Review and Prospect of Modeling Method and Application Scenarios of Virtual Energy Storage under Integrated Energy System

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311066

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to facilitate the complementary coupling of various forms of energy and achieve local consumption of renewable energy, integrated energy system (IES) has become a research hotspot across multiple disciplines. Considering the diversity and complexity of energy devices and networks, as well as the disparity in energy time scales, the source, grid and load with adjustable characteristics within the system are modeled as storage elements using energy balance principles, and a virtual energy storage system is constructed with them, which is incorporated into the optimization and scheduling of the IES. To accurately grasp the research focus of virtual energy storage, this paper firstly introduces the definition, logical structure and technical connotation of virtual energy storage, and summarizes four virtual energy storage modeling methods and characteristic indexes for the equipment or network on the source, grid and load side of integrated energy system, and then emphatically analyzes the specific application of virtual energy storage in four typical scenarios, and finally looks ahead to the future development direction of virtual energy storage.

Key words: integrated energy system, virtual energy storage, modeling method, application scenario

Juan SU, Tuo LI, Junwei LIU, Yue XIA, Songhuai DU. Review and Prospect of Modeling Method and Application Scenarios of Virtual Energy Storage under Integrated Energy System[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(6): 53-68.

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References 69

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负荷模型	模型精度	求解效率	模型适用性
微观动态模型	充分考虑了负荷受到各种因素影响时响应情况，精度较高	包含大量的变量和复杂的非线性方程，求解效率较低	适用于具有明显时变特性、快速响应以及包含复杂内部结构和交互关系的单一负荷分析；系统规模较小，所涉及负荷特性变化在同一时间尺度上
虚拟储能模型	通过等效参数替代的方法简化复杂的动态过程，但精度较低	仅需考虑能量的输入输出和储存等关键变量，动态方程线性化，求解效率较高	适用于需要实现能量平衡或灵活调度的场景；系统规模较大，所涉及的负荷特性变化具有较大的差异，无法在同一时间尺度上分析

负荷模型	模型精度	求解效率	模型适用性
微观动态模型	充分考虑了负荷受到各种因素影响时响应情况，精度较高	包含大量的变量和复杂的非线性方程，求解效率较低	适用于具有明显时变特性、快速响应以及包含复杂内部结构和交互关系的单一负荷分析；系统规模较小，所涉及负荷特性变化在同一时间尺度上
虚拟储能模型	通过等效参数替代的方法简化复杂的动态过程，但精度较低	仅需考虑能量的输入输出和储存等关键变量，动态方程线性化，求解效率较高	适用于需要实现能量平衡或灵活调度的场景；系统规模较大，所涉及的负荷特性变化具有较大的差异，无法在同一时间尺度上分析

虚拟储能类型	充放能功率	储能容量	充放能时间	荷能状态
实体储能	参与电力调度的可调节功率	由自身物理或化学储能特性决定	与设备参数有关	剩余电量与额定容量的比值
温控负荷	暂态功率与稳态功率的差值	取决于可调温度上下限	与体感温度变化速度有关	实时温度差与用户舒适度区间的比值
电动汽车	可参与需求响应量	取决于最大充电时长	与用户用能特性有关	剩余可响应量与最大可响应量的比值
旋转电机	可参与需求响应量	取决于转子转速上下限	与转子转动惯量有关	转子转速与额定转速的平方比
供热管网	受热源功率、管网热损耗和热负荷需求的影响	取决于供水温度上下限	与热媒温度变化速度有关	热媒温度与管道承受温度上下限的比值

虚拟储能类型	充放能功率	储能容量	充放能时间	荷能状态
实体储能	参与电力调度的可调节功率	由自身物理或化学储能特性决定	与设备参数有关	剩余电量与额定容量的比值
温控负荷	暂态功率与稳态功率的差值	取决于可调温度上下限	与体感温度变化速度有关	实时温度差与用户舒适度区间的比值
电动汽车	可参与需求响应量	取决于最大充电时长	与用户用能特性有关	剩余可响应量与最大可响应量的比值
旋转电机	可参与需求响应量	取决于转子转速上下限	与转子转动惯量有关	转子转速与额定转速的平方比
供热管网	受热源功率、管网热损耗和热负荷需求的影响	取决于供水温度上下限	与热媒温度变化速度有关	热媒温度与管道承受温度上下限的比值

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