN Yizhou, LIU Senyun, et al. Research progress in the design and fabrication technology of low-ice-adhesion coatings[J]. Surface Technology, 2021, 50 (8): 18- 27.
40	ZHANG J L, GU C D, TU J P. Robust slippery coating with superior corrosion resistance and anti-icing performance for AZ31B Mg alloy protection[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2017, 9 (12): 11247- 11257.
41	WANG Z, GUO Zhiguang. Biomimetic self-slippery and transferable transparent lubricant-infused functional surf aces[J]. Nanoscale, 2018, 10 (42): 19879- 19889.
42	CUI W J, PAKKANEN T A. Icephobic performance of one-step silicone-oil-infused slippery coatings: Effects of surface energy, oil and nanoparticle contents[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2020, 558, 251- 258.
43	GOLOVIN K, DHYANI A, THOULESS M D, et al. Low-interfacial toughness materials for effective large-scale deicing[J]. Science, 2019, 364 (6438): 371- 375.
44	LI R Q, TIAN S, TIAN Y Q, et al. An extreme-environment-resistant self-healing anti-icing coating[J]. Small, 2023, 19 (10): 2206075.
45	张彩宁, 黄静寰, 卢俊龙, 等. 具有光热性能的多孔PDMS疏水涂层制备及其防冰/除冰性能[J]. 纺织高校基础科学学报, 2024, 37 (6): 53- 61.
	ZHANG Caining, HUANG Jinghuan, LU Junlong, et al. Preparation of porous PDMS hydrophobic coatings with photothermal properties and their anti-icing/de-icing properties[J]. Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities, 2024, 37 (6): 53- 61.
46	彭慧璇, 兰金鑫, 杨海涛, 等. 基于光热效应的主动抗冰涂层的制备及其性能研究[J]. 中国涂料, 2022, 37 (4): 31- 36, 48.
	PENG Huixuan, LAN Jinxin, YANG Haitao, et al. Preparation and properties of active anti-icing coatings based on photothermal effect[J]. China Coatings, 2022, 37 (4): 31- 36, 48.
47	牛一凡, 石朋琳, 姚佳伟, 等. 基于双线圈驱动的电脉冲除冰系统设计及多材料动力响应与除冰研究[J]. 高电压技术, 2024, 50 (12): 5630- 5637.
	NIU Yifan, SHI Penglin, YAO Jiawei, et al. Design of electric pulse deicing system based on double coil drive and study of multi-material dynamic response and de-icing[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2024, 50 (12): 5630- 5637.
48	HAO L, LI Q Y, PAN W C, et al. Icing detection and evaluation of the electro-impulse de-icing system based on infrared images processing[J]. Infrared Physics & Technology, 2020, 109, 103424.
49	陈宇. 风机叶片电脉冲除冰方法与脱冰准则研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2023.
	CHEN Yu. Study on electro-impulse de-icing for wind turbine blades and de-icing criteria[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2023.
50	WANG Y Y, JIANG X L. Design research and experimental verification of the electro-impulse de-icing system for wind turbine blades in the Xuefeng Mountain natural icing station[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8, 28915- 28924.
51	倪一帆, 张作贵, 符锐. 风力发电机叶片覆冰机理及防冻除冰技术的研究进展[J]. 发电设备, 2023, 37 (4): 223- 229.
	NI Yifan, ZHANG Zuogui, FU Rui. Review of icing mechanism and anti-icing/de-icing techniques for wind-generator set blade[J]. Power Equipment, 2023, 37 (4): 223- 229.
52	谭海辉, 李录平, 靳攀科, 等. 风力机叶片超声波除冰理论与方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2010, 30 (35): 112- 117.
	TAN Haihui, LI Luping, JIN Panke, et al. Ultrasonic de-icing theory and method for wind turbine blades[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2010, 30 (35): 112- 117.
53	WANG Y B, XU Y M, SU F. Damage accumulation model of ice detach behavior in ultrasonic de-icing technology[J]. Renewable Energy, 2020, 153, 1396- 1405.
54	张莹博, 单光华, 王飞, 等. 风电机组叶片覆冰预测和防覆冰技术综述[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2024 (8): 119- 128.
	ZHANG Yingbo, SHAN Guanghua, WANG Fei, et al. Review of prediction and prevention techniques for wind turbine blade icing[J]. Composites Science and Engineering, 2024 (8): 119- 128.
55	于周, 舒立春, 胡琴, 等. 风机叶片气动脉冲除冰结构脱冰计算模型及试验验证[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38 (13): 3630- 3639.
	YU Zhou, SHU Lichun, HU Qin, et al. De-icing calculation model of pneumatic impulse de-icing structure for wind turbine blades and experiment verification[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38 (13): 3630- 3639.
56	于周, 舒立春, 胡琴, 等. 覆冰厚度对气动脉冲除冰效果影响的数值仿真与试验验证[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39 (3): 844- 851.
	YU Zhou, SHU Lichun, HU Qin, et al. Numerical simulation and experimental verification of the influences of icing thicknesses on pneumatic impulse de-icing effects[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39 (3): 844- 851.
57	彭穗, 李峰, 王彦峰, 等. 考虑极热极寒日的高比例风电电力系统备用容量规划[J]. 广东电力, 2025, 38 (10): 1- 13.
	PENG Sui, LI Feng, WANG Yanfeng, et al. Reserve capacity planning for high-proportion wind power systems considering extremely hot and cold days[J]. Guangdong Electric Power, 2025, 38 (10): 1- 13.
58	朱程香, 王珑, 孙志国, 等. 风力机叶片翼型的结冰数值模拟研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2011, 29 (4): 522- 528.
	ZHU Chengxiang, WANG Long, SUN Zhiguo, et al. Numerical study of wind turbine blade airfoil ice accretion[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2011, 29 (4): 522- 528.
59	刘森云, 沈一洲, 朱春玲, 等. 液滴撞击超疏水表面的能量耗散机制[J]. 航空学报, 2017, 38 (2): 91- 99.
	LIU Senyun, SHEN Yizhou, ZHU Chunling, et al. Energy dissipation mechanism of droplets impacting superhydrophobic surfaces[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2017, 38 (2): 91- 99.
60	边庆勇, 朱程香, 谢文龙, 等. 均匀气流中水滴变形过程的数值模拟[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2024, 42 (12): 64- 77.
	BIAN Qingyong, ZHU Chengxiang, XIE Wenlong, et al. Numerical simulation of droplet deformation in uniform airflow[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2024, 42 (12): 64- 77.
61	赵伟伟, 朱春玲, 陶明杰, 等. 超声导波技术用于飞机结冰探测的实验研究[J]. 压电与声光, 2018, 40 (2): 269- 275.
	ZHAO Weiwei, ZHU Chunling, TAO Mingjie, et al. Experimental study on ultrasonic guided wave technology for aircraft icing detection[J]. Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics, 2018, 40 (2): 269- 275.
62	王渊, 张杨, 王岩, 等. 蒙皮-冰层界面融化脱粘超声探测[J]. 西北工业大学学报, 2025, 43 (2): 241- 249.
	WANG Yuan, ZHANG Yang, WANG Yan, et al. Ultrasonic detection of melting and debonding of interface between skin and ice layer[J]. Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 2025, 43 (2): 241- 249.
63	彭兰清, 卫建勋, 陈诺, 等. 基于超疏水表层的石墨烯电热除冰实验研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21 (15): 6513- 6518.
	PENG Lanqing, WEI Jianxun, CHEN Nuo, et al. Experimental study on graphene electrothermal deicing based on superhydrophobic surface[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2021, 21 (15): 6513- 6518.
64	于大川, 王敬鑫, 王渊, 等. 复合材料表面超疏水-电热防除冰实验研究[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报, 2024, 56 (2): 327- 333.
	YU Dachuan, WANG Jingxin, WANG Yuan, et al. Experimental study on superhydrophobic electrothermal anti-icing and de-icing on composite surface[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2024, 56 (2): 327- 333.
65	田甜, 王渊, 陶明杰, 等. 石墨烯复合材料电热除冰实验研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2019, 19 (28): 390- 395.
	TIAN Tian, WANG Yuan, TAO Mingjie, et al. Experimental study on electro-thermal de-icing of graphene composites[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2019, 19 (28): 390- 395.
66	赵斌, 廖静, 任延杰, 等. 风力机叶片覆冰机理与防除冰技术研究进展[J]. 排灌机械工程学报, 2023, 41 (12): 1237- 1245.
	ZHAO Bin, LIAO Jing, REN Yanjie, et al. Research progress on icing mechanism and anti-icing technology of wind turbine blades[J]. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering, 2023, 41 (12): 1237- 1245.
67	李伟, 李志刚, 李显树, 等. 2 MW风电机组叶片防除冰试验与能耗评估[J]. 可再生能源, 2024, 42 (5): 634- 639.
	LI Wei, LI Zhigang, LI Xianshu, et al. Blade anti-icing/de-icing test and energy consumption evaluation of 2 MW wind turbine[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2024, 42 (5): 634- 639.

序号	除冰方法	优点	缺点	风险点
1	超疏水涂层	1）施工简单 2）安全、易维护 3）可延迟结冰时间	1）防覆冰效果有限，不适用于覆冰严重风场 2）易磨损，使用寿命短	1）仅延缓结冰，无法阻止重度覆冰 2）实际应用中需频繁修复，增加运维成本
2	疏冰涂层	1）施工简单 2）安全、易维护	1）低温失效，在低温度下存在结冰风险 2）易磨损，使用寿命短	磨损后影响防除冰性能
3	深色涂层	1）施工简单 2）安全、易维护 3）无需外部能源	1）阴天或低温失效，在低温度下存在结冰风险 2）易磨损，使用寿命短	1）磨损后，防除冰性能下降 2）夏天高温时可能因光热效应导致叶片过热，对叶片结构安全性产生不利影响
4	电脉冲法	功耗低，除冰速度快	1）无防冰功能 2）容易对叶片造成疲劳损伤 3）改造难度大	1）高电压系统存在电气安全与电磁干扰风险 2）增加雷击风险
5	超声波法	高效节能，环保无污染	设备成本高，安装复杂，技术不成熟	需在叶片内部实施，可能会影响叶片的重量、材料和平衡
6	气动脉冲法	1）功耗低，效果好 2）无雷击风险	1）无防冰功能 2）冰厚度适应性差，低温环节性能衰减 3）工艺路线在叶片上很难实现	反复高压冲击可能引发复合材料疲劳损伤
7	电加热法	1）除冰效果良好 2）可分区加热，优化策略降低能耗	1）功耗较高 2）施工难度大 3）现有方案可靠性不高	1）增加雷击风险 2）维护难度大
8	气热法	1）对于小叶片除冰效果良好 2）施工方案相对简单 3）可以采用防冰和除冰相结合的控制策略	1）除冰效果随叶片长度增加而降低，不适用于长柔叶片 2）能耗高，效率低，加热缓慢 3）无法分区加热 4）对叶片本体结构有要求，需要在内腔形成气流循环通道	1）内腔温度过高，影响叶片寿命 2）气热管道重量较重，存在结构安全风险
9	红外辐射	1）环保清洁、易维护对加热表面损害小 2）效率高	1）所需能耗较大，设备成本高 2）需征地放置设备	1）设备需露天固定安装，存在损坏风险 2）需精准定位照射角度，偏移可能导致局部过热
10	液流融冰	可快速应急，除冰快	1）有效防护时间短，成本高 2）不适用于连续长时间覆冰气候	材料可能污染土壤

序号	除冰方法	优点	缺点	风险点
1	超疏水涂层	1）施工简单 2）安全、易维护 3）可延迟结冰时间	1）防覆冰效果有限，不适用于覆冰严重风场 2）易磨损，使用寿命短	1）仅延缓结冰，无法阻止重度覆冰 2）实际应用中需频繁修复，增加运维成本
2	疏冰涂层	1）施工简单 2）安全、易维护	1）低温失效，在低温度下存在结冰风险 2）易磨损，使用寿命短	磨损后影响防除冰性能
3	深色涂层	1）施工简单 2）安全、易维护 3）无需外部能源	1）阴天或低温失效，在低温度下存在结冰风险 2）易磨损，使用寿命短	1）磨损后，防除冰性能下降 2）夏天高温时可能因光热效应导致叶片过热，对叶片结构安全性产生不利影响
4	电脉冲法	功耗低，除冰速度快	1）无防冰功能 2）容易对叶片造成疲劳损伤 3）改造难度大	1）高电压系统存在电气安全与电磁干扰风险 2）增加雷击风险
5	超声波法	高效节能，环保无污染	设备成本高，安装复杂，技术不成熟	需在叶片内部实施，可能会影响叶片的重量、材料和平衡
6	气动脉冲法	1）功耗低，效果好 2）无雷击风险	1）无防冰功能 2）冰厚度适应性差，低温环节性能衰减 3）工艺路线在叶片上很难实现	反复高压冲击可能引发复合材料疲劳损伤
7	电加热法	1）除冰效果良好 2）可分区加热，优化策略降低能耗	1）功耗较高 2）施工难度大 3）现有方案可靠性不高	1）增加雷击风险 2）维护难度大
8	气热法	1）对于小叶片除冰效果良好 2）施工方案相对简单 3）可以采用防冰和除冰相结合的控制策略	1）除冰效果随叶片长度增加而降低，不适用于长柔叶片 2）能耗高，效率低，加热缓慢 3）无法分区加热 4）对叶片本体结构有要求，需要在内腔形成气流循环通道	1）内腔温度过高，影响叶片寿命 2）气热管道重量较重，存在结构安全风险
9	红外辐射	1）环保清洁、易维护对加热表面损害小 2）效率高	1）所需能耗较大，设备成本高 2）需征地放置设备	1）设备需露天固定安装，存在损坏风险 2）需精准定位照射角度，偏移可能导致局部过热
10	液流融冰	可快速应急，除冰快	1）有效防护时间短，成本高 2）不适用于连续长时间覆冰气候	材料可能污染土壤

[1]	丁一, 王春亮, 席跃伟, 胡文燕, 杨志平, 郭喜燕. 630 MW超临界供汽热电联产机组收益计算[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(1): 76-83.
[2]	宁宇杰, 胡书举, 陈怡静, 李春华, 李丰林, 赵大伟. 基于LLC谐振型变换器的海上直流风电机组电压源等效模型[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(1): 143-152.
[3]	陈小乾, 尹亮, 展宗辉, 王放, 李旭涛. 基于注意力机制和RCN-BiLSTM融合的风电机组故障识别[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(8): 94-102.
[4]	季湛洋, 胡阳, 孔令行, 宋子秋, 邓丹, 刘吉臻. 考虑多领域耦合特性的风电机组一次调频动态建模与仿真[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(4): 56-67.
[5]	王晓东, 李清, 付德义, 刘颖明, 王若瑾. 基于卷积双向长短期记忆网络的风电机组传动系统疲劳载荷预测[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(4): 90-97.
[6]	李丹, 秦世耀, 李少林, 贺敬. 基于混沌粒子群的双馈风电机组LVRT实测建模及暂态参数辨识[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(8): 75-84.
[7]	赵晶晶, 杜明, 刘帅, 李梓博, 马闻鹤. 基于模型预测控制的双馈风电机组调频与转子转速恢复策略[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(6): 11-17.
[8]	李博浩, 郭昆丽, 吕家君, 蔡维正, 刘璐豪, 刘凤仪, 郝翊帆. 弱电网下改进LADRC抑制直驱风机次同步振荡研究[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(4): 56-67.
[9]	李冰, 白云山, 赵宽, 郭聪彬, 翟永杰. 基于HSCA-YOLOv7的风电机组叶片表面缺陷检测算法[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(10): 43-52.
[10]	马海飞, 滕伟, 彭迪康, 柳亦兵, 靳涛. 基于DRS与改进Autogram的风电齿轮箱复合故障特征提取[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(10): 71-79.
[11]	王磊, 柳亦兵, 滕伟, 黄心伟, 刘剑韬. 风电机组叶片无损检测技术研究与进展[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(10): 80-95.
[12]	吴宇辉, 张扬帆, 高峰, 王玙, 王耀函, 杨伟新, 张鸿. 基于工作模态分析的风电机组叶片裂纹损伤在线监测研究[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(10): 106-114.
[13]	王宇航, 王文玲, 周绪红, 王康, 罗崯滔. 海上风电机组格构式浮式基础结构优化及响应分析[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55(5): 21-31.
[14]	滕伟, 黄乙珂, 吴仕明, 柳亦兵. 基于XGBoost与LSTM的风力发电机绕组温度预测[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(6): 95-103.
[15]	杨蕾, 王智超, 周鑫, 李胜男, 和鹏, 向川, 张杰, 王德林. 大规模双馈风电机组并网频率稳定控制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(5): 186-194.

风电机组叶片防除冰关键技术研究综述与展望

Review and prospect of key technologies for anti/de-icing technologies of wind turbine blades

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 2

参考文献 67

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

模态框（Modal）标题

风电机组叶片防除冰关键技术研究综述与展望

Review and prospect of key technologies for anti/de-icing technologies of wind turbine blades

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 2

参考文献 67

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics