储能系统多电池簇健康状态均衡控制策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202401124

中国电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (6): 45-52.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202401124

• 储能用锂离子电池本体安全关键技术 • 上一篇下一篇

储能系统多电池簇健康状态均衡控制策略

彭昊¹(), 罗正经¹(), 夏向阳²(), 曾刚¹(), 欧宇健¹(), 陈贵全²(), 王继军¹(), 刘立洪¹()

1. 湖南经研电力设计有限公司，湖南长沙　410007
2. 长沙理工大学电气与信息工程学院，湖南长沙　410114

收稿日期:2024-01-30 出版日期:2024-06-28 发布日期:2024-06-25
作者简介:彭昊（1992—），男，工程师，从事电网工程设计及新能源储能系统技术研究，E-mail：774808249@qq.com
罗正经（1986—），男，高级工程师，从事电网稳定运行与控制技术研究，E-mail：446174613@qq.com
夏向阳（1968—），男，通信作者，教授，博士生导师，从事电网储能安全运行与优化控制研究，E-mail：307351045@qq.com
曾刚（1986—），男，高级工程师，从事变电站电气一次设计，E-mail：489305680@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（柔性直流输电交流侧故障下换流器多桥臂主动应对的能量调控机理及穿越控制研究，51977014）。

Health State Equalization Control Strategy for Multi-battery Clusters in Energy Storage Systems

Hao PENG¹(), Zhengjing LUO¹(), Xiangyang XIA²(), Gang ZENG¹(), Yujian OU¹(), Guiquan CHEN²(), Jijun WANG¹(), Lihong LIU¹()

1. Hunan Economy Institute Electric Power Design Co., Ltd., Changsha 410007, China
2. School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China

Received:2024-01-30 Online:2024-06-28 Published:2024-06-25
Supported by:
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Research on Energy Regulation Mechanism and Fault Ride-Through Control of Multi-armed Converter of AC Side Fault in MMC-HVDC System, No.51977014).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对储能系统中多电池簇健康状态均衡问题，提出储能系统多电池簇健康状态均衡控制策略，该策略依据电池寿命变化规律和并网要求设置储能变流器并网功率下限，基于该下限确定系统参与运行的储能变流器台数，再结合层次分析法对参与运行的各电池簇健康状态进行量化评价，求得各储能变流器承担并网功率指令的权重系数和相应的功率大小，调整参与运行的储能变流器台数和传输功率以确保各储能变流器功率不越限。将所提控制策略与均摊控制策略相比，结果表明，所提策略可有效均衡各电池簇健康状态，延长储能电站整体使用寿命40.6%，有效提高了储能电站的安全性和经济性。

关键词: 储能系统, 电池寿命变化规律, 储能变流器, 层次分析法, 安全性, 经济性

Abstract:

To address the issue of health state equalization among multiple battery clusters in energy storage systems, this paper designs a multi-battery cluster health state equalization control strategy for the energy storage system. This strategy sets the minimum grid-connected power limit for the storage converter according to the change rule of battery life and the grid connection requirements and determines the number of storage converter units involved in the operation of the system based on this limit. Furthermore, the hierarchical analysis method is combined to evaluate the health state of the various clusters of batteries involved in the operation and quantify the value to get the weight coefficients and corresponding power sizes of the storage converter to assume the grid-connected power command. The number of participating energy storage converters and the transmitted power are adjusted to ensure that the power of each energy storage converter does not exceed the limit. Compared with the equalization control strategy, the proposed control strategy can effectively equalize the health state of each battery cluster, extending the overall service life of the energy storage power plant by 40.6% and effectively improving the safety and economy of the energy storage power plant.

Key words: energy storage system, battery life change rule, energy storage converter, hierarchical analysis method, safety, economy

彭昊, 罗正经, 夏向阳, 曾刚, 欧宇健, 陈贵全, 王继军, 刘立洪. 储能系统多电池簇健康状态均衡控制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(6): 45-52.

Hao PENG, Zhengjing LUO, Xiangyang XIA, Gang ZENG, Yujian OU, Guiquan CHEN, Jijun WANG, Lihong LIU. Health State Equalization Control Strategy for Multi-battery Clusters in Energy Storage Systems[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(6): 45-52.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202401124

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I6/45

图/表 11

图 1 储能系统多PCS并网拓扑结构

Fig.1 Grid-connected topology structure of multi-PCS in energy storage systems

图 2 磷酸铁锂电池健康特征量变化曲线

Fig.2 Variation curve of health characteristic quantity of lithium iron phosphate battery

表 1 目标层和指标层判断矩阵

Table 1 Judgment matrix of goal and indicator levels

	S_OH1	S_OH2	···	S_OHm
S_OH1	1	a₁₂	···	a_1m
S_OH2	a₂₁	1	···	a_2m
$\vdots $	$\vdots $	$\vdots $	$\ddots $	$\vdots $
S_OHm	a_m1	a_m2	···	1

图 3 所提策略流程

Fig.3 Flowchart of proposed strategy

图 4 所提均衡控制策略示意

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of proposed equalization control strategy

表 2 部分仿真参数

Table 2 Partial simulation parameters

参数		数值
储能系统直流侧电压/V		800
电网电压/V		380
储能系统交流侧电感/mH		21
单台PCS额定运行功率/kW		15
单台PCS转换功率下限/kW		6
S_OH1/%		98
S_OH2/%		94
S_OH3/%		92
S_OH4/%		90

表 3 电池簇健康状态评分参考表

Table 3 Scoring reference of battery cluster health state

因素i比因素j		量化值
同等重要		1
稍微重要		3
较强重要		5
强烈重要		7
极端重要		9
两相邻判断的中间值		2，4，6，8

表 4 目标层和指标层判断矩阵

Table 4 Judgment matrix for goal and indicator levels

	S_OH1	S_OH2	S_OH3	S_OH4
S_OH1	1	8.2/6.6	8.2/5.8	8.2/5
S_OH2	6.6/8.2	1	6.6/5.8	6.6/5
S_OH3	5.8/8.2	5.8/6.6	1	5.8/5
S_OH4	5/8.2	5/6.6	5/5.8	1

表 5 归一化后的目标层和指标层判断矩阵

Table 5 Normalized judgment matrices for target and indicator levels

	S_OH1	S_OH2	S_OH3	S_OH4
S_OH1	0.3203	0.3203	0.3203	0.3203
S_OH2	0.2578	0.2578	0.2578	0.2578
S_OH3	0.2266	0.2266	0.2266	0.2266
S_OH4	0.1953	0.1953	0.1953	0.1953

表 6 新的目标层和指标层判断矩阵

Table 6 Judgment matrix of new goal and indicator level

	S_OH1	S_OH2	S_OH3
S_OH1	1	8.2/6.6	8.2/5.8
S_OH2	6.6/8.2	1	6.6/5.8
S_OH3	5.8/8.2	5.8/6.6	1

图 5 所提策略与均摊策略效果对比

Fig.5 Comparison of effectiveness between proposed strategy and equal distribution strategy

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储能系统多电池簇健康状态均衡控制策略

Health State Equalization Control Strategy for Multi-battery Clusters in Energy Storage Systems

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储能系统多电池簇健康状态均衡控制策略

Health State Equalization Control Strategy for Multi-battery Clusters in Energy Storage Systems

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