AC Filter Switching Combination Optimization Strategy for

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202504051

Abstract

Abstract:

The "AC-to-DC " high voltage direct current transmission project can effectively improve power transmission efficiency and address challenges such as limited space for new transmission lines. However, during actual operation, the switching of AC filters can cause harmonic distortion, affecting power quality. To address this issue, this paper analyzes field-recorded waveform data, extracts key characteristics during the AC filter switching process, and proposes engineering optimization measures. Additionally, considering the limitations of practical operational methods and experimental conditions, a refined simulation model was established based on actual system parameters. Using reinforcement learning algorithms, an optimized switching strategy for AC filter combinations was proposed. Simulation results demonstrate that this strategy can effectively reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) and significantly improve system power quality, providing crucial technical sup-port for the stable operation of "AC-to-DC Conversion" projects.

Key words: AC to DC, AC filters, power quality, total harmonic distortion

FENG Xuan, KONG Xiangping, DU Xiaozhou, FEI Juntao, ZHANG Xianmeng, JIANG Qiuyu, LI Zhenxing. AC Filter Switching Combination Optimization Strategy for "AC-to-DC" System[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(9): 88-96.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202504051

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V58/I9/88

Figures/Tables 17

References 25

1	陈晋, 娄悦, 张献蒙, 等. “交改直”输电工程送端换流站设计特点[J]. 电力勘测设计, 2024, (S2): 1- 7.
2	陈松涛, 陈兵, 吴巍, 等. “交改直”±200 kV同塔三回直流线路过电压研究[J]. 浙江电力, 2025, 44 (3): 108- 115.
	CHEN Songtao, CHEN Bing, WU Wei, et al. Study on overvoltage in ±200 kV triple-circuit DC transmission lines on the same tower for an AC-to-DC transmission project[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power, 2025, 44 (3): 108- 115.
3	MEHMOOD R S, HUSSAIN A, ALI U, et al. Novel double-damped tuned AC filters in HVDC systems[J]. Computers, Materials and Continua, 2023, 75 (1): 1467- 1482. DOI
4	LIN S, MU D L, XU L J, et al. Parameter optimization method for AC filters in HVDC considering reactive power compensation effectiveness[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2025, 40 (1): 365- 375. DOI
5	谭天健. 基于人工神经网络的滤波器设计方法研究[D]. 桂林: 桂林理工大学, 2024.
	TAN Tianjian. Research on filter design method based on artificial neural network[D]. Guilin: Guilin University of Technology, 2024.
6	LIU Z X, SHAO W, DING X, et al. GA-optimized ANN for modeling of UWB filters[C]//2020 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT). Shanghai, China. IEEE, 2021: 1–2.
7	李辉, 徐浩, 郭思源, 等. ±800 kV湘潭换流站交流滤波器投切策略及优化[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2017, 38 (3): 36- 42.
	LI Hui, XU Hao, GUO Siyuan, et al. Switching strategy and optimization of AC filter for ±800 kV Xiangtan converter station[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2017, 38 (3): 36- 42.
8	段雄英, 陈一豪, 张帆, 等. 选相抑制交流滤波器合闸涌流及过电压研究[J]. 高压电器, 2021, 57 (5): 14- 20, 28.
	DUAN Xiongying, CHEN Yihao, ZHANG Fan, et al. Study on closing inrush current and overvoltage by phase selective suppression of AC filter[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2021, 57 (5): 14- 20, 28.
9	廖雨. 考虑不同工况下投切交流滤波器产生的涌流及过电压分析[J]. 电工技术, 2024, (23): 253- 257.
	LIAO Yu. Analysis of inrush current and overvoltage generated by switching AC filter under different working conditions[J]. Electric Engineering, 2024, (23): 253- 257.
10	古智鹏, 胡蕴斌, 翁洪志, 等. 基于PSCAD/EMTDC的换流站交流滤波器电容器不平衡电流异常分析[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2021, 42 (1): 12- 17.
	GU Zhipeng, HU Yunbing, WENG Hongzhi, et al. Analysis on abnormal unbalanced current of AC filter capacitor of converter station based on PSCAD/EMTDC[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2021, 42 (1): 12- 17.
11	董武, 张健, 周勤勇, 等. 中国电力系统安全稳定性演化综述[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58 (1): 115- 127.
	DONG Wu, ZHANG Jian, ZHOU Qinyong, et al. An overview of the evolution of security and stability of China’s power system[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58 (1): 115- 127.
12	闫新, 王黎, 彭寅, 等. 混合多端高压直流输电线路的行波传播过程分析[J]. 山东电力技术, 2023, 50 (3): 57- 62. DOI
	YAN Xin, WANG Li, PENG Yin, et al. Analysis of travelling wave propagation process in hybrid multi-terminal HVDC transmission system[J]. Shandong Electric Power, 2023, 50 (3): 57- 62. DOI
13	时圣尧, 姜明磊, 张贺一, 等. 高比例风电接入的送端混合级联直流输电系统无功协调控制策略[J]. 综合智慧能源, 2024, 46 (11): 83- 91. DOI
	SHI Shengyao, JIANG Minglei, ZHANG Heyi, et al. Reactive power coordination control strategy for sending-end hybrid cascaded HVDC transmission system with high proportion of wind power integration[J]. Integrated Intelligent Energy, 2024, 46 (11): 83- 91. DOI
14	张冬清, 张国华, 徐玲铃, 等. 调相机在电力系统中的发展应用与动态特性[J]. 南方能源建设, 2024, 11 (4): 31- 41.
	ZHANG Dongqing, ZHANG Guohua, XU Lingling, et al. Development application and dynamic characteristics of synchronous condenser in electric power system[J]. Southern Energy Construction, 2024, 11 (4): 31- 41.
15	贺日星, 杨宝峰, 陈瀚栋, 等. 抑制直流输电换相失败方法研究[J]. 内蒙古电力技术, 2023, 41 (6): 75- 83.
	HE Rixing, YANG Baofeng, CHEN Handong, et al. Research of methods for suppressing commutation failure in HVDC transmission[J]. Inner Mongolia Electric Power, 2023, 41 (6): 75- 83.
16	贾跟卯, 赵启承, 骆福权, 等. 直流换流站高通HP3型交流滤波器电抗器匝间故障监测及保护[J]. 高压电器, 2024, 60 (1): 136- 143, 162.
	JIA Genmao, ZHAO Qicheng, LUO Fuquan, et al. Monitoring and protection on inter-turn short circuit fault for reactor of high Pass3rd-order AC filter in DC convert station[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2024, 60 (1): 136- 143, 162.
17	卢东斌, 薛海平, 沈全荣, 等. 基于滤波规则的HVDC交流过电压快切滤波器控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42 (15): 192- 199.
	LU Dongbin, XUE Haiping, SHEN Quanrong, et al. Filtering-rule-based control strategy of switching-off AC filters for overvoltage in HVDC transmission[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42 (15): 192- 199.
18	刘亮, 吴明凯, 陆洪建, 等. 银川东换流站直流功率回降原因分析及改进措施[J]. 宁夏电力, 2022, (4): 24- 29.
	LIU Liang, WU Mingkai, LU Hongjian, et al. Cause analysis and improvement measures of DC power back-drop at Yinchuan Eastern Converter Substation[J]. Ningxia Electric Power, 2022, (4): 24- 29.
19	孔玮琦, 李凯协, 蔡斌, 等. 牛从直流无功控制优先级与绝对最小滤波器限制直流功率策略研究[J]. 电工技术, 2024, (17): 192- 195.
	KONG Weiqi, LI Kaixie, CAI Bin, et al. Research on the priority and absolute minimum filter restriction DC power strategy for bull’s DC reactive power control[J]. Electric Engineering, 2024, (17): 192- 195.
20	王秋楠, 晋宏杨, 刘东, 等. LCC-HVDC换流站无功电压控制问题综述[J]. 电力电容器与无功补偿, 2023, 44 (2): 10- 17.
	WANG Qiunan, JIN Hongyang, LIU Dong, et al. Review on reactive voltage control of LCC-HVDC converter station[J]. Power Capacitor & Reactive Power Compensation, 2023, 44 (2): 10- 17.
21	孙冬川, 孙亮, 孔令乾, 等. 基于深度强化学习的多能虚拟电厂优化调度[J]. 东北电力大学学报, 2024, 44 (3): 102- 111.
	SUN Dongchuan, SUN Liang, KONG Lingqian, et al. Deep reinforcement learning-based optimal scheduling for multi-energy virtual power plant[J]. Journal of Northeast Electric Power University, 2024, 44 (3): 102- 111.
22	周良才, 周毅, 沈维健, 等. 基于深度强化学习的新型电力系统无功电压优化控制[J]. 电测与仪表, 2024, 61 (9): 182- 189.
	ZHOU Liangcai, ZHOU Yi, SHEN Weijian, et al. Reactive voltage optimization control of novel power system based on deep reinforcement learning[J]. Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation, 2024, 61 (9): 182- 189.
23	王扬, 陈智斌, 吴兆蕊, 等. 强化学习求解组合最优化问题的研究综述[J]. 计算机科学与探索, 2022, 16 (2): 261- 279.
	WANG Yang, CHEN Zhibin, WU Zhaorui, et al. Review of reinforcement learning for combinatorial optimization problem[J]. Journal of Frontiers of Computer Science and Technology, 2022, 16 (2): 261- 279.
24	杜婉琳, 王玲, 罗威, 等. 基于深度强化学习的有源配电网电压分层控制策略[J]. 发电技术, 2024, 45 (4): 734- 743. DOI
	DU Wanlin, WANG Ling, LUO Wei, et al. Voltage hierarchical control strategy of active distribution network based on deep reinforcement learning[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2024, 45 (4): 734- 743. DOI
25	梁星星, 冯旸赫, 马扬, 等. 多Agent深度强化学习综述[J]. 自动化学报, 2020, 46 (12): 2537- 2557.
	LIANG Xingxing, FENG Yanghe, MA Yang, et al. Deep multi-agent reinforcement learning: a survey[J]. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2020, 46 (12): 2537- 2557.

参数	滤波器分组类型
参数	BP11/BP13	HP24/36	HP3
C₁/μF	2.745	5.5283	5.5358
C₂/mH	2.7515	33/1698	44.2866
L₁/mH	30.5047	2.1213	228.785
L₂/mH	21.7891	0.3535
R₁、R₂/Ω	3000	80	575

参数	滤波器分组类型
参数	BP11/BP13	HP24/36	HP3
C₁/μF	2.745	5.5283	5.5358
C₂/mH	2.7515	33/1698	44.2866
L₁/mH	30.5047	2.1213	228.785
L₂/mH	21.7891	0.3535
R₁、R₂/Ω	3000	80	575

功率 (p.u.)	功率/MW	不同滤波器连接组数
功率 (p.u.)	功率/MW	BP11/BP13	HP24/36	HP3
0.1	120	1	1	0
0.2	240	1	1	0
0.3	360	1	1	0
0.4	480	1	1	0
0.5	600	1	1	0
0.6	720	1	1	1
0.7	840	2	1	1
0.8	960	2	2	1
0.9	1080	2	2	1
1.0	1200	3	2	1

功率 (p.u.)	功率/MW	不同滤波器连接组数
功率 (p.u.)	功率/MW	BP11/BP13	HP24/36	HP3
0.1	120	1	1	0
0.2	240	1	1	0
0.3	360	1	1	0
0.4	480	1	1	0
0.5	600	1	1	0
0.6	720	1	1	1
0.7	840	2	1	1
0.8	960	2	2	1
0.9	1080	2	2	1
1.0	1200	3	2	1

日期	时刻	滤波器操作	类型	BP11/13	HP24/36	HP3
4月27日	19:57	投入	BP11/13	1	0	0
	19:57	投入	HP24/36	1	1	0
	22:47	投入	HP3	1	1	1
4月28日	13:52	投入	BP11/13	2	1	1
	13:53	投入	HP24/36	2	2	1
	13:56	投入	BP11/13	3	2	1
	20:37	投入	HP24/36	3	3	1
	20:38	切除	HP24/36	3	2	1