电力系统中压电网谐振关键元器件评估

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202308069

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

模态分析法可以获得最丰富的谐振信息，现有灵敏度分析方法可以得到每种元器件对谐振影响程度的排序，但无法明确辨别谐振关键元件和谐振电路。首先，通过推导对各参与因子的物理意义进行了解释，归纳了现有的2种灵敏度分析方法；然后，考虑不同属性元器件取值范围的差异性及逆变器外特性的影响，提出了一种适用于配电网谐振关键元件和电路的识别方法；最后，通过算例分析和PSCAD仿真结果，验证了所得谐振关键元器件的准确性。该方法可以较为准确地识别出系统固有谐振的关键元器件，为研究谐波谐振问题及其抑制、事故调查分析等提供参考。

关键词: 模态分析法, 灵敏度分析, 谐波谐振, 谐振关键元件, 谐振关键电路

Abstract:

Modal analysis techniques can capture the most comprehensive harmonic resonance data. Although current sensitivity analysis methodologies can rank the impact that each electronic component has on resonance, they fall short in precisely pinpointing the key resonant components and circuits. Initially, an explanation of the physical significance of the contributing factors is offered following the derivation, and two existing sensitivity analysis methods are summarized. Subsequently, taking into account the diversity in the value ranges of components with different attributes, as well as the effects of the external characteristics of inverters, a novel identification method is introduced. This method is tailored for pinpointing critical resonant elements and circuits within power distribution networks. The method's precision in identifying vital resonant components is corroborated through analytical examples and PSCAD simulation outcomes. This technique provides an accurate means to discern the critical components that drive systemic inherent resonance, serving as a valuable resource for the study and mitigation of harmonic resonance issues, as well as for post-incident analyses.

Key words: modal analysis, sensitivity analysis, harmonic resonance, key resonance component, resonant critical circuit

周子康, 陶顺, 薛超凡, 袁威, 徐永海. 电力系统中压电网谐振关键元器件评估[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(2): 127-137.

Zikang ZHOU, Shun TAO, Chaofan XUE, Wei YUAN, Yonghai XU. Key Resonance Component Evaluation of Medium-Voltage Power Systems[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(2): 127-137.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202308069

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I2/127

图/表 17

图 1 光伏逆变器诺顿等效模型

Fig.1 NORTON equivalent model of photovoltaic inverter

图 2 某光伏逆变器在谐波频带内的电纳变化情况

Fig.2 The susceptance variation of a photovoltaic inverter in the harmonic frequency band

图 3 3节点系统

Fig.3 The 3-node system

表 1 各节点参与因子和电压平方占比

Table 1 The participates in factor and voltage square ratio of each node

节点	参与因子	电压平方	电压平方占比
1	0.00232	66203.3	0.00259
2	0.20432	5184729.0	0.20274
3	0.79348	20322064.0	0.79467

图 4 RLC串联支路

Fig.4 RLC connects branches in series

图 5 模态阻抗峰受影响的情况

Fig.5 The case that affect the mode impedance peak

图 6 3节点系统元件灵敏度的值

Fig.6 The value of the sensitivity in the 3-node system

图 7 3节点系统元件灵敏度占比结果

Fig.7 Results of component sensitivity ratio of 3-node system

图 8 某高电缆化率中压电网系统

Fig.8 A high cable rate medium voltage grid system

图 9 系统的谐振模态曲线

Fig.9 Resonance mode curve of the system

表 2 系统的谐振模态信息

Table 2 The resonance mode information of the system

模态	谐振频次	谐振频率/Hz	最大参与因子母线	最大参与因子
1	3.84	192	2	0.1033
2	13.08	654	3	0.3653
3	17.54	877	13	0.6615
4	63.80	3190	6	0.0979

图 10 元件模态灵敏度占比

Fig.10 Modal sensitivity ratio of devices

图 11 元件模态频率灵敏度占比

Fig.11 Modal frequency sensitivity ratio of devices

图 12 模态3的谐振关键电路

Fig.12 The resonant key circuit of mode 3

表 3 部分器件上电流放大响应比

Table 3 Current amplification response ratio on some devices

元器件	基频电流有效值(p.u.)	谐振电流有效值(p.u.)	电流响应比
VSC2	0.003	42.781	12582.65
变压器Z_T3	1.003	42.043	41.90
支路10-11电缆	0.327	0.908	2.78
支路5-11电缆	0.486	20.234	41.64
支路4-5电缆	0.217	11.226	51.66
VSC1	0.001	1.891	2480.98
支路5-6电缆	0.454	82.850	182.65
变压器Z_T1	0.067	8.025	119.42
支路7-8架空线	0.025	0.767	30.42

表 4 谐振模态下节点电压放大响应比

Table 4 Node voltage amplification response ratio in resonant mode

节点	电压响应比	节点	电压响应比
1	0.61	8	27.71
2	2.72	9	2.02
3	89.92	10	2.72
4	29.37	11	113.35
5	43.99	12	139.72
6	2.72	13	718.77
7	14.52

表 5 各模态下谐振关键元件

Table 5 Key element of resonance in each mode

模态	谐振频次	谐振频率/Hz	关键元件
1	3.84	192	变压器1、负荷7、负荷8、节点1-2、1-6、2-6间电缆
2	13.08	654	节点2处电容补偿、变压器1、变压器2、节点1-2间电缆
3	17.54	877	变压器1、变压器3、VSC1、VSC2
4	63.80	3190	变压器2、变压器3、负荷5、负荷7、负荷8、节点1-6间电缆

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