储能电站虚拟惯量控制技术及其应用

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202506023

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为应对高比例新能源接入导致电力系统惯量下降与频率稳定问题，构建储能电站虚拟惯量控制系统架构。通过山东某储能电站的实测验证，该方法在±1.0 Hz/s频率扰动下可实现快速响应，控制误差不超过0.4%，有利于增强电网对功率扰动的抑制能力。所提方法不但可以提升频率变化率测量实时性与稳定性，而且能够有效协调就地响应与调度指令，为高比例新能源电网的惯量支撑与频率稳定提供支持。

关键词: 惯量控制, 储能, 频率变化率

Abstract:

To address the issues of inertia reduction and frequency stability caused by high-penetration renewable energy access, a virtual inertia control system architecture for energy storage stations is proposed. Verified by the actual measurement of an energy storage power station in Shandong, this method can achieve rapid response under ±1.0 Hz/s frequencyances, with a control error of no more than 0.4%, which is conducive to enhancing the power grid's ability to suppress power disturbances. The method can not only improve the real-time and stability of frequency change rate measurement, but also effectively coordinate local response and dispatching instructions, providing support for inertia support and frequency stability power grids with high renewable energy penetration.

Key words: inertia response, energy storage, rate of change of frequency

黄颖峰, 王峰, 蔡德胜, 李虎成, 赵静波. 储能电站虚拟惯量控制技术及其应用[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(2): 148-153.

HUANG Yingfeng, WANG Feng, CAI Desheng, LI Hucheng, ZHAO Jingbo. Virtual inertia control technology and application of energy storage power station[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59(2): 148-153.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202506023

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V59/I2/148

图/表 5

图 1 储能电站惯量响应控制架构

Fig.1 Inertial response control architecture of energy storage power station

图 2 快速频率响应模块

Fig.2 Fast frequency response module

表 1 惯量控制参数

Table 1 parameter of inertia response

序号	定值	参数
1	工频/Hz	50
2	额定容量 $ {P}_{\rm N} $/MW	100
3	RoCoF动作死区/(Hz·s^–1)	±0.05
4	惯量时间常数 $ {T}_{\rm J} $/s	10
5	惯量有功限幅/MW	50

图 3 惯量响应波形（−1.0 Hz/s激励）

Fig.3 Inertia response waveform (−1.0 Hz/s excitation)

图 4 惯量响应波形（+1.0 Hz/s激励）

Fig.4 Inertia response waveform (+1.0 Hz/s excitation)

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