计及数据中心和风电不确定性的微电网经济调度

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311122

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

风电机组并网容量占比的不断增大为电力系统风电消纳带来了巨大挑战。数据中心作为高灵活性电负荷，具有电网风电消纳巨大潜力。因此，提出一种计及数据中心和风电不确定性的微电网经济调度模型。首先，根据数据中心的分层结构建立信息层和电力层之间的耦合模型；其次，针对风电出力不确定性，搭建计及数据中心和风电不确定性的微电网经济调度模型；最后，基于对偶理论和两阶段鲁棒优化算法，将调度模型转化为鲁棒优化模型并采用列和约束生成算法（column and constraint generation，C&CG）和对偶理论进行求解。算例结果表明：数据中心参与微电网经济调度可有效降低运行成本，同时系统运营商按需求可灵活调整风电出力不确定性。

关键词: 数据中心, 风电不确定性, 微电网经济调度, 鲁棒优化

Abstract:

The continuing increase of grid-connected wind turbines has brought huge challenges to the power system's wind power consumption. As a highly flexible electrical load, the data center has great potential for wind power consumption in the power grid. Therefore, this article proposes economic dispatch of microgrid considering data center and wind power uncertainty. Firstly, based on the hierarchical structure of the data center, a coupling model is established for the information layer and the power layer. Secondly, aiming at the uncertainty of wind power output, a microgrid economic dispatch model considering data center and wind power uncertainty is proposed. Finally, based on the dual theory and two-stage robust optimization algorithm, the dispatch model is transformed into a robust optimization model and solved using column and constraint generation (C&CG) and dual theory. The case study results show that the participation of data center in microgrid economic dispatch can effectively reduce operating costs and the system operators can flexibly adjust the uncertainty of wind power output according to demand.

Key words: data center, wind power uncertainty, economic dispatch of microgrid, robust optimization

易文飞, 朱卫平, 郑明忠. 计及数据中心和风电不确定性的微电网经济调度[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(2): 19-26.

Wenfei YI, Weiping ZHU, Mingzhong ZHENG. Economic Dispatch of Microgrid Considering Data Center and Wind Power Uncertainty[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(2): 19-26.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311122

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I2/19

图/表 12

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服务器台数/台	服务器预留台数/台	服务器电转热效率	空闲时与峰值时的功耗比值	燃气轮机最大功率/ MW	最大上爬坡功率/ (MW·h^–1)	向主网购售电最大功率/MW
80 000	4 000	0.85	0.44	30	5	30

数据负荷服务器上限值/ (台·h^–1)	数据负荷服务器下限值/ (台·h^–1)	数据负荷延时处理固定补偿/元	峰值时IT设备能耗/ MW	燃气轮机最小功率/ MW	最大下爬坡功率/ (MW·h^–1)	向主网购售电最小功率/MW
50 000	500	200	10	3	5	30

服务器台数/台	服务器预留台数/台	服务器电转热效率	空闲时与峰值时的功耗比值	燃气轮机最大功率/ MW	最大上爬坡功率/ (MW·h^–1)	向主网购售电最大功率/MW
80 000	4 000	0.85	0.44	30	5	30

数据负荷服务器上限值/ (台·h^–1)	数据负荷服务器下限值/ (台·h^–1)	数据负荷延时处理固定补偿/元	峰值时IT设备能耗/ MW	燃气轮机最小功率/ MW	最大下爬坡功率/ (MW·h^–1)	向主网购售电最小功率/MW
50 000	500	200	10	3	5	30

时段		电价/(元·(kW·h)^–1)
01:00—09:00		0.60
09:00—17:00		1.20
17:00—24:00		1.00

时段		电价/(元·(kW·h)^–1)
01:00—09:00		0.60
09:00—17:00		1.20
17:00—24:00		1.00

充放电效率	容量/(MW·h)		充放电功率/MW		初始荷电状态
充放电效率	最大	最小	最大	最小	初始荷电状态
0.9	50	0.5	10	1	0.05