安徽省煤电机组超低排放改造及CEMS验收问题分析

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201801151

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对安徽省已提前完成超低排放改造任务的67台（36 490 MW）煤电机组的SO₂、NO_x和烟尘超低排放改造技术路线、改造的经济性、改造后排放浓度及减排量以及改造后3种污染物在线监测系统（CEMS）验收中的问题进行分析。研究表明：安徽省燃煤电厂超低排放改造主要以湿式电除尘、低低温电除尘和超净电袋为核心的3条典型技术路线。1000MW机组改造经济性最高，其次为600MW和300MW机组。超低排放改造对全省电厂烟气污染物减排显著，污染物之间协同脱除效果良好。现行的气态污染物监测仪器、滤尘材料及测试方法均不能很好地满足改造后污染物CEMS验收的测试准确度要求，建议超低排放改造机组的烟尘验收选用低浓度粉尘测量自动取样系统和设置空白实验修正；SO₂验收需采用紫外或红外烟气分析仪，采样管路需要高温伴热；NO_x验收应根据SCR脱硝出口和总排口NO_x浓度测试数据相互佐证。

关键词: 燃煤机组, 超低排放, 改造路线, 烟气污染物, CEMS, 验收评价

Abstract: The transformation of ultra-low emissions of 67 coal-fired generating units (36 490 MW) has completed in Anhui Province. On this basis, the technical routes of ultra-low emissions of SO₂, NO_x and dust, the economics of the retrofit, the emissions concentrations and emission reductions after retrofit, as well as the problems in the CEMS acceptance of the three types of pollutants were analyzed. The research shows that the ultra-low transformation of coal-fired power plants in Anhui Province mainly follows three typical technical approaches, which are wet electrostatic precipitator, low-temperature electrostatic precipitator and super net electric bag. The 1 000 MW units have the highest economical efficiency, followed by the 600 MW units and 300 MW units. The ultra-low transformation has a remarkable effect on the emissions reduction of the flue gas pollutants in the power plants of the province, and the synergistic removal of the pollutants is effective. However, the current gaseous pollutant monitoring instruments, dust filter materials and testing methods cannot meet the test accuracy requirements of the modified CEMS after transformation. Therefore it is suggested that the low-concentration dust measurement automatic sampling system and blank experiment correction be used for the ultra-low transformation units. In addition, it is recommended to use ultraviolet or infrared smoke analyzer for SO₂ acceptance, and high temperature heating for the sampling pipeline respectively. NO_x acceptance should be based on both the test data of the SCR denitrification outlet and the total discharge NO_x concentration test.

Key words: coal-fired units, ultra-low emission, modification route, flue gas pollutants, continuous emission monitoring system, acceptance and evaluation

中图分类号:

X773

何军, 马大卫, 王正风, 许勇毅, 查智明, 张其良. 安徽省煤电机组超低排放改造及CEMS验收问题分析[J]. 中国电力, 2018, 51(7): 170-177.

HE Jun, MA Dawei, WANG Zhengfeng, XU Yongyi, ZHA Zhiming, ZHANG Qiliang. Analysis of the Ultra-low Emission Transformation and CEMS Acceptance of Coal-fired Power Plant in Anhui Province[J]. Electric Power, 2018, 51(7): 170-177.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201801151

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2018/V51/I7/170

参考文献

cooling tower into one" in coal-fired power plants[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2005, 26(2):11-12.
[2] 林勇. 烟塔合一技术特点和工程数据[J]. 环境科学研究, 2005, 18(1):35-39, 87.LIN Yong. The technology characteristics of natural draft cooling tower with flue gas injection and its engineering data[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2005, 18(1):35-39, 87.
[3] 姚增权. 火电厂烟羽的传输与扩散[M]. 北京:中国电力出版社, 2003.
[4] NIELINGER J. KOST WJ, BRAUN F, et al. Atmospheric dispersion modeling within water vapour plumes of cooling towers[C]//Proceedings of the 1lth International Conference on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes. Cambridge. 2007:229-233.
[5] SCHATZMANN M, POLICASTRO A J. An advanced integral model for cooling tower plume dispersion[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1984, 18(4):663-674.
[6] SCHATYMANN M. Entwicklung und anwendung eines kuhlturm schwadenmodells[M]. Berlin:E SchVerlag, 1984.
[7] Verein Deutscher Ingenieure.VDI 3782 Part3. Dispersion of air pollutants in the atmosphere determination of plume Rise[S]. Berlin:Beuth Verlag GmbH, 1985.
[8] Verein Deutscher Ingenieure.VDI 3784 Part2. Environmental meteorology:dispersion modelling for the discharge of flue gas via cooling towers[S]. Berlin:Beuth Verlag GmbH, 1990.
[9] Verein Deutscher Ingenieure.VDI 3945 Blatt 3, Environmental meteorology atmospheric dispersion models Particle model[S]. Berlin:Beuth Verlag GmbH, 2000.
[10] 莫华, 刘思湄.燃煤电厂"烟塔合一" 技术在环评技术评估中存在的问题与建议[J]. 电力环境保护, 2009, 25(3):48-50.MO Hua, LIU Simei. Existing question and recommendation for the technological evaluation of natural draft cooling towers (NDCT) with flue gas injection[J]. Electric Power Environmental Protection, 2009, 25(3):48-50.
[11] 莫华. 探讨"烟塔合一" 技术在环评中大气环境的防护距离[J]. 环境保护科学, 2010, 36(6):39-41.MO Hua. Discussion on atmospheric environment protection zone in environmental impact assessment about technology of natural draft cooling towers with flue gas injection[J]. Environmental Protection Science, 2010, 36(6):39-41.
[12] 崔克强, 李浩.燃煤发电厂烟塔合一环境影响之一——烟气抬升高度的对比计算[J]. 环境科学研究, 2005, 18(1):27-31.CUI Keqiang, LI Hao. The environmental effect of natural draft cooling towers with flue gas injection in a burning coal plant part:the parallel calculation of plume rise[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2005, 18(1):27-31.
[13] 周阳, 王红宇, 李志强, 等. Austal 2000应用于国内"烟塔合一"类项目大气影响评价[J]. 环境监测管理与技术, 2012, 24(1):56-61.ZHOU Yang, WANG Hongyu, LI Zhiqiang, et al. Applicability of Austal 2000 in atmospheric impact assessment for"cooling tower with flue gas injection"project in China[J]. Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring, 2012, 24(1):56-61.
[14] 马忠强, 汪林, 朱京海, 等.2×300 MW机组烟塔合一方案大气环境影响分析[J]. 环境科学研究, 2012, 25(12):1416-1421.MA Zhongqiang, WANG Lin, ZHU Jinghai, et al. Analysis of the atmospheric environmental impact of a stack-cooling tower project for a 2×300 MW generating unit[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2012, 25(12):1416-1421.
[15] 刘玉彻, 杨洪斌, 汪宏宇, 等. 冷却塔烟气抬升高度及污染物浓度变化[J]. 气象与环境学报, 2010, 26(1):40-44.LIU Yuche, YANG Hongbin, WANG Hongyu, et al. Uplifted height of flue gas from cooling tower and its pollutant concentration[J]. Journal of Meteorology and Environment, 2010, 26(1):40-44.
[16] 赵恒.烟塔合一预测模式AUSTAL2000落地浓度敏感性分析[J]. 中国电业(技术版), 2014(10):127-129.
[17] 梁冬. 燃煤电厂烟塔合一技术的环境影响分析[D]. 保定:华北电力大学, 2008.
[18] 杨建祥. 排烟冷却塔烟气抬升高度的计算分析[J]. 电力科技与环保, 2010, 26(1):23-24.YANG Jianxiang. The analysis about the plume rise of the gas discharged from cooling tower[J]. Electric Power Technology and Environmental Protection, 2010, 26(1):23-24.
[19] 崔克强, 柴发合.燃煤发电厂烟塔合一环境影响之二——华能北京热电厂烟塔合一设计环境影响估算[J]. 环境科学研究, 2005, 18(1):31-34.CUI Keqiang, CHAI Fahe. The environmental effect of natural draft cooling towers with flue gas injection in a burning coal plant part:the evaluation of environment effect for the case at Huaneng Beijing Thermoelectric Plant[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2005, 18(1):31-34.
[20] 张仁锋, 魏瑶, 雷洋.火电厂烟塔合一和烟囱排放大气环境影响比较——以宝鸡第二发电厂为例[J]. 电力科技与环保, 2012, 28(2):1-3.ZHANG Renfeng, WEI Yao, LEI Yang. Environmental impact comparison of stack-in-tower configuration and a stand-alone chimney in coal-fired power plant——Taking Baoji No.2 Power Plant for example[J]. Electric Power Environmental Protection, 2012, 28(2):1-3.
[21] 马进, 田文鑫, 姜益善.冷却塔口排烟参数与烟气抬升[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2014, 37(S2):475-478.MA Jin, TIAN Wenxin, JIANG Yishan. Parameters and the rise height of flue gas at the exit of the cooling tower[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2014, 37(S2):475-478.
[22] 陈凯华, 宋存义, 李强.烟塔合一烟气排放的数值分析[J]. 电站系统工程, 2008, 24(2):12-14.CHEN Kaihua, SONG Cunyi, LI Qiang. Numerical analysis of plume rise of cooling tower with flue gas injection[J]. Power System Engineering, 2008, 24(2):12-14.
[23] 张丽娜, 马喆, 周阳, 等. 采用数值风洞模型对热电厂烟塔合一大气污染扩散的研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2013, 35(4):67-74, 80.ZHANG Lina, MA Zhe, ZHOU Yang, et al. Study on the diffusing of flue gas pollutant from natural draft cooling tower with flue gas injection using numerical wind tunnel mode[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 2013, 35(4):67-74, 80.
[24] 张丽娜, 赵林, 陈璐, 等. 数值风洞与物理风洞对烟塔合一排烟的比较研究[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2013, 36(5):141-146.ZHANG Lina, ZHAO Lin, CHEN Lu, et al. Comparative study on flue gas discharge by natural draft cooling tower with flue gas injection between numerical wind tunnel mode and physical wind tunnel[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013, 36(5):141-146.
[25] 陈义珍, 赵丹, 柴发合, 等.烟塔合一排放参数试验及特征[J]. 环境科学研究, 2010, 23(5):543-547.CHEN Yizhen, ZHAO Dan, CHAI Fahe, et al. Emission parameters experimentation and characteristics of cooling towers with flue gas injection[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2010, 23(5):543-547.
[26] 赵丹, 陈义珍, 柴发合, 等. 烟塔合一排放的SF₆示踪扩散试验[J]. 环境科学研究, 2010, 23(5):548-554.ZHAO Dan, CHEN Yizhen, CHAI Fahe, et al. Atmospheric diffusion experiments with tracer gas SF₆ on cooling towers with flue gas injection emission[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2010, 23(5):548-554.

[1]	曲立涛, 齐晓辉, 王德鑫, 于洪海. 基于CEMS数据的超低排放燃煤机组大气污染物排放特性分析[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(2): 171-178.
[2]	刘含笑, 吴黎明, 赵琳, 于立元, 郦建国, 崔盈. 燃煤电厂湿式电除尘器减排及能效特性研究[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55(5): 196-203.
[3]	张志勇, 莫华, 王猛, 帅伟. 600 MW燃煤机组烟气污染物控制研究[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55(5): 204-210.
[4]	张国柱, 张钧泰, 文钰, 杨凯旋, 刘明, 刘继平. 燃煤机组烟气余热及水回收系统变工况特性和调控策略[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55(4): 214-220.
[5]	王彦哲, 周胜, 姚子麟, 欧训民. 中国煤电生命周期二氧化碳和大气污染物排放相互影响建模分析[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(8): 128-135.
[6]	刘志坦, 姚杰, 庄柯, 喻乐蒙, 周凯. 燃气轮机与燃煤机组SCR脱硝催化剂特性比较[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(6): 145-152.
[7]	朱法华, 许月阳, 孙尊强, 孙雪丽, 王圣. 中国燃煤电厂超低排放和节能改造的实践与启示[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(4): 1-8.
[8]	惠立锋. 燃煤电厂超低排放PM₁₀/PM_2.5实验室采样对比分析[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(2): 190-196.
[9]	贾西部. 石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫废水排放量深度解析[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53(8): 139-144,163.
[10]	吴家玉, 朱杰, 莫华, 张峰, 帅伟, 张晴, 那钦. 典型燃煤电厂浆液冷却烟气消白设施SO₃治理效果测试研究[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53(8): 145-150,172.
[11]	张顺, 闫培飞, 姚洪宇, 李生鹏, 曹士保, 高亚洲. 亚临界汽包炉深度调峰安全性评估及控制优化技术[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53(7): 203-210.
[12]	马学礼, 孙希进, 苏燊燊, 张仁锋, 党立晨, 黄显昌, 谢永平. 基于超低排放的燃煤电厂烟囱高度优化研究[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53(5): 179-184.
[13]	王霂晗, 朱林, 张晶杰, 杨帆. 欧盟火电厂二氧化碳排放在线监测系统质量保证体系对中国的启示[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53(3): 154-158,176.
[14]	徐静馨, 朱法华, 王圣, 张明, 赵秀勇, 孙雪丽, 胡耘, 田文鑫. 超低排放燃煤电厂和燃气电厂综合对比[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53(2): 164-172,179.
[15]	刘晓敏, 王乐乐, 黄见勋, 黄荣廷, 许积庄, 孔凡海, 谢建南, 李津津, 杨林军, 张发捷, 何川. 低低温除尘器和海水脱硫可凝结颗粒物有机组分排放特征研究[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53(12): 263-269.