计及需求响应的高比例清洁能源园区储能容量优化配置

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202302038

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了提高园区清洁能源消纳水平、储能配置经济性，提出一种考虑需求响应的高比例清洁能源园区储能容量优化配置方法。首先，建立光伏、风机、储能功率模型；其次，设计了考虑刚性、可转移、可中断负荷参与的需求响应机制，实现一定时间尺度下负荷的转移；然后，以系统总净现成本最低为优化目标，考虑入网功率波动、充放电限值等约束条件，建立储能经济配置模型。算例验证了所提方法的有效性，相比传统方法，所提配置方法可以有效降低系统经济成本并提高清洁能源消纳水平。

关键词: 储能容量配置, 负荷灵活调节能力, 入网功率变化约束, 清洁能源消纳水平, 需求响应

Abstract:

In order to improve the level of clean energy consumption and the economy of energy storage allocation in parks, an optimal allocation method for energy storage capacity of high-proportion clean energy parks considering demand response is proposed. Firstly, the photovoltaic, wind turbine, and energy storage power models are established. Secondly, a demand response mechanism considering the participation of rigid, transferable and interruptible loads is designed to realize the transfer of loads under a certain time scale. Then, taking the lowest total net present cost of the system as the optimization goal, an energy storage economic allocation model is established with consideration of the constraints such as grid-connected power fluctuations and charge & discharge limits. Case study verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the results show that compared to the traditional method, the proposed allocation method can effectively reduce the economic cost of the system and improve the level of clean energy consumption.

Key words: energy storage capacity configuration, flexible load adjustment capacity, grid-connected power change constraints, clean energy consumption level, demand response

蒋棹骏, 向月, 谈竹奎, 郭咏涛, 王扬, 周科. 计及需求响应的高比例清洁能源园区储能容量优化配置[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(12): 147-155, 163.

Zhaojun JIANG, Yue XIANG, Zhukui TAN, Yongtao GUO, Yang WANG, Ke ZHOU. Optimal Allocation of Energy Storage Capacity in High Proportion Clean Energy Parks Considering Demand Response[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56(12): 147-155, 163.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202302038

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V56/I12/147

图/表 14

图 1 全年风速数据

Fig.1 Annual wind speed data

表 1 能源设备经济技术参数

Table 1 Economic and technical parameters of energy equipment

设备名称	容量	初始成本/元	运维成本/(元·h^–1)	使用周期/年
风机	30 kW	25000	0.02	30
光伏板	1 kW	2100	0.01	25
储能电池	51.6 A·h	150		20

图 2 园区全年负荷曲线

Fig.2 Annual load curve of the park

表 2 不同时段电价参数

Table 2 Different energy price parameters

种类	时段	价格/(元·(kW·h)^–1)
电价	00:00—09:00	0.07
	10:00—12:00	0.13
	13:00—17:00	0.19
	18:00—20:00	0.13
	21:00—23:00	0.19
补偿价格	0.10

表 3 储能参数

Table 3 Energy storage parameters

额定电压/V		容量比		最大充电电流/A		最大放电电流/A		初始荷电状态/%		最大充电速率/(A·(A·h)^–1)
12		0.298		3900		4600		100		1

表 4 储能配置及系统性能情况

Table 4 Energy storage configuration and system performance

用电比例	时间颗粒度/min	储能数量/个	$ N_{\rm PC} $ /元	$ {f_{{\text{unmet }}}} $ /%	$ {f_{{\text{excess }}}} $ /%
10∶0	10	70	4651012	10.2	34.9
5∶5	10	62	4563475	30.2	33.9

图 3 不同时间颗粒度下储能容量配置情况

Fig.3 Configuration of energy storage capacity under different time granularity

图 4 不同刚柔负荷用电比例、时间颗粒度下系统经济能效运行情况

Fig.4 Economic energy efficiency operation of the system under different rigid and flexible load power ratio and time granularity

图 5 不同刚柔用电情况下系统储能配置及能效运行情况

Fig.5 System energy storage configuration and energy efficiency operation under different rigid and flexible power consumption conditions

图 6 不同刚柔用电情况下系统经济运行情况

Fig.6 Economic operation of the system under different rigid and flexible power consumption conditions

图 7 系统综合性能最优时典型日运行情况

Fig.7 Typical daily operation when the system's comprehensive performance is optimal

表 5 考虑频率标准时能源设备及经济参数

Table 5 Energy equipment and economic parameters when considering frequency standards

刚柔用电比例	额外储能/个	N_PC/元
10∶0	2549	4543287
5∶5	2453	4532387
0∶10	2479	4532787

图 8 刚柔用电比例5∶5时储能容量配置曲线

Fig.8 Energy storage capacity configuration curve when rigid and flexible power consumption ratio is 5∶5

图 9 不同刚柔用电比例对于情节能源消纳水平的影响

Fig.9 Influence of different rigid and flexible power consumption ratios on the energy consumption level of the plot

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