考虑源网荷储协同的配网侧分布式光伏市场交易策略优化

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202503052

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为应对高比例分布式光伏并网所产生的间歇性波动对电力系统安全稳定运行的挑战，提出一种源网荷储协同参与配网侧交易的市场机制和交易策略。首先，构建了配网侧分布式能源市场，考虑分布式能源特性设计市场机制。其次，考虑主体间的电能交易建立各主体的运行模型，并基于纳什谈判理论建立源网荷储多主体合作运行优化模型。最后，运用分布式交替方向乘子法（ADMM）求解，获取各方报价和收益。仿真结果表明，考虑该市场机制和配网系统运营商收益分配后，联盟整体市场收益提升了29.8%，光伏就地消纳占比提升了59.8%，验证了本文所提市场机制和交易策略的有效性。

关键词: 源网荷储, 配网侧市场, 分布式光伏, 需求响应, 纳什均衡, ADMM

Abstract:

To address the challenges posed by intermittent fluctuation of high-penetration distributed photovoltaic (DPV) integration to the secure and stable operation of the power system, a market mechanism and trading strategy is proposed for collaborative participation of source-grid-load-storage in distribution-side transactions. Firstly, the distribution-side distributed energy market was constructed, and a market mechanism was designed considering the characteristics of distributed energy. Secondly, an operation model of each entity was established considering electricity transaction among entities, and an optimization model for multi-agent cooperative operation of source-grid-load-storage was established based on Nash bargaining theory. Finally, the distributed alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) was employed to obtain bids and profits of all parties. Simulation results show that, after considering the market mechanism and the revenue distribution of the distribution system operator, the overall alliance market revenue increased by 29.8%, and the local PV consumption rate rose by 59.8%, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed market mechanism and trading strategy.

Key words: source-grid-load-storage, distribution-side market, distributed PV, demand response, nash equilibrium, ADMM

檀勤良, 曾贾斌, 吕函谕, 贺嘉明, 史超凡, 丁毅宏. 考虑源网荷储协同的配网侧分布式光伏市场交易策略优化[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(10): 39-49.

TAN Qinliang, ZENG Jiabin, LV Hanyu, HE Jiaming, SHI Chaofan, DING Yihong. Optimization of Distribution-side Distributed Photovoltaic Market Trading Strategies Considering Source-Grid-Load-Storage Coordination[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(10): 39-49.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202503052

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I10/39

图/表 16

图 1 配网侧分布式能源交易结构

Fig.1 Distributed energy trading structure on the distribution-side

图 2 配网侧市场交易模式

Fig.2 Market trading model on the distribution side

图 3 合作参与配电侧市场策略求解流程

Fig.3 Strategic solution process for cooperative participation in distribution-side markets

图 4 分布式光伏出力曲线和负荷曲线

Fig.4 The output curve of distributed photovoltaic and the load

表 1 电网工业电价

Table 1 Industrial tariff

时段		电价/(元·(kW·h)^–1)
谷段（00:00—08:00，23:00—24:00）		0.3376
峰段（12:00—15:00，19:00—23:00）		0.8654
平段（08:00—12:00，15:00—19:00）		0.5980

表 2 系统参数数据

Table 2 System parameter data

参数	数值	参数	数值
最大PV出力/MW	6	初始SOC	0.5
额定容量/MW	5	荷电状态范围	0.1~0.9
充电功率/MW	3	光伏电价/(元·(kW·h)^–1)	0.3
放电功率/MW	3	储能电价/(元·(kW·h)^–1)	0.4
过网费参数$\beta $	0.03	交易下限/(元·(kW·h)^–1)	0.2
过网费参数$\alpha $	4×10^–5	交易上限/(元·(kW·h)^–1)	2

图 5 ADMM算法求解收敛情况

Fig.5 Convergence of the ADMM algorithm solution

图 6 各主体电能交易策略

Fig.6 Electricity trading strategies for each subject

图 7 各成员交易电价和电网电价

Fig.7 Transaction prices of each member and grid electricity prices

表 3 源网荷储各主体合作前后收益结果

Table 3 Revenue results of source-grid-load-storage entities before and after cooperation 单位：元

联盟主体	不合作收益	合作收益	提升收益
分布式光伏	6355.756	6858.716	502.96
配电系统运营商	345.854	866.319	520.465
负荷聚合商	–36613.400	–31041.827	5571.573
储能电站	149.379	1106.088	956.709
联盟整体	–29762.411	–22210.704	7551.707

图 8 各主体电量上网情况

Fig.8 Electricity feed-in for each entity

表 4 不同光照下各主体收益情况

Table 4 Revenue of different entities under varying solar irradiance conditions

场景	收益/元
场景	分布式光伏	配电系统运营商	负荷聚合商	储能电站
1	7062.91	197.96	–33182.19	2239.83
2	7701.41	258.47	–32903.03	2296.36
3	8418.38	319.77	–32722.64	2391.20

图 9 不同上网电价下DPV交易情况

Fig.9 Distributed photovoltaic trading under different feed-in tariff scenarios

表 5 各主体在不同过网费参数下的收益情况

Table 5 Revenues of the entities under different over-the-grid tariff parameters

场景	过网费参数		收益/元
场景	过网费参数		分布式光伏	配电系统运营商	负荷聚合商	储能电站
1	α₁	5×10^–5	6767.59	1034.48	31041.8	1264.241
1	β₁	0.05	6767.59	1034.48	31041.8	1264.241
2	α₁	4×10^–5	7058.96	866.32	31041.8	1282.242
2	β₁	0.03	7058.96	866.32	31041.8	1282.242
3	α₁	2×10^–5	7350.60	669.28	31041.8	1300.244
3	β₁	0.01	7350.60	669.28	31041.8	1300.244

表 6 不同储能规模下各主体收益情况

Table 6 Revenues of each entity under different energy storage scales

场景	收益/元
场景	分布式光伏	配电系统运营商	负荷聚合商	储能电站
1	7058.961	866.320	31041.83	1282.242
2	7034.485	398.280	30919.79	1152.559
3	7059.202	402.246	31042.25	1282.113

图 10 不同需求响应能力下用户和其他主体交易情况

Fig.10 Trading of user and other entities under different demand response capacities

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