基于压缩空气储能与增强型地热的三联产系统热力学分析

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202306024

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提升压缩空气储能技术的能量利用率与供能灵活性，基于能量梯级利用原理，提出了一种耦合压缩空气储能与增强型地热技术的冷热电联产系统。通过建立系统的热力学模型，研究了关键运行参数对系统热力学性能的影响规律，并以系统㶲效率和单位能量成本为目标函数，获得了系统的多目标优化解集。结果表明，膨胀机与换热器是系统高效运行的关键设备，提升这2个设备的运行效率对于系统热力学性能以及输出功量的提升作用显著，采用多目标优化方法得到系统的最优㶲效率为55.73%，最优单位能量成本为6378.94 元/kW，能量效率和相对节能率较设计工况分别提升了6.1%和10.68%。研究结果从热力学和经济学角度为系统的工程应用提供了理论依据。

关键词: 压缩空气储能, 地热技术, 冷热电联产, 能量分析, ?分析

Abstract:

To further improve the efficiency and supply flexibility of compressed air energy storage (CAES), a novel combined cooling-heating-power (CCHP) system integrating CAES and enhanced geothermal system is proposed based on the law of energy cascade utilization. The thermodynamic models of each component within the system are established. The impacts of crucial parameters on the thermodynamic performance of the system are investigated. The multi-objective optimization is carried out to pursue the optimal Pareto fronts of exergy efficiency and total investment cost per total output energy. The results indicate that the expander and heat exchanger are the two key components in the system, and the thermodynamic performance of the above two components could improve the performance of the system significantly. Finally, the optimum exergy efficiency of the system is 55.73%, and the best total investment cost per total output energy is 6378.94 yuan/kW. The optimum values of energy efficiency and energy saving ratio are 6.1% and 10.68%, respectively, which are higher than those of values under design condition.

Key words: compressed air energy storage, geothermal technology, combined cooling heating and power system, energy analysis, exergy analysis

梁健, 王蒙, 杨亚欣, 胡杨, 姚尔人. 基于压缩空气储能与增强型地热的三联产系统热力学分析[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 209-218.

Jian LIANG, Meng WANG, Yaxin YANG, Yang HU, Erren YAO. Thermodynamic Analysis of CCHP with Compressed Air Energy Storage and Enhanced Geothermal Technology[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(1): 209-218.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202306024

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I1/209

图/表 15

参考文献 28

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设备	耗费㶲	收益㶲	㶲损失
压缩机1	${W_{{{\rm c1}}}}$	${E_2} - {E_1}$	${W_{{{\rm c1}}}} - {E_2} + {E_1}$
换热器1	${E_2} - {E_3}$	${E_{20}} - {E_{18}}$	${E_2} - {E_3} - {E_{20}} + {E_{18}}$
压缩机2	${W_{{{\rm c2}}}}$	${E_4} - {E_3}$	${W_{{{\rm c2}}}} - {E_4} + {E_3}$
换热器2	${E_4} - {E_5}$	${E_{21}} - {E_{19}}$	${E_4} - {E_5} - {E_{21}} + {E_{19}}$
膨胀机1	${E_8} - {E_9}$	${W_{{{\rm t1}}}}$	${E_8} - {E_9} - {W_{{{\rm t1}}}}$
换热器3	${E_{14}} - {E_{16}}$	${E_{10}} - {E_9}$	${E_{14}} - {E_{16}} - {E_{10}} + {E_9}$
膨胀机2	${E_{10}} - {E_{11}}$	${W_{{{\rm t2}}}}$	${E_{10}} - {E_{11}} - {W_{{{\rm t2}}}}$
换热器4	${E_{16}} - {E_{17}}$	${E_8} - {E_7}$	${E_{16}} - {E_{17}} - {E_8} + {E_7}$
泵	${W_{\text{p}}}$	${E_{14}} - {E_{13}} + {E_{15}} - {E_{13}}$	${W_{\text{p}}} - {E_{14}} + {E_{13}} - {E_{15}} + {E_{13}}$
储气室	${E_{\text{5}}}$	${E_6}$	${E_5} - {E_6}$

设备	耗费㶲	收益㶲	㶲损失
压缩机1	${W_{{{\rm c1}}}}$	${E_2} - {E_1}$	${W_{{{\rm c1}}}} - {E_2} + {E_1}$
换热器1	${E_2} - {E_3}$	${E_{20}} - {E_{18}}$	${E_2} - {E_3} - {E_{20}} + {E_{18}}$
压缩机2	${W_{{{\rm c2}}}}$	${E_4} - {E_3}$	${W_{{{\rm c2}}}} - {E_4} + {E_3}$
换热器2	${E_4} - {E_5}$	${E_{21}} - {E_{19}}$	${E_4} - {E_5} - {E_{21}} + {E_{19}}$
膨胀机1	${E_8} - {E_9}$	${W_{{{\rm t1}}}}$	${E_8} - {E_9} - {W_{{{\rm t1}}}}$
换热器3	${E_{14}} - {E_{16}}$	${E_{10}} - {E_9}$	${E_{14}} - {E_{16}} - {E_{10}} + {E_9}$
膨胀机2	${E_{10}} - {E_{11}}$	${W_{{{\rm t2}}}}$	${E_{10}} - {E_{11}} - {W_{{{\rm t2}}}}$
换热器4	${E_{16}} - {E_{17}}$	${E_8} - {E_7}$	${E_{16}} - {E_{17}} - {E_8} + {E_7}$
泵	${W_{\text{p}}}$	${E_{14}} - {E_{13}} + {E_{15}} - {E_{13}}$	${W_{\text{p}}} - {E_{14}} + {E_{13}} - {E_{15}} + {E_{13}}$
储气室	${E_{\text{5}}}$	${E_6}$	${E_5} - {E_6}$

设备		投资成本方程
压缩机		$ {P_{\rm{C}}} = 91\;562 {({{{W_{\text{c}}}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{W_{\text{c}}}} {455}}} \right. } {455}})^{0.700}} $
换热器		$ {P_{\rm HEX}} = 130 {({A_{\rm HEX}}/0.093)^{0.780}} $
膨胀机		$ {P_{\rm{T}}} = 6\;000 ({W_{\rm TURB}}^{0.700}) $
泵		$ {P_{\rm{P}}} = 1\;120 {W_P}^{0.800} $
储气室		$ {P_{\rm ST}} = 4\;042 {V_{\rm ST}}^{0.506} $

设备		投资成本方程
压缩机		$ {P_{\rm{C}}} = 91\;562 {({{{W_{\text{c}}}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{{W_{\text{c}}}} {455}}} \right. } {455}})^{0.700}} $
换热器		$ {P_{\rm HEX}} = 130 {({A_{\rm HEX}}/0.093)^{0.780}} $
膨胀机		$ {P_{\rm{T}}} = 6\;000 ({W_{\rm TURB}}^{0.700}) $
泵		$ {P_{\rm{P}}} = 1\;120 {W_P}^{0.800} $
储气室		$ {P_{\rm ST}} = 4\;042 {V_{\rm ST}}^{0.506} $

设备	文献值/kW	计算值/kW	相对误差/%
压缩机	274.50^[27]	277.60	1.13
膨胀机	219.10^[27]	221.20	0.96
换热器	533.40^[27]	537.40	0.75
泵	180.00^[28]	182.00	1.11