基于压缩空气储能附加阻尼控制的电力系统低频振荡抑制策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202302081

中国电力 ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (10): 115-123.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202302081

基于压缩空气储能附加阻尼控制的电力系统低频振荡抑制策略

汪康康¹(), 孙昕炜¹(), 周波¹(), 郑天文²(), 魏巍¹(), 蒋力波²()

1. 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院，四川成都　610047
2. 清华四川能源互联网研究院，四川成都　610213

收稿日期:2023-02-21 接受日期:2023-07-25 出版日期:2023-10-28 发布日期:2023-10-31
作者简介:汪康康（1974—），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事电网规划及运行相关工作，E-mail： 647819822@qq.com
孙昕炜（1991—），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事电力系统稳定与控制技术研究，E-mail： sunxw09@126.com
周波（1989—），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事电力系统稳定与控制技术研究，E-mail： zbv_s@126.com
郑天文（1987—），男，通信作者，博士，正高级工程师，从事压缩空气储能技术与应用研究，E-mail： tianwenscu@163.com
魏巍（1984—），男，博士，正高级工程师，从事电力系统稳定与控制技术研究，E-mail： 769326807@qq.com
蒋力波（1993—），男，硕士，工程师，从事压缩空气储能运行与控制研究，E-mail： jliboc3@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（52007100）；国网四川省电力公司科技项目（B1199721009N）

Low-Frequency Oscillation Suppression Strategy for Power System Based on Supplementary Damping Control of Compressed Air Energy Storage

Kangkang WANG¹(), Xinwei SUN¹(), Bo ZHOU¹(), Tianwen ZHENG²(), Wei WEI¹(), Libo JIANG²()

1. State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Research Institute, Chengdu 610047, China
2. Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute, Tsinghua University, Chengdu 610213, China

Received:2023-02-21 Accepted:2023-07-25 Online:2023-10-28 Published:2023-10-31
Supported by:
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52007100) and the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company (No.B1199721009N).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着电力系统中电力电子设备的渗透率大幅提升，在扰动下系统发生低频振荡失稳问题日益凸显。为此，结合压缩空气储能良好的有功调节能力，提出了抑制电网低频振荡的压缩空气储能附加阻尼控制方法。首先，建立了压缩空气储能的数学模型，分析了质量流量对其输出功率的影响。其次，分析压缩空气储能抑制低频振荡的可行性，提出了基于调节阀的附加阻尼控制器，调整质量流量，进而控制压缩空气储能的输出功率，抑制电网的低频振荡。最后，搭建含压缩空气储能的4机2区域电力系统仿真模型，验证所提方法的有效性。仿真结果显示所提方法能够为电网提供正阻尼，可较快抑制电网的低频振荡，有效提高电力系统的稳定性。

关键词: 压缩空气储能, 低频振荡, 附加阻尼, 调节阀, 质量流量

Abstract:

With significant increase of penetration of electronic equipment in the power system, the low-frequency oscillation problem of the power system under disturbance are becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, combined with the good active power regulating ability of compressed air energy storage, a low-frequency oscillation suppression strategy is proposed based on the supplementary damping control of compressed air energy storage. Firstly, a mathematical model of compressed air energy storage is established, and the influence of the mass flow on its output power is analyzed. Secondly, the feasibility of compressed air energy storage to suppress low-frequency oscillation is analyzed, and a supplementary damping controller based on regulating valve is proposed to adjust the mass flow. And then, the output power of the compressed air energy storage is controlled to suppress the low-frequency oscillation of the power grid. Finally, a power system simulation model of 4-generator and two-area with compressed air energy storage is established to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method. The simulation results show that the proposed method can provide positive damping for the power grid, and can rapidly suppress the low-frequency oscillation of the power grid and effectively improve the stability of the power system.

Key words: compressed air energy storage, low-frequency oscillation, supplementary damping, regulating valve, mass flow

汪康康, 孙昕炜, 周波, 郑天文, 魏巍, 蒋力波. 基于压缩空气储能附加阻尼控制的电力系统低频振荡抑制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(10): 115-123.

Kangkang WANG, Xinwei SUN, Bo ZHOU, Tianwen ZHENG, Wei WEI, Libo JIANG. Low-Frequency Oscillation Suppression Strategy for Power System Based on Supplementary Damping Control of Compressed Air Energy Storage[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56(10): 115-123.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202302081

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V56/I10/115

图/表 16

图 1 CAES释能过程示意

Fig.1 Energy release process of CAES

图 2 调节阀开度和质量流量关系

Fig.2 Relationship between valve opening and mass flow

图 3 含CAES的电力系统

Fig.3 The power system with CAES

图 4 调节阀的附加阻尼控制器结构

Fig.4 The supplementary damping controller structure of regulating valve

图 5 含CAES的4机2区域电力系统

Fig.5 The power system of 4-generator and 2-area with CAES

表 1 CAES系统的参数

Table 1 Parameters of CAES system

名称		数值
环境温度 T_en/K		293
储气库温度 T_ac/K		300
储气库最大压力 p_ac/MPa		10
储气库容量 V_ac/m³		26608.47
空气定压比热容比 c_p/(J·(kg·K)^–1)		1000
空气定容比热容比 c_v/(J·(kg·K)^–1)		714
理想气体常数 R_g		287.15
储气库内面积 A_ac/m²		6110.5
充满时储气库空气质量 m_ac/kg		3088800
额定透平功率 P_e/MW		100
额定透平功率的质量流量 Q_e/(kg·s^–1)		286

表 2 CAES同步发电机的参数

Table 2 Parameters of CAES synchronous generator

名称		数值
额定容量 P_n/(MV·A)		100
额定频率 f_n/Hz		50
额定电压 U_n/kV		10
时间常数 H/s		3
阻尼系数 K_D		28
极对数 p		2
内部阻抗 R、X(p.u.)		0.06、0.051

表 3 附加阻尼控制器的参数

Table 3 Parameters of additional damping controller

名称		数值
增益系数 K_QS		20000
时间常数 T_WQS/s		0.10
时间常数 T_1QS/s		0.63
时间常数 T_2QS/s		0.08

图 6 区域间传输线有功功率振荡

Fig.6 Active power oscillation of transmission lines

表 4 Prony分析结果

Table 4 Prony analysis results

工况	功率幅值/MW	频率/Hz	阻尼比
无附加阻尼控制	462	0.52	0.035
有附加阻尼控制	358	0.55	0.190

图 7 同步发电机G1和G3转速差

Fig.7 Rotating difference between synchronous generator G1 and G3

图 8 CAES发电机的转子转速

Fig.8 Rotating speed of CAES generator

图 9 CAES的有功功率

Fig.9 Active power of CAES

图 10 CAES透平机的总功率

Fig.10 Total power of CAES turbine system

图 11 储气库内部压力

Fig.11 Internal pressure of gas storage container

图 12 储气库内部温度

Fig.12 Internal temperature of gas storage container

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基于压缩空气储能附加阻尼控制的电力系统低频振荡抑制策略

Low-Frequency Oscillation Suppression Strategy for Power System Based on Supplementary Damping Control of Compressed Air Energy Storage

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基于压缩空气储能附加阻尼控制的电力系统低频振荡抑制策略

Low-Frequency Oscillation Suppression Strategy for Power System Based on Supplementary Damping Control of Compressed Air Energy Storage

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