Simulation Analysis and Structure Optimization of Cooling System for Energy Storage Lithium-Ion Battery Pack

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202306114

Abstract

Abstract:

The thermal management design of energy storage battery packs is an important factor in ensuring the safe operation of energy storage systems. This article is based on the STAR-CCM+platform to optimize the structure of energy storage battery packs with different cooling methods. This article compares and analyzes the heat dissipation performance of traditional indirect liquid cooling, immersion cooling, and optimized immersion models, providing important reference for the design and development of immersion energy storage battery packs. Through simulation and experimental comparison, this article verifies the accuracy of the proposed model, which can provide guidance for the design of thermal management of energy storage lithium-ion batteries.

Key words: immersion cooling, indirect cooling, structure optimization, numerical simulation

Zhoubin LIU, Tao ZHU, Wei JIANG, Xiaobo ZHANG, Jionggeng WANG, Qianqian GUAN, Qiushi ZHANG, Qingliang ZHAO. Simulation Analysis and Structure Optimization of Cooling System for Energy Storage Lithium-Ion Battery Pack[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56(10): 202-210.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202306114

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2023/V56/I10/202

Figures/Tables 17

Fig.1 Model of indirect storage battery pack

Table 1 Parameters of cell

项目		数值
电芯材料		磷酸铁锂
电芯容量/Ah		280
额定电压/V		3.2
导热系数 x, y, z/(W·(m·K)^–1)		21.6, 21.6, 2.11
比热容/(J·(kg·K)^–1)		3 660
密度/(kg·m^–3)		2 120
电芯尺寸/mm		204×174×72
电芯内阻/mΩ		0.43

Fig.2 Mesh of indirect storage battery pack

Table 2 Five cases with mesh numbers

方案		1		2		3		4		5
数量/万		738		886		984		1143		1737

Fig.3 Grid independence verification

Fig.4 Experiment equipment

Fig.5 Temperature contrast

Fig.6 Temperature distribution of indirect storage battery pack

Fig.7 Model of immersion storage battery pack

Table 3 Parameters of coolant

项目	水-乙二醇溶液	绝缘液体
密度（20 ℃）/(kg·m^–3)	1075	820
导热系数/(W·(m·K)^–1)	0.375	0.142
比热容/(J·(kg·K)^–1)	3251	2200
运动粘度（40 ℃）/cSt	4.8	10.5

Fig.8 Grid independence verification

Fig.9 Temperature of immersion storage battery pack

Fig.10 Temperature contrast of two cooling method

Fig.11 Optimized model of immersion storage battery pack

Fig.12 Temperature of optimized immersion battery pack

Fig.13 Temperature contrast of different model

Table 4 Comparison of pressure drop

冷却方式		间接式		浸没式		优化模型
压降/kPa		66.10		3.50		1.38

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