Electric Power ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (2): 216-226.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311005

• Power System • Previous Articles    

Two-Layer MPC Virtual Inertia Control Strategy for Small-Scale Variable-Speed Pumped Storage Unit with Full-Size Converter

Changhao XU1(), Weidong GUAN1(), Yue WANG1(), Jinshuai ZHANG2, Peng WANG2, Ning ZHOU2, Bowen SHANG2   

  1. 1. College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100083, China
    2. State Grid Henan Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450052, China
  • Received:2023-11-03 Accepted:2024-02-01 Online:2025-02-23 Published:2025-02-28
  • Supported by:
    This work is supported by Science and Technology Project of SGCC (Research and Equipment Development of Key Technologies for Micro Pumped Storage for distributed New Energy Consumption in Distribution Networks, No.5400-202324196A-1-1-ZN).

Abstract:

The development of miniature variable-speed pumped storage on the distribution side is conducive to enhancing the ability of the distribution network to accomodate renewable energies in a more environmentally friendly way. In this paper, a two-layer model predictive control (MPC) virtual inertia control strategy for variable-speed pumped storage unit with full-size converter is proposed. The strategy contains a standard-layer MPC and an auxiliary-layer MPC. The standard-layer MPC generates minimized frequency deviation signals based on a determined system prediction model and passes them to the auxiliary-layer MPC, which considers the stochastic nature of the PV generation with the goal of tracking the frequency deviation predicted by the standard-layer MPC and generates both the power and the guide vane control signals. The simulation of a test system containing a pumped storage unit with full-size converter shows that the proposed control strategy has good frequency-regulating performance, which is helpful to enhancing the PV accomodation capability of the distribution networks.

Key words: variable-speed pumped storage unit, full-size converter, virtual inertia control, frequency control, model predictive control