基于权重系数校正的火储两阶段联合调频方法

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202303041

中国电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3): 83-94.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202303041

基于权重系数校正的火储两阶段联合调频方法

王益斌¹(), 陈飞雄¹(), 邵振国¹(), 张抒凌², 张伟骏², 李智诚²

1. 福州大学电气工程与自动化学院（福建省电器智能化工程技术研究中心），福建福州　350108
2. 国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，福建福州　350007

收稿日期:2023-03-08 录用日期:2023-06-06 发布日期:2024-03-23 出版日期:2024-03-28
作者简介:王益斌（1998—），男，硕士研究生，从事火储联合调频优化控制研究，E-mail：1119632731@qq.com
陈飞雄（1990—），男，博士，副教授，从事综合能源系统协同优化控制研究，E-mail：feixiongchen@fzu.edu.cn
邵振国（1970—），男，通信作者，博士，教授，从事综合能源系统协同优化控制研究，E-mail：shao.zg@fzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目（计及多能流不确定性的多微能网耦合系统分布式协同控制，52107080）；福建省自然科学基金青创项目（基于数据驱动的综合能源系统协同优化控制方法，2021J05135）；国网福建省电力有限公司科技项目（福建电网吉瓦级储能电站运行控制技术研究，521304200059）。

Two-stage Frequency Regulation Method for Energy Storage Coordinated with Thermal Power Unit Based on Weight Coefficient Correction

Yibin WANG¹(), Feixiong CHEN¹(), Zhenguo SHAO¹(), Shuling ZHANG², Weijun ZHANG², Zhicheng LI²

1. College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University(Fujian Smart Electrical Engineering Technology Research Center), Fuzhou 350108, China
2. State Grid Fujian Electric Power Research Institute, Fuzhou 350007, China

Received:2023-03-08 Accepted:2023-06-06 Online:2024-03-23 Published:2024-03-28
Supported by:
This work is supported by National Natural Youth Science Foundation of China (Distributed Cooperative Control of Multi-micro-energy Network Coupling System Considering Multi-energy Flow Uncertainty, No.52107080), Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Data-driven Collaborative Optimization Control Method for Integrated Energy System, No.2021J05135), Technology Project of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co., Ltd. (Research on Operation Control Technology of Gigawatt Level Energy Storage Power Station in Fujian Power Grid, No.521304200059).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着不确定性可再生能源大规模并网，电网频率特性日益复杂。传统火电机组具有响应时间长、无法准确跟踪指令等问题，亟须利用储能提高火电机组参与自动发电控制（automatic generation control，AGC）调频时的调节性能。首先，针对调频考核规则，建立调频性能指标数学模型，并考虑火储系统出力特性，结合改进层次分析法校正调频子指标权重系数，以此构建以调频性能最优为目标的第一阶段优化模型；在此基础上，为了减少储能荷电状态（state of charge，SOC）越限和深度充放情况，以储能SOC偏差最小为目标构建第二阶段优化模型。仿真验证表明：所提的两阶段调频方法能够提高火储联合系统的调频性能和调频收益，同时有效减少储能深度充放情况和工作寿命损耗，提高储能辅助调频服务的可持续性。

关键词: 调频辅助服务, 储能, 自动发电控制, 改进层次分析法, 两阶段调频

Abstract:

With the large-scale uncertain renewable energy connected to the grid, the frequency characteristics of the power grid are increasingly complex. Plagued by long response times and the inability to accurately track frequency regulation commands, traditional thermal power units call for urgent improvement in the performance of its participation in frequency regulation of automatic generation control (AGC) of thermal power by use of energy storage. Therefore, firstly, the mathematical model of frequency regulation performance index is established according to frequency regulation assessment rules. Besides, considering the output characteristics of the energy storage system, combined with the improved analytic hierarchy process to correct the weight coefficient of the frequency regulation sub index, the first-stage optimization model aiming at the optimal AGC performance is constructed. On this basis, in order to reduce the limit crossing and storage depth charging & discharging cases at the state of charge (SOC), the second-stage optimization model is constructed in order to minimize the SOC deviation. The simulation verification shows that the two-stage frequency regulation method proposed in this paper can improve the frequency regulation performance and benefits of the system of energy storage coordinated with thermal power unit, while reducing the energy storage in-depth charging & discharging cases and working life loss, thus improving the sustainability of frequency regulation auxiliary service of energy storage.

Key words: frequency regulation auxiliary service, energy storage, automatic generation control, improved analytic hierarchy process, two-stage frequency regulation

王益斌, 陈飞雄, 邵振国, 张抒凌, 张伟骏, 李智诚. 基于权重系数校正的火储两阶段联合调频方法[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(3): 83-94.

Yibin WANG, Feixiong CHEN, Zhenguo SHAO, Shuling ZHANG, Weijun ZHANG, Zhicheng LI. Two-stage Frequency Regulation Method for Energy Storage Coordinated with Thermal Power Unit Based on Weight Coefficient Correction[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(3): 83-94.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202303041

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I3/83

图/表 12

图 1 储能辅助火电参与调频结构示意

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of energy storage assisted thermal power in frequency regulation

图 2 典型AGC调频过程

Fig.2 Typical AGC frequency regulation process

图 3 火储联合两阶段调频优化流程

Fig.3 Two-stage frequency regulation optimization process for energy storage coordinated with thermal power unit

图 4 第一阶段调频优化结果

Fig.4 Results of frequency regulation optimization in the first stage

图 5 不同初始SOC的第二阶段调频优化结果

Fig.5 Results of frequency regulation optimization of different initial SOCs in the second stage

表 1 一阶段和两阶段优化方法调频效果对比

Table 1 Comparison of frequency regulation effect between the optimization methods of one and two stages

方法	平均综合指标K	SOC偏差	调频收益/万元
一	0.902	471.11	232.09
二	0.905	218.37	232.83

表 2 各调频子指标综合权重系数

Table 2 The comprehensive weight coefficient of each frequency regulation sub-index

δ₁		δ₂		δ₃
0.1702		0.1401		0.6897

表 3 权重系数校正前后调频性能和调频收益对比

Table 3 Performance and revenue comparison of frequency regulation under different weight setting methods

阶段	K₁	K₂	K₃	K	调频收益/万元
校正前	0.59	0.90	0.56	0.7587	195.73
校正后	0.59	0.83	1.25	0.9046	232.83

图 6 权重系数校正前后储能SOC偏差对比

Fig.6 Comparison of SOC deviation of energy storage before and after weight coefficient correction

表 4 不同控制策略下火储联合系统表现

Table 4 Performance of system of energy storage coordinated with thermal power unit under different control strategies

控制策略	调频性能综合指标	调频收益/万元	调频考核不合格次数
满补偿控制	0.6399	157.13	119
分时段控制	0.6314	162.95	2
两阶段调频	0.9046	232.83	0

图 7 不同控制策略下储能SOC情况

Fig.7 SOC of energy storage under different control strategies

表 5 不同控制策略下储能工作区域时间占比

Table 5 Time proportion of energy storage working area under different control strategies 单位：%

控制策略	SOC预警区工作时间占比	SOC可用区工作时间占比
满补偿控制	73.94	83.32
分时段控制	37.40	99.30
两阶段调频	5.20	100.00

参考文献 25

1	任大伟, 侯金鸣, 肖晋宇, 等. 支撑双碳目标的新型储能发展潜力及路径研究[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56 (8): 17- 25.
	Ren Dawei, HOU Jinming, XIAO Jinyu, et al. Research on development potential and path of new energy storage supporting carbon peak and carbon neutrality[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56 (8): 17- 25.
2	赵晶晶, 杜明, 刘帅, 等. 基于模型预测控制的双馈风电机组调频与转子转速恢复策略[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56 (6): 11- 17.
	ZHAO Jingjing, DU Ming, LIU Shuai, et al. Frequency modulation and rotor speed recovery strategy of doubly-fed induction generator based on model predictive control[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56 (6): 11- 17.
3	刘櫂芮, 贾祺, 严干贵, 等. 基于惯量响应的双馈风电机组动态协调机理研究[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55 (7): 142- 151.
	LIU Zhaorui, JIA Qi, YAN Gangui, et al. Dynamic coordination mechanism of DFIGs based on inertia response[J]. Electric Power, 2022, 55 (7): 142- 151.
4	盛举, 贾庆岩, 孙建军, 等. 基于多尺度形态学滤波的火电机组一次调频控制方法[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2022, 42 (2): 194- 200.
	SHENG Ju, JIA Qingyan, SUN Jianjun, et al. Primary frequency regulation control method of thermal power unit based on multi-scale morphological filter[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2022, 42 (2): 194- 200.
5	叶林, 王凯丰, 赖业宁, 等. 低惯量下电力系统频率特性分析及电池储能调频控制策略综述[J]. 电网技术, 2023, 47 (2): 446- 464.
	YE Lin, WANG Kaifeng, LAI Yening, et al. Review of frequency characteristics analysis and battery energy storage frequency regulation control strategies in power system under low inertia level[J]. Power System Technology, 2023, 47 (2): 446- 464.
6	文云峰, 杨伟峰, 林晓煌. 低惯量电力系统频率稳定分析与控制研究综述及展望[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2020, 40 (9): 211- 222.
	WEN Yunfeng, YANG Weifeng, LIN Xiaohuang. Review and prospect of frequency stability analysis and control of low-inertia power systems[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2020, 40 (9): 211- 222.
7	王凯丰, 谢丽蓉, 乔颖, 等. 电池储能提高电力系统调频性能分析[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2022, 46 (1): 174- 181.
	WANG Kaifeng, XIE Lirong, QIAO Ying, et al. Analysis of frequency regulation performance of power system improved by battery energy storage[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2022, 46 (1): 174- 181.
8	谢惠藩, 王超, 刘湃泓, 等. 南方电网储能联合火电调频技术应用[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45 (4): 172- 179.
	XIE Huifan, WANG Chao, LIU Paihong, et al. Application of joint frequency regulation technology of energy storage and thermal power in China southern power grid[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45 (4): 172- 179.
9	XIE X R, GUO Y H, WANG B, et al. Improving AGC performance of coal-fueled thermal generators using multi-MW scale BESS: a practical application[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2018, 9 (3): 1769- 1777. DOI
10	牛阳, 张峰, 张辉, 等. 提升火电机组AGC性能的混合储能优化控制与容量规划[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2016, 40 (10): 38- 45, 83.
	NIU Yang, ZHANG Feng, ZHANG Hui, et al. Optimal control strategy and capacity planning of hybrid energy storage system for improving AGC performance of thermal power units[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2016, 40 (10): 38- 45, 83.
11	李若, 李欣然, 谭庄熙, 等. 考虑储能电池参与二次调频的综合控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42 (8): 74- 82.
	LI Ruo, LI Xinran, TAN Zhuangxi, et al. Integrated control strategy considering energy storage battery participating in secondary frequency regulation[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42 (8): 74- 82.
12	张舒鹏. 电池储能参与调频的控制策略研究[D]. 浙江: 浙江大学, 2021.
	ZHANG Shupeng. Research on control strategies of battery energy storage participating in frequency regulation [D]. Zhejiagn: Zhejiang University, 2021.
13	陈达鹏, 荆朝霞. 美国调频辅助服务市场的调频补偿机制分析[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2017, 41 (18): 1- 9.
	CHEN Dapeng, JING Zhaoxia. Analysis of frequency modulation compensation mechanism in frequency modulation ancillary service market of the United States[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41 (18): 1- 9.
14	国家能源局福建监管办公室. 《福建省电力调频辅助服务市场交易规则(试行)(2022年修订版)》[EB/OL]. (2022-04-29) [2022-10-26]. http://fjb.nea.gov.cn/news_view.aspx?id=32895.
15	国家能源局华北监管局. 《华北区域电力并网运行管理实施细则(征求意见稿)》[EB/OL]. (2022-07-01) [2022-10-26]. http://hbj.nea.gov.cn/adminContent/initViewContent.do?pk=8301204c-7155-4c00-885d-9970986db8b9.
16	国家能源局华北监管局. 《华北区域电力辅助服务管理实施细则(征求意见稿)》[EB/OL]. (2022-07-01) [2022-10-26]. http://hbj.nea.gov.cn/adminContent/initViewContent.do?pk=8301204c-7155-4c00-885d-9970986db8b9.
17	陈丽娟, 姜宇轩, 汪春. 改善电厂调频性能的储能策略研究和容量配置[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2017, 37 (8): 52- 59.
	CHEN Lijuan, JIANG Yuxuan, WANG Chun. Strategy and capacity of energy storage for improving AGC performance of power plant[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2017, 37 (8): 52- 59.
18	陈雪梅, 陆超, 刘杰, 等. 考虑调频性能考核的储能–机组联合调频控制策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41 (10): 3383- 3391, 3664.
	CHEN Xuemei, LU Chao, LIU Jie, et al. Control strategy considering AGC performance assessment for BESS coordinated with thermal power unit in AGC[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41 (10): 3383- 3391, 3664.
19	孙冰莹, 刘宗歧, 杨水丽, 等. 补偿度实时优化的储能-火电联合AGC策略[J]. 电网技术, 2018, 42 (2): 426- 436.
	SUN Bingying, LIU Zongqi, YANG Shuili, et al. A real-time optimization method of compensation degree for storage coordinated with thermal power unit in AGC[J]. Power System Technology, 2018, 42 (2): 426- 436.
20	路小俊, 伊建伟, 李炎. 基于多目标网格自适应搜索算法的储能系统参与AGC优化控制策略[J]. 电网技术, 2019, 43 (6): 2116- 2124.
	LU Xiaojun, YI Jianwei, LI Yan. Optimal control strategy of AGC with participation of energy storage system based on multi-objective mesh adaptive direct search algorithm[J]. Power System Technology, 2019, 43 (6): 2116- 2124.
21	于会群, 靳东辉, 彭道刚, 等. 考虑周期损耗的储能-火电联合调频策略[J]. 电力系统及其自动化学报, 2022, 34 (9): 102- 109.
	YU Huiqun, JIN Donghui, PENG Daogang, et al. Energy storage-thermal power joint frequency regulation strategy considering cycle loss[J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2022, 34 (9): 102- 109.
22	李军徽, 侯涛, 严干贵, 等. 计及调频成本和荷电状态恢复的多储能系统调频功率双层优化[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41 (23): 8020- 8033.
	LI Junhui, HOU Tao, YAN Gangui, et al. Two-layer optimization of frequency modulation power in multi-battery energy storage system considering frequency modulation cost and recovery of state of charge[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41 (23): 8020- 8033.
23	ZYOUD S H, FUCHS-HANUSCH D. A bibliometric-based survey on AHP and TOPSIS techniques[J]. Expert Systems with Applications, 2017, 78, 158- 181. DOI
24	李欣然, 黄际元, 陈远扬, 等. 基于灵敏度分析的储能电池参与二次调频控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32 (12): 224- 233.
	LI Xinran, HUANG Jiyuan, CHEN Yuanyang, et al. Battery energy storage control strategy in secondary frequency regulation considering its action moment and depth[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32 (12): 224- 233.
25	ZHANG X S, TAN T, ZHOU B, et al. Adaptive distributed auction-based algorithm for optimal mileage based AGC dispatch with high participation of renewable energy[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2021, 124, 106371.

[1]	刘永梅, 吴鸣, 李瑛, 原于淇, 席嫣娜, 赵凤展. 考虑移动储能配置和调度的配电网抗灾能力提升策略[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(9): 10-22.
[2]	满林坤, 吴珂鸣, 迟成, 尤金石, 赵梓潼, 张亚健. 计及储能随机接入退出行为的互联电网自适应负荷频率控制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(9): 164-174.
[3]	王辉, 夏玉琦, 李欣, 董宇成, 周子澜. 基于多主体三层博弈的区域综合能源系统低碳运行策略[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(8): 69-83.
[4]	陈瑞, 郑涛, 任翔, 沈文韬, 张璐, 强雨泽, 刘博, 王瑜璇. 电化学储能系统接入条件下正序故障分量方向元件适应性分析[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(8): 84-93, 138.
[5]	陈峰, 赵鹏. 基于可逆抽水储能的新能源配电网协调优化方法[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(8): 103-108.
[6]	王辉, 董宇成, 夏玉琦, 周子澜, 李欣. 考虑阶梯碳-绿证互认与重力储能的矿区综合能源系统优化调度[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(7): 54-67.
[7]	谭玲玲, 张文龙, 康志豪, 叶平峰, 高业豪, 张玉敏. 计及惯量响应与一次调频参数优化的新能源基地构网型储能规划[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(7): 147-161.
[8]	王勇, 王辉, 胡雅涵, 赵鹏, 李雪男. 基于风光互补混合储能系统的微电网优化及电能质量提升[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(7): 162-167.
[9]	袁振华, 张丽娜, 张玉跃, 田鑫, 王鹏, 杜尔顺. 考虑可变单位能量建设成本的储能规划方法[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(7): 187-196.
[10]	刘军会, 龚健, 佟炳绅, 李松杰, 张艺涵, 崔世常, 田春筝, 张永斌. 基于分布式储能与光伏的虚拟电厂与配电网协同优化方法[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(6): 1-9.
[11]	张婕, 花宇飞, 王晨. 基于合作博弈的需求侧调节响应能力共享模型[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(6): 45-55.
[12]	肖湘奇, 邹晟, 贺星, 肖建红, 马斌. 基于模糊控制算法的光储系统输出功率优化[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(6): 67-75.
[13]	秦昆, 渠志江, 韩建伟, 许涛, 高峰, 迟晓莉. 基于可调虚拟阻抗的“柔-储-充”装置电池优化运行策略[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(6): 145-155.
[14]	陈铭宏天, 耿江海, 赵雨泽, 许鹏, 韩雨珊, 张育铭, 张子沫. 基于两阶段随机优化的电氢耦合微电网周运行策略[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(5): 82-90.
[15]	邓卜元, 袁至, 李骥. 考虑氢储能的富氧燃烧碳捕集电厂热电联合优化调度[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(4): 159-169.

基于权重系数校正的火储两阶段联合调频方法

Two-stage Frequency Regulation Method for Energy Storage Coordinated with Thermal Power Unit Based on Weight Coefficient Correction

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 12

参考文献 25

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

模态框（Modal）标题

基于权重系数校正的火储两阶段联合调频方法

Two-stage Frequency Regulation Method for Energy Storage Coordinated with Thermal Power Unit Based on Weight Coefficient Correction

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 12

参考文献 25

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics