Research and Modelling of Bus Marginal Carbon Intensity for Power Systems Considering Network Losses

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202305075

Abstract

Abstract:

Network losses and congestion have not been considered in the current macro carbon calculation method and carbon flow analysis method for power systems. To achieve precise analysis of carbon emission indicators for power systems, this paper proposes a model to calculate the bus marginal carbon intensity (MCI) of power system considering network losses. A MCI model is established based on coal consumption characteristics of thermal power units. Based on AC power flow model, a sensitivity model of network losses is established, and a calculation method is proposed to calculate the bus MCI of power systems. The method is further improved with consideration of network constraints. The IEEE 14-bus test system and a real 500 kV system are used to verify the correctness and applicability of the proposed model. The characteristics of MCI is analyzed under low carbon and non-low carbon dispatch modes. It is found that the positive and negative MCI of a bus is different when considering the network losses. The network factor also causes the differences of MCI of each bus. The model considering network losses can provide more accurate bus MCI information, which can be used to conduct more accurate real-time carbon emission analysis.

Key words: marginal carbon intensity, indirect carbon emissions of network loss, marginal theory, carbon flow theory, sensitivity analysis

Jing WU, Xuanyu LIU, Xiang LI, Xiaoyan QI, Chengjun LI, Zhong ZHANG. Research and Modelling of Bus Marginal Carbon Intensity for Power Systems Considering Network Losses[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(6): 215-224.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202305075

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2024/V57/I6/215

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of a power grid

Fig.2 Flow chart for calculating bus marginal carbon intensity of power system

Fig.3 A modified IEEE 14-bus system

Table 1 Generator parameters

节点	出力/MW		煤耗系数			碳排放系数/%
节点	最小	最大	a/ (t·(MW²·h)^–1)	b/ (t·(MW·h)^–1)	c/(t·h^–1)	碳排放系数/%
1	100	200	0.000338	0.2298	4.975	2.37
2	60	120	0.000421	0.2127	4.300	2.63
6	20	50	0.000677	0.2097	1.881	2.57
8	10	20	0.000927	0.2128	1.280	2.40

Table 2 Carbon intensity of generators and buses 单位：t/(MW·h)

节点编号	火电机组碳势	节点平均碳势	节点正向边际碳势	节点负向边际碳势
1	0.743	0.743	0.687	0.712
2	0.793	0.770	0.701	0.726
3		0.605	0.741	0.767
4		0.761	0.726	0.751
5		0.754	0.716	0.742
6	0.723	0.726	0.710	0.735
7		0.721	0.729	0.755
8	0.709	0.709	0.729	0.755
9		0.730	0.731	0.757
10		0.726	0.732	0.758
11		0.726	0.724	0.749
12		0.726	0.721	0.747
13		0.726	0.726	0.752
14		0.727	0.744	0.771

Fig.4 Bus marginal carbon intensity before and after considering network losses

Fig.5 Bus marginal carbon intensity before and after considering network losses under low carbon dispatching mode

Fig.6 Generator and bus carbon intensity of a 500 kV system

Fig.7 Bus marginal carbon intensity of a 500 kV system

Fig.8 Bus marginal carbon intensity of a 500 kV system before and after considering network losses

Fig.9 Bus marginal carbon intensity before and after considering network congestion

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