Construction Experience of German Electricity Market Adapting to Energy Transition

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202309049

Abstract

Abstract:

China is moving towards a cleaner energy structure. How to promote the high proportion of renewable energy consumption through market construction is the focus of energy structure adjustment. Many electricity markets of other countries have relatively rich experience in supporting the energy transition. Taking the German electricity market as a reference object, this paper summarized the process and effects of Germany's promoting the consumption of renewable energy, so as to provide useful reference for the construction of Inner Mongolia electricity market. Firstly, this paper compared the gap between Inner Mongolia and Germany in supply and total consumption of energy, and in installed capacity and consumption of renewable energy. Secondly, the paper introduced the German electricity price system and electricity market system, and analyzed the operation results of the German electricity market in adapting to the high proportion of renewable energy through the average absolute error index of the reference factors. Finally, it summarized the experience of German electricity market construction in policy and market connection, transnational market construction and regional self-balance mechanism, and put forward some construction suggestions that are adaptable to Inner Mongolia electricity market.

Key words: energy transition, Germany, high proportion of renewable energy consumption, Inner Mongolia, new electricity market

Zhengnan GAO, Nan JIANG, Qixin CHEN, Jiang XU, Haili WANG, Li XIN, Qinggui XU. Construction Experience of German Electricity Market Adapting to Energy Transition[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(6): 204-214.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202309049

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2024/V57/I6/204

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1 Comparison of the proportion of renewable energy in total energy supply

Fig.2 Comparison of the proportion of renewable energy in total energy consumption

Fig.3 Comparison of the proportion of new energy installation in total power installation

Fig.4 Comparison of the proportion of new energy power generation in total power generation

Table 1 Comparison of energy situation between Germany and Inner Mongolia in China

项目	德国	中国内蒙古
能源供给总量	能源供给总量在2016年达峰，此后呈现下降趋势；新能源供给占总量的比重逐年稳定增加	能源供给仍在稳定增加，尚未达峰；可再生能源占比逐年提升，并且提升速度超过德国同期水平
能源消费总量	能源消费总量在1996年达峰，此后呈现下降趋势；新能源消费占总量的比重在2000年以后快速提升	能源消费仍在稳定增加，尚未达峰；可再生能源占比逐年提升，并且提升速度超过德国同期水平
新能源装机容量占比	与风电转机容量相比，光伏装机容量增长速度更快，新能源装机占比总体保持高速增长	风电、光伏装机容量增速较均衡，阶段性比较明显，呈现由快速增长到平稳增长，后又快速增长的态势；总体增长速度低于德国
新能源发电量占比	总体增长速度较快	增长速度稳定，低于德国

Fig.5 Electricity price for households in Germany 2010—2022

Fig.6 Electricity price for industry in Germany 2010—2022

Fig.7 Electricity price for industry and commercial, Inner Mongolia 2015—2022

Fig.8 Market running curve, December 26th, 2015

Fig.9 Market running curve, December 30th, 2019

Fig.10 Market running curve, April 1st, 2022

Fig.11 Mean error curves, December 26th, 2015

Fig.12 Mean error curves, December 30th, 2019

Fig.13 Mean error curves, April 1st, 2022

Fig.14 Mean absolute error (MAE) curves, 2015—2022

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