Table of Content

28 October 2022, Volume 55 Issue 10

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Recent Situation of Global Energy Supply-Demand and Guarantee Strategy of China’s Energy and Power Supply

SHAN Baoguo, JI Xingpei, XU Chuanlong, LIU Zhilin

2022, 55(10):  1-13.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202208076

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Energy and power shortage frequently happens worldwide since 2021. China has also experienced long-term and large-scale energy and power shortages, which has a great impact on the economic and social development. Therefore, ensuring energy and power supply security has become an important issue which must be paid more attention to in the process of China's green and low-carbon energy transformation. Firstly, the development pattern of global economic society, and energy and power supply-demand are analyzed. Secondly, the phenomena and cause of global and china’s energy and power shortages are studied, and the energy and power supply-demand situation in 2022 is predicted. Finally, based on the Chinese national condition, countermeasures are put forward to ensure China’s energy and power security from the perspectives of energy supply, consumption, technology, policy and international cooperation.

Two-Stage Energy Economic Optimal Dispatch of Virtual Power Plant in Deregulated Electricity Market

ZHAO Lihang, CHANG Weiguang, YANG Min, YANG Qiang, QIN Ganghua

2022, 55(10):  14-22.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202203042

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With the increasing penetration of renewable distributed energy resources (DER) in power grids, virtual power plant (VPP) as an effective management technology of DERs has attracted widespread attentions. In this paper, a two-stage energy economic optimal scheduling method is proposed for VPP in a deregulated electricity market, which consists of day-ahead stage and intra-day stage. In the day-ahead stage, the optimal scheduling plan for the next day is formulated based on the forecasting information, and an agreement is signed with the day-ahead electricity market organizer. In the intra-day stage, on the basis of the day-ahead scheduling plan, the model predictive control (MPC) strategy is used to adjust the intra-day operation plan so as to eliminate net load variation caused by forecasting errors as well as to minimize penalties from the intra-day balancing market, thus reducing the overall operation costs. The proposed models are solved by the commercial solver Gurobi 9.1. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed method improves the utilization rate of DER and equipment inside VPP by means of day-ahead scheduling and intra-day redispatching, which is economical and practical, and provides a new approach for the economic dispatch of VPP.

Analysis of Distribution Network Information Risks Based on Knowledge Graph and Cellular Automata

MEI Bingxiao, ZHOU Jinhui, SUN Xiang

2022, 55(10):  23-31.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202206114

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In order to describe the propagation process of the information system risks in distribution networks and ensure the safe and reliable operation of power systems, the knowledge graph and cellular automata technology are used to analyze the distribution network information system risks. Firstly, the knowledge graph method is used to extract and fuse the risk knowledge of the multi-source heterogeneous information collected from distribution networks, so as to realize static analysis of the information risks. Secondly, a cellular automata model is built for risk analysis of the distribution networks, and the transition mechanism between the normal state and the fault state of the cell is designed to realize dynamic analysis of the evolution process of the distribution network information risks. Finally, based on simulation experiments, it is verified that the proposed method can effectively describe the cross-spatial propagation process of the distribution network information risks.

Bi-level Optimization Model of Demand Response Considering Regulation Potential of Load Aggregator

TAN Mingcong, WANG Lingling, JIANG Chuanwen, LIU Hanghang, WU Liersha, TANG Jiong

2022, 55(10):  32-44.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202205074

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The participation of demand response in power system regulation is an effective supplement to generation side regulation. In order to fully tap the potential of demand side resource regulation, a bi-level optimization model of distribution system is designed considering the interaction and transaction mode among the power grid, distribution system operator (DSO) and load aggregator (LA), and the role of each player and the transaction object in the demand response are clarified. The upper level considers the coordination and interaction between the player of source, load and storage inside DSO and the LA, and optimizes the dispatching of the distribution system with the goal of maximizing the profit of DSO. The lower level aims to maximize the LA’s profit of aggregating inverter air conditioners and electric vehicles. Based on the actual operating characteristics of inverter air conditioners and electric vehicles, a demand response model is constructed to fully tap its regulation potential and formulate load regulation strategies. For model solving, the bi-level optimization problem is transformed into an easier linear programming problem through the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker condition and big M method. The case study results show that the proposed bi-level model can fully tap the regulation potential of LA, reduce the electricity purchase from the main network, and improve the income of DSO and LA.

Hierarchical Optimal Scheduling of Microgrid Considering Demand Response and Carbon Emission Quota

ZHOU Mengran, WANG Xu, SHAO Shuai, HU Feng, ZHU Ziwei, ZHANG Yiping

2022, 55(10):  45-53.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202206067

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In order to realize coordinated resource optimization and improve the economy and environmental protection of the grid-connected microgrids, a hierarchical optimal scheduling model is established with consideration of demand response and carbon emission quota. On the load side, the time of use price and new energy consumption optimization load curve are considered, and multiple indicators are used to evaluate the optimization schemes. On the power generation side, the carbon emission quota is considered, and the distributed power generation within microgrid is optimized to achieve the goal of lowest comprehensive operation cost. The chaos particle swarm optimization (CPSO) is used to solve the optimization problem. The optimization results under the flexible load ratio of 0%, 10%, 20% and different carbon emission limits are analyzed by numerical simulation, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm.

Automatic Generation Algorithm for Power Grid Diagram Based on Power Supply Area

JIANG Zhengwei, QUE Lingyan, SHA Shuming, LIU Fengjian, LIU Xiangyang

2022, 55(10):  54-61.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202010024

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Power grid diagram is an important tool for power grid dispatching operation. The automatic generation of power grid diagram is a complex multi-objective optimization problem, in which the difficulty of automatic station layout is related to the number of stations and lines. A mathematical model of station grid uniform diagram layout is built, and an improved force-directed grid layout algorithm is proposed for the supply area. For the division of supply area, a method is designed for supply area layout division and station global optimization. For the station uniform diagram layout under any canvas, the station weight coefficients are introduced, and the repulsive force and attractive force calculation formula of the force-directed algorithm are redefined. The two-way simulated annealing algorithm is used to control the layout uniformity. The experimental results show that the grid layout obtained by the algorithm has the advantages of reasonable layout area division, uniform station layout, no overlapping of station coordinates, and fewer line intersections.

Transient Characteristics and Line Selection of Two-Point Grounding Faults on Same Phase in Resonant Grounding System

LIU Yingtong, HUANG Chun, YUAN Jingbo, YAN Sen

2022, 55(10):  62-70.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202204040

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Aiming at the low accuracy problem in line selection of two-point grounding faults on same phase in distribution network, a new fault feeder identification method suitable for two-point grounding faults on same phase in resonant grounding systems is proposed according to the transient characteristics of zero-sequence current (ZSC) and zero-sequence voltage (ZSV). Firstly, an equivalent zero-sequence network of two-point grounding fault is established and simplified, and the relationship between the ZSC transient of each line and the bus ZSV transient is derived, and the transient characteristics of two-point grounding faults on same phase are analyzed. And then, the fault transition resistance and zero-sequence distributed capacitance to ground of each line are obtained through fitting function, and a new fault line selection criterion is established based on the characteristic that the transition resistance of fault lines is far smaller than that of health lines, and the difference of transient characteristic quantities between zero-sequence current and capacitive current of each line. Finally, simulations are conducted on the two-point grounding faults on same phase under different working conditions, and the results show that the proposed method can accurately select two fault lines at the same time, and it is suitable for high impedance faults.

Short-Term Load Forecasting of Power System Based on VMD-CNN-BIGRU

YANG Huping, YU Yang, WANG Chao, LI Xiangjun, HU Yitao, RAO Chuchu

2022, 55(10):  71-76.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202206097

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In order to improve the accuracy of load prediction, taking into account the internal laws and external influencing factors of historical load itself, a kind of variational modal decomposition (VMD) -convolutional neural networks (CNN) -bi-directional gated recurrent units are proposed. BIGRU) short-term load prediction method for hybrid networks, improving training duration and prediction results. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation analysis, and the method has higher load prediction accuracy and stronger robustness than other models, which can improve the accuracy of short-term load prediction of power system.

Transient Instability Mechanism and Control Method of PLL-Based Grid-Connected VSC

CHEN Zheng, HU Pengfei, DAI Liyu, ZHOU Chaohui, YU Yanxue, XIU Xiaoqing

2022, 55(10):  77-86.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202206069

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The transient instability mechanism and control method of grid-following control voltage source converter (VSC) are comprehensively studied to solve the transient instability of PLL (phase locked loop)-based VSC with consideration of the influence of power loop control. Firstly, by modeling the PLL and power loop, the transient instability boundary of VSC is deduced. Secondly, taking the grid voltage drop as an example, the transient instability mechanism of grid-connected VSC system is revealed with consideration of the influence of both power loop and PLL. And then, an adaptive reactive power control method is proposed based on d-axis reorientation, which can improve the transient stability operation boundary of both VSC power outer loop and PLL synchronous loop, and effectively improve the transient stability of PLL-based grid-connected VSC system. Finally, the proposed transient instability mechanism and control method are verified through hardware in the loop experiment. The research shows that the essential reason for VSC instability in the presence of power outer loop is the instability of power loop, not the synchronous instability of PLL.

Accelerate Aging Test Method for Press-Pack IGBT Power Module

LI Biaojun, CHU Haiyang, ZHUANG Zhifa, WEN Jun

2022, 55(10):  87-91.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202108087

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Since reliability test of Press-pack IGBT (PPI) still not been researched enough, based on its application in industry, A cycle aging test methods aimed at VSC-HVDC power unit are proposed. The junction temperature formulas for all test methods are obtained by analyzing promising test waveforms and thermal impedance models under the specific test conditions. Experiments results illustrate measured junction temperature waveforms of PPI that under the aging tests, and proposed methods are validated.

CVT-Based Switching Overvoltage Measurement of UHV Converter Station under Complex Electromagnetic Environment

WANG Rong, SHI Jiazhao, GUO Can, SHEN Wei, MA Xikui

2022, 55(10):  92-99.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202205059

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UHV converter station is prone to produce switching overvoltage during switching operation, However, due to its high voltage level, strong electromagnetic interference and other factors, there is still no effective means to measure the overvoltage. Therefore, a study is carried out on the switching overvoltage measurement by refitting the capacitive voltage transformer (CVT). By establishing a CVT series voltage division model, the influence of electromagnetic unit on the overvoltage measurement is simulated, and the feasibility of refitting is demonstrated. The internal structure of sensors is optimized to reduce stray parameters, consequently improve the anti-interference ability of the sensors. The outer shielding, signal cable matching, shielding and grounding of the measurement system are optimized to effectively collect the overvoltage signals under strong electromagnetic interference. A field test was carried out in the ±800 kV UHV Shaanbei Converter Station, and the switching overvoltage during switching the no-load line and the low-voltage reactor was effectively recorded. In a word, an overvoltage measurement system is developed for the UHV converter station, and the effectiveness and safety of the design scheme is verified through field tests. This work is supported by Science & Technology Project of State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Research Institute (Research on Overvoltage Test Technology in Complex Electromagnetic Environment of ±800 kV Converter Station-Sensor and Electromagnetic shielding Design Optimization Research, No.SGTYHT/19-JS-217).

Multi-time Scale Optimization Dispatch Model of Integrated Energy System Considering Energy-Auxiliary Services

TAN Junfeng, YANG Ping, ZHANG Fan, MA Xiyuan, YAO Senjing

2022, 55(10):  100-111.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202203044

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Under the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”, construction of the new power system with new energy as the mainstay will surely promote the user-side participation in the real-time energy balance. In the integrated energy system (IES) with multi-energy operation of cooling, heating, electricity and gas, the real-time balance of power system through coordinating internal operation strategies combined with the auxiliary adjustment of various internal flexible resources can promote the economic energy use of industrial park and the regional renewable energy consumption. A multi-time scale IES optimization dispatch model is thus proposed with consideration of energy-auxiliary services. The energy cost of industrial park is optimized through providing such auxiliary services as peak-shaving and frequency regulation to power grid, and the equivalent linearization method is used to solve nonlinear programming problem. The case study shows that with the proposed optimization model, the park can not only realize the economic energy use through multi-energy coordination and complementation, but also can effectively promote regional renewable energy consumption and real-time energy balance through participating in peak shaving and frequency regulation auxiliary services.

Adaptive Oscillation Suppression Strategy for Wind Farms Based on Windowed FFT

MIAO Shuo, LI Qinan, ZHA Kunpeng, LI Lanfang, CAO Jianchun, ZHANG Fan

2022, 55(10):  112-123.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202202028

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Regarding the oscillation phenomenon in large-scale wind power transmission systems, the existing suppression strategies can hardly quickly and effectively suppress the oscillation when the oscillation frequency changes. To solve this problem, this paper takes the direct-drive wind farm transmission system as the research object and proposes an adaptive oscillation suppression method combining windowed fast Fourier transform (FFT) with an additional quasi-proportional resonant controller. Specifically, the harmonic linearization method is employed to build an impedance model for direct-drive wind turbines. The oscillation mechanism of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and the effectiveness of the additional quasi-proportional resonant controller in suppressing the oscillation are analyzed. Then, a fast detection and extraction method for oscillation frequency based on windowed FFT is designed, and the design principle of related parameters is presented. Finally, PSCAD/EMTDC electromagnetic transient simulation is conducted to compare the oscillation suppression effect of the controller based on windowed FFT with that of the controller based on traditional FFT. The results show that the controller based on windowed FFT has obvious advantages in oscillation suppression speed and effect, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed oscillation suppression strategy.

Evaluation of Renewable Energy Accommodation Capacity of High Voltage Distribution Networks Considering Regulation Potential of Flexible Resources

WANG Lili, WANG Hao, REN Zhouyang, SUN Yihao

2022, 55(10):  124-131.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202010035

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The rapid growth of grid-connected installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power has brought great challenges to the safe operation of the power system. Exploiting the flexible resources of the power grid is an effective way to ensure the healthy development of renewable energy. Therefore, this paper proposes an evaluation method for accommodation capacity of high voltage distribution networks considering the regulation potential of flexible resources. Firstly, a set of typical scenarios of wind power, photovoltaic and load are produced based on the fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm. Then, taking into account the flexibility of hydropower and power grid, a renewable energy planning model is established with the maximum renewable energy accommodation capacity of distribution networks as objective and with a comprehensive consideration of the normal operation states and the N–1 contingency states of distribution networks. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model and method are verified through case study of an 110 kV high voltage distribution network.

Dual-threshold Window Control Strategy of Interlinking Converter with Energy Storage System in Hybrid Microgrid

YUE huaiyu, LIU Shasha, WU Qiliang

2022, 55(10):  132-141.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202110096

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As the key device of the hybrid microgrid, the interlinking converter is related to the efficiency and reliability of the microgrid operation. Based on the normalized droop control, a dual-threshold window control strategy for two-stage interlinking converter with an energy storage system is designed. Based on the switch-on and switch-off conditions of the interlinking converter, and integrates the control of the energy storage unit based on the SOC, a dual-threshold window control strategy combining the switch-on threshold window and the switch-off threshold window is formed to realize the control of the interlinking converter and can realize the secondary opening and closing of the energy storage system. The simulation results show that the converter not only realizes bidirectional power control but also avoids the repeated switching between rectification and inverter of the interlinking converter, and also solves the problem of repeated switching caused by the single-threshold control strategy cutting off large power flow. Each unit in the energy storage system distributes power according to the SOC, which further broadens the power adjustable range of the interlinking converter.

Combined Operation Strategy of CHP Unit and Heat Accumulator for Eliminate Abandoned Wind under “Double Carbon” Background

CAO Yu, FANG Lei

2022, 55(10):  142-149.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202203113

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Under the background of “double carbon” goal, a strategy of combined operation of thermoelectric units and heat storage is proposed to eliminate abandoned wind, in view of the large number of wind curtailment problems existing in the winter heating period in the “Three North” area. Based on the analysis of the electrothermal operation characteristics of thermoelectric units, the mechanism of wind curtailment in the “Three North” area during the winter heating period is deeply studied, the influence of heat storage configuration on the peak shaving capacity of thermoelectric units is analyzed, and the operation mechanism of combined operation of thermoelectric unit and heat storage is discussed. Further, the strategy of thermoelectric unit and heat storage combined operation for air consumption and disposal is formulated. A comprehensive scheduling model of electric heating including thermoelectric unit, thermal storage system, thermal power unit and wind power unit is established. Compared with the traditional model, the proposed model takes into account the dual energy balance of heat and electricity in the system. The objective function of the solution process is to minimize the total coal consumption of the system. The calculation results show that the thermal storage configuration of the thermoelectric unit can effectively decouple its operation constraints of “ordering power by heat”, increase the peak shaving capacity of the system, and reduce the waste wind volume.

A Spatial Agglomeration Model of Regional Manufacturing Industry Based on Industrial Power Data

HUANG Xianan, SHEN Yu, LIU Lin, HU Zhenda, GU Jiu, WANG Lingling, JIANG Chuanwen

2022, 55(10):  150-160.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202201087

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The electric power data has the advantages of real-time and accuracy, and more and more power supply companies are developing application services of power consumption data to help regional industry development. Based on this, this paper proposes to apply the industrial power data to the construction of a regional industrial agglomeration model. Firstly, the location quotient and spatial Gini coefficient are comprehensively used to analyze the degree of agglomeration of a single industry. Further, the input-output model is used to determine the relationship of regional industrial chains, and the common agglomeration index is used to calculate the agglomeration effect of the industrial chain. Finally, the power consumption data of the manufacturing industry in Fujian Province is used to make an empirical analysis on the industrial spatial agglomeration of Fujian Province, and the economic data are used to verify the results. The results show that the power data has the ability to dynamically monitor the spatial agglomeration activities of industrial clusters, and can provide data support for regional industrial layout.

Dynamic Cost of Cooling, Heating and Power in Integrated Energy System Based on Exergy Economics

LIAN Jinbu, ZHANG Ling, GAO Xiao, LI Chengren, LUO Yongqiang, LIU Zhongbing

2022, 55(10):  161-169.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202102008

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Cost allocation of integrated energy systems (IES) with multi-energy flow coupling is a key technical issue in the study of integrated energy services. Existing cost calculations of IES products do not take into account the effect of energy grade, and no in-depth study has been carried out on the cost variations of IES with energy storage. A dynamic exergy economics model of IES is established based on the second law of thermodynamics to study the influence of dynamic load and energy storage on the cost of cooling, heating and power of a park IES. The results show that the thermal storage device can effectively reduce the unit cost of cooling, heating and power; compared with the IES without thermal storage, the IES with thermal storage can reduce the unit cost of cooling, heating and power by 6% , 24% and 1.2%, respectively; and the average cost of cooling, heating and power of IES under thermal storage condition is positively correlated with the electric load, and negatively correlated with the heating and cooling load. The dynamic exergy economics model can efficiently analyze the hourly cooling, heating and power cost of IES with heat storage in the optimization period, and provide a basis for the real-time pricing of cooling, heating and power. The rational use of energy storage device can reduce the cost of cooling, heating and power products, contribute to internal combustion engine absorption, and improve the stability and economy of the system operation.

Cost-Benefit Assessment Method for Demand Response Participating in Power Balance

DAI Xianzhong, HAN Xinyang, JIN Xiaoling

2022, 55(10):  170-177.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202102018

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The balance of power supply and demand is a key problem in power planning. During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, China's energy consumption will continue to grow rigidly, and the pressure of energy supply will continue to exist. With the increase of power load such as cooling and heating, electric vehicle charging and so on, the peak load of power grid becomes more prominent, which brings new challenges to power balance. Integrating demand response into power balance is a new way to solve the power balance problem, which can improve the investment efficiency of power planning. Based on an introduction of the basic methods for demand response participating in power balance, a cost-benefit assessment method for demand response participating in power balance is proposed, and its feasibility and effectiveness is verified through a case study. The results show that the economy of demand response participating in power balance is related to the subsidy standard and the proportion of demand response. The net economy decreases with the increase of subsidy standard, and firstly increases and then decreases with the increase of the proportions of demand response, and the optimal proportion of demand response for power balance is that when the net economy decreases to zero.

Distributed Transaction Mode Considering Load Adjustment

HAN Guodong, JI Peirong, WANG Fei

2022, 55(10):  178-184.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202111079

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Considering the distributed market transaction mode, this paper proposes a two-layer optimization model that considers the coordination of optical storage and user load adjustment. Based on the transfer relationship between distribution network companies and optical storage investors, this paper proposes a market framework for distributed transactions. The market transaction model and solution algorithm are established, and the feasibility of the proposed method is verified based on the simulation example of the IEEE 33 bus distribution network system.

Analysis of Independent Energy Storage Power Station Participating in Power Spot Market Mechanism and Trial Operation

GUAN Li, ZHOU Lei, LIU Hanghang, ZHOU Xinsheng, TAO Wei, ZHAO Zizhou

2022, 55(10):  185-190.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202206137

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With the rapid growth of wind power and photovoltaic new energy generation capacity, accelerating the improvement of energy storage facilities participating in the electricity spot market trading mechanism is conducive to consumption of new energy. In order to improve the regulation ability of the power system, taking the trading mechanism of Shandong independent electric energy storage participating in the spot market as the research object,the operation mechanism of independent electric energy storage participating in the spot market in the self scheduling mode is proposed. The simulation operation data shows that the participation of energy storage devices in the spot market plays an important role in promoting the consumption of new energy and improving the power supply guarantee capacity.

Research on Standard System of Energy and Electric Power Blockchain Technology

ZHAO Bingzhen, LI Da, WANG Dong, GUO Qinglei, YU Guo

2022, 55(10):  191-200.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202204113

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It is of great significance in independent blockchain technology innovation for China to strengthen the research on blockchain standardization and enhance China’s international discourse power and rule-making power. First of all, the paper investigates the current standardization status of energy and electric power blockchain technology both at home and abroad. Secondly, based on the status quo that the energy and electric power blockchain standard system is in the primary phase both at home and abroad, the paper proposes for the first time the construction principles, research ideas and standard system framework of the energy and electric power blockchain standard system, and plans the key components in the standard system such as the basic commonality, core technology, services, business applications, and security. Finally, the paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the status quo and needs of standardization, builds a comprehensive standard implementation evaluation model, formulates the implementation plans and evaluation methods for energy and electric power blockchain technology standardization, and proposes a suggestion on implementation of the energy and electric power blockchain technology.

An Optimization Method for Demand Response Information Transmission Based on Improved THP Coding

MA Lvbin, HAO Yihao, XUE Li, LI Bin, QI Bing, CHEN Songsong

2022, 55(10):  201-208.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202103092

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Under normalized implementation of large-scale demand response in the future, wireless access is one of the important and convenient access methods for massive terminals at the end of the power grid. In order to improve the transmission performance of the DR communication system, the channel state information is used at the DR sending end to preprocess the dataflow to improve the channel gain. Considering the channel noise and the interference between dataflows, it is proposed to apply the improved THP algorithm in DR transmission. The simulation results show that the proposed method has good BER performance under different service load conditions, especially when the channel conditions are good, and the algorithm does not involve too much computational overhead.

Joint Demand Response and Task Offloading Strategy for 5G Edge Computing Network

LU Xu, CHEN Ying, XU Zhongping, ZHANG Haiquan, MU Chunfang, CHEN Kai, SUN Yi

2022, 55(10):  209-218.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202112071

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Along with the dramatic increase in demand for IoT communication computing, the 5G communication and edge computing network gradually become the emerging high energy consumption load. In response to the high electricity bill of 5G edge computing network, this paper proposes a joint task offloading and demand response strategy for 5G edge computing network. By jointly adjusting the allocation of communication and computing resources, the task offloading decision and the charging/discharging of 5G base station battery, the proposed strategy can reduce the electric bill by transferring the task loads or sacrificing the delay performance, and provide considerable response capacity to power grid. To solve the Mixed Integer Non-linear Programming (MINLP) problem, this paper further proposes a Generalized Benders Decomposition (GBD) algorithm based on network scenario division. By decomposing the problem into a master problem of task offloading decision and a primal problem of charging/discharging and resource allocation , the complexity of the model is reduced. The simulation results show that compared with the response strategy that only considers task offloading or communication resource allocation, the proposed strategy reduces the electric bill and avoid the deterioration of delay performance.

Operation Characteristics and Load Distribution of CHP Units with Extraction-Condensate and Extraction-High Back Pressure Mode

LIU Xue, HU Ganggang, LI Jian, YANG Zhiping, WANG Ningling, GE Zhihua

2022, 55(10):  219-228.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202203078

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The application of high back pressure turbine in large capacity coal-fired plants can make use of exhaust waste heat as much as possible to save fuel remarkably, which has become the first choice for heating renovation of thermal power plants if the heat load demand can be met. In this paper, the model is developed for a power plant with 2 × 330 MW high back pressure and extraction combined heat and power (CHP) units to analyze the theoretical heating capacity. Considering the supply and return water temperature of the heat supply network, peak shaving capacity and economic operation conditions are also analyzed. The steam extraction distribution and load distribution problems are studied for the operation of extraction condensate-extraction high back pressure (EC-EHBP) mode and double extraction condensate (EC-EC) mode, respectively. Principles of steam extraction distribution and electric load distribution are obtained and the back pressure operation mode is also determined under different ambient temperatures. The research results can provide theoretical guidance for the actual operation of CHP power plants.