Improved fault protection strategy for active distribution networks adapting to high proportion photovoltaic access

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202506057

Abstract

Abstract:

With a large number of photovoltaic (PV) access, the traditional distribution network has changed from a single power source to a multi- source structure. There is intermittence and uncertainty in PV, and it is easy to have the problem of false tripping in current protection when using traditional setting strategy. By the output characteristics of PV and actual measurement data, typical scenario data sets are generated based on the generative adversarial network (GAN) algorithm, and different fault scenarios are constructed. An improved current protection strategy is proposed to adjust the current protection setting coefficient in real time. The active distribution network model is built and compared with the traditional current protection strategy under 3 working conditions It can be seen from the example simulation: The overall false tripping rate of the proposed strategy is reduced by 25%, which is more advantageous than the traditional current protection.

Key words: distributed photovoltaic, active distribution network, fault protection

WANG Shuai, JIA Dongli, LIU Keyan, YE Xueshun, SHENG Wanxing. Improved fault protection strategy for active distribution networks adapting to high proportion photovoltaic access[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59(1): 105-114.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202506057

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2026/V59/I1/105

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 Real data record of photovoltaic output

Fig.2 Photovoltaic output characteristics

Fig.3 Adaptive current protection process

Fig.4 Typical scenario of photovoltaic output

Fig.5 Grid side voltage and current signal

Fig.6 PV side voltage and current signal

Fig.7 Voltage and current signal at energy storage side

Fig.8 Three-phase current on the grid side under operating condition I

Fig.9 Three-phase current on the grid side under operating condition II

Fig.10 Three phase current at grid side (fault at energy storage side)

Fig.11 Comparison diagram of fault current under different fault resistance

Table 1 Photovoltaic side fault protection action

保护策略	故障电阻/Ω	故障时间/s	额定电流/A	动作电流/A	故障电流/A	动作情况
本文自适应电流保护策略	0.1	0.5	30	1.5I_N	1500	动作
		1.0	150	2.0I_N	1700	动作
		1.5	100	1.8I_N	1750	动作
		2.0	40	1.5I_N	1800	动作
	0.5	0.5	30	1.5I_N	450	动作
		1.0	150	2.0I_N	390	动作
		1.5	100	1.8I_N	410	动作
		2.0	40	1.5I_N	500	动作
	1.0	0.5	30	1.5I_N	300	动作
		1.0	150	2.0I_N	250	不动作
		1.5	100	1.8I_N	160	不动作
		2.0	40	1.5I_N	250	动作
传统定值保护策略	1.0	0.5	30	1.5I_N	300	动作
		1.0	150		250	动作
		1.5	100		160	动作
		2.0	40		250	动作

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