常规直流逆变站交流送出线路距离保护适应性分析与对策

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202309110

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

常规直流逆变站交流送出线路故障通常会引发换相失败，存在故障电压和电流波形畸变等问题，可能导致工频相量距离保护性能劣化。首先，分析了工程中广泛应用的正序电压极化距离保护在常规直流逆变站交流送出线路中的适应性，分析结果表明，当逆变站运行于单回交流出线工况时，传统正序电压极化距离保护不再适用；然后，基于交流线路的RL模型，提出了基于波形相关系数的时域距离元件，可以不受逆变站非线性输出特性的影响，并针对时域距离元件存在的出口近区故障方向判别问题，利用电流畸变程度判断故障方向；最后，通过仿真验证了时域距离保护方案的有效性。

关键词: 逆变站, 交流线路, 时域距离保护, 波形相关系数, 电流畸变程度

Abstract:

The AC transmission line fault near the LCC-HVDC inverter station might lead to commutation failure. And fault voltage and current waveforms would be distorted. It will have an adverse effect on the performance of fundamental power frequency phasor based distance protection. Firstly, the performance of traditional distance protection based on positive-sequence voltage polarization which is widely used in practice is analyzed. If the LCC-HVDC inverter station only has the single AC transmission outgoing line, distance protection based on positive-sequence voltage polarization would no longer be applicable. Then, based on the RL model of AC transmission line, a time domain distance protection based on waveform correlation coefficient is proposed. It is not affected by the nonlinear output characteristics of LCC-HVDC inverter station. To solve the fault direction identification problem near the exit area, the index of current distortion is defined to identify the fault direction. Finally, the proposed time domain distance protection is verified by the simulation results.

Key words: LCC-HVDC inverter station, AC transmission line, time domain distance protection, waveform correlation coefficient, degree of current distortion

李会新, 陈祥文, 金明亮, 刘阳, 徐海洋. 常规直流逆变站交流送出线路距离保护适应性分析与对策[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(2): 115-126.

Huixin LI, Xiangwen CHEN, Mingliang JIN, Yang LIU, Haiyang XU. Adaptability Analysis and Countermeasures for Distance Protection of AC Transmission Lines Connected LCC-HVDC Inverter Station[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(2): 115-126.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202309110

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I2/115

图/表 19

图 1 典型的高压直流逆变站接入系统

Fig.1 The LCC-HVDC inverter station connected system

图 2 单相接地故障等效正序网络

Fig.2 Equivalent positive sequence network for single-phase to ground fault

图 3 电压瞬时值分布规律

Fig.3 Voltage instantaneous value distribution

图 4 过渡电阻的影响分析

Fig.4 Influence of the fault resistance.

图 5 距离保护方案流程

Fig.5 The distance protection scheme flow

表 1 交流线路参数

Table 1 Parameters of AC transmission line

正序电阻/ (Ω·km^–1)		正序电感/ (mH·km^–1)		正序电容/ (μF·km^–1)		零序电阻/ (Ω·km^–1)		零序电感/ (mH·km^–1)		零序电容/ (μF·km^–1)
0.02		0.892		0.0133		0.249		3.096		0.00887

图 6 等值电源EM接入工况的仿真结果

Fig.6 Simulation results with strong equivalent source EM

图 7 等值电源EM断开工况的仿真结果

Fig.7 Simulation results without equivalent source EM

图 8 线路N侧保护出口近区反向故障仿真结果

Fig.8 Simulation results of N side protection under reverse fault conditions

图 9 等值电源EM接入工况a相接地故障

Fig.9 Simulation results under the aG internal fault condition with strong equivalent source EM

图 10 等值电源EM断开工况a相接地故障

Fig.10 Simulation results under the aG internal fault without equivalent source EM

表 2 不同故障位置仿真结果

Table 2 Simulation results with different fault location

故障位置	故障类型	相关系数	判断结果	故障位置	故障类型	相关系数	判断结果
20 km	aG	–0.98	区内	60 km	aG	–0.96	区内
	ab	–0.99	区内		ab	–0.97	区内
	abG	–0.99	区内		abG	–0.97	区内
	abc	–0.99	区内		abc	–0.97	区内
40 km	aG	–0.97	区内	90 km	aG	0.83	区外
	ab	–0.98	区内		ab	0.84	区外
	abG	–0.98	区内		abG	0.84	区外
	abc	–0.98	区内		abc	0.84	区外

图 11 等值电源EM接入工况M侧保护出口近区正向故障

Fig.11 Simulation results under the forward fault condition near protection location with strong equivalent source EM

图 12 等值电源EM断开工况M侧保护出口近区正向故障

Fig.12 Simulation results under forward fault conditions near protection location without equivalent source EM

图 13 等值电源EM接入工况M侧保护出口近区反向故障

Fig.13 Simulation results under forward fault conditions near protection location without equivalent source EM

图 14 时间窗为10 ms时仿真结果

Fig.14 Simulation results with 10 ms time window

图 15 区内单相带过渡电阻故障仿真结果

Fig.15 Simulation results under internal aG fault conditions with resistance

图 16 区内相间带过渡电阻故障仿真结果

Fig.16 Simulation results under internal ab fault conditions with resistance

图 17 区外单相带过渡电阻故障仿真结果

Fig.17 Simulation results under external aG fault conditions with resistance

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