虚拟电厂协同的自适应二次调频策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202509016

中国电力 ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (5): 76-85.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202509016

• 支撑新型城市电网的虚拟电厂电力市场机制及运行关键技术 • 上一篇下一篇

虚拟电厂协同的自适应二次调频策略

王泽森¹(), 王宣元¹, 孔帅皓¹, 孙舶皓¹, 季震¹, 孙巍¹, 张亚健²(), 张佳访², 彭晨²

1. 国网冀北电力有限公司，北京　100054
2. 上海大学机电工程与自动化学院，上海　200444

收稿日期:2025-09-06 修回日期:2026-04-17 发布日期:2026-05-15 出版日期:2026-05-28
作者简介:
王泽森（1989），男，博士，高级工程师，从事能源经济、电力市场等研究，E-mail：wang.zesen@jibei.sgcc.com.cn
张亚健（1991），男，通讯作者，博士，副教授，从事综合能源系统优化运行与控制研究，E-mail：zhang_ya_jian@shu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（62533016 & 62573279）；上海市自然科学基金资助项目（25ZR1402170）；冀北科技项目（SGJBDK00DZIS2500041）。

Adaptive secondary frequency regulation strategy with coordinated virtual power plants

WANG Zesen¹(), WANG Xuanyuan¹, KONG Shuaihao¹, SUN Bohao¹, JI Zhen¹, SUN Wei¹, ZHANG Yajian²(), ZHANG Jiafang², PENG Chen²

1. State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Beijing 100054, China
2. School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China

Received:2025-09-06 Revised:2026-04-17 Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-05-28
Supported by:
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62533016 & No.62573279), Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (No.25ZR1402170), Science and Technology Project of State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co., Ltd. (No.SGJBDK00DZIS2500041).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

虚拟电厂通过通信网络协同调度储能资源辅助参与电网二次调频，有效增强了电网频率韧性。然而，储能装置的动态接入/退出可能导致二次调频控制系统的结构不确定性。为此，提出考虑虚拟电厂储能资源动态接入/退出的二次调频策略。首先，将二次调频控制系统建模为依赖于储能资源参与状态的子系统集合；其次，为降低通信冗余度，提出了基于动态事件触发的通信方案，仅当二次调频系统性能退化至预设阈值以下时才触发信息交互；最后，考虑通信延时导致控制参数滞后于储能资源参与行为调整的异步切换特性，基于平均驻留时间技术得到了控制参数的设计约束和更新准则。仿真表明，与现有周期触发控制方案相比，所提方案的网络带宽占用率和调频设备动作次数可降低50.63%以上。

关键词: 虚拟电厂, 二次调频, 异步切换事件触发控制

Abstract:

Virtual power plant (VPP) can effectively enhance the frequency resilience of the power systems by collaboratively scheduling energy storage resources through communication networks to participate in secondary frequency regulation (SFR). However, the dynamic access/exit of energy storage resources may lead to structural uncertainties in SFR system. A SFR strategy that considers dynamic access/exit of energy storage resources in VPP has been proposed. Firstly, the SFR system is modeled as a set of subsystems depending on the participation states of energy storage resources. Secondly, to reduce communication redundancy, a dynamic event-triggered communication scheme is proposed, which only triggers information exchange when the SFR performance degrades below a preset threshold. Thirdly, considering the asynchronous switching characteristics of communication delay causing control parameters to regulate behind the participation behavior adjustment of energy storage resources, design constraints and update criteria for control parameters have been obtained based on the average dwell time (ADT) technique. Simulation results have shown that compared with existing periodic triggering control schemes, the proposed scheme can save over 50.63% of network bandwidth occupancy and SFR device operation actions.

Key words: virtual power plant, secondary frequency modulation, asynchronous switched event triggered control

王泽森, 王宣元, 孔帅皓, 孙舶皓, 季震, 孙巍, 张亚健, 张佳访, 彭晨. 虚拟电厂协同的自适应二次调频策略[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(5): 76-85.

WANG Zesen, WANG Xuanyuan, KONG Shuaihao, SUN Bohao, JI Zhen, SUN Wei, ZHANG Yajian, ZHANG Jiafang, PENG Chen. Adaptive secondary frequency regulation strategy with coordinated virtual power plants[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59(5): 76-85.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202509016

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V59/I5/76

图/表 15

图 1 VPP储能资源协同的二次调频架构

Fig.1 SFR framework with energy storage resources in VPP

图 2 ETD和控制器参数异步更新过程

Fig.2 Asynchronous parameter update of ETD and controller

图 3 各区域功率扰动（阶跃扰动情形）

Fig.3 Power disturbance in each area (step disturbance)

图 4 VPP内储能装置参与状态

Fig.4 Participation status of energy storage device in VPP

图 5 阶跃扰动下的ACE动态响应

Fig.5 ACE dynamic responses under step disturbances

图 6 阶跃扰动下不同ETC方案的触发间隔

Fig.6 Triggered intervals with different ETC schemes under step disturbances

图 7 阶跃扰动下不同方案的控制性能

Fig.7 Control performances with different schemes under step disturbances

图 8 各区域功率扰动（随机扰动情形）

Fig.8 Power disturbance in each area (stochastic disturbance)

图 9 随机扰动下的ACE动态响应

Fig.9 ACE dynamic responses under stochastic disturbances

图 10 随机扰动下不同ETC方案的触发间隔

Fig.10 Triggered intervals with different ETC schemes under stochastic disturbances

图 11 随机扰动下不同方案的控制性能

Fig.11 Control performances with different schemes under stochastic disturbances

图 12 不同平均驻留时间下的区域控制误差

Fig.12 Area control errors under different average dwell times

图 13 不同平均驻留时间下的控制性能

Fig.13 Control performances with different schemes under different average dwell times

图 14 各区域功率扰动（三区域情形）

Fig.14 Power disturbance in each area (three-area case)

图 15 区域控制误差动态响应（三区域情形）

Fig.15 Dynamic responses of area control error in three-area case

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虚拟电厂协同的自适应二次调频策略

Adaptive secondary frequency regulation strategy with coordinated virtual power plants

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虚拟电厂协同的自适应二次调频策略

Adaptive secondary frequency regulation strategy with coordinated virtual power plants

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