Distributed Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch for Integrated Energy System Based on Homomorphic Encryption

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202404069

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the privacy leakage problem in the distributed scheduling process of the integrated energy system (IES), a fully consensus low-carbon economic dispatching method based on homomorphic encryption is proposed with consideration of the power-constrained characteristics of the distributed scheduling nodes. Firstly, based on the power analysis of supply units and energy-use loads in the system, a dispatching model of energy system with comprehensive economic and low-carbon performance is established, and a fully-distributed consensus low-carbon economic dispatching algorithm is proposed by introducing the supply-demand mismatch state estimation variables. And then, the homomorphic cryptography is used to design the state exchange strategy to ensure that the nodes safely exchange information with neighbors without disclosing their private data. Also, the homomorphic cryptography technology allows operations to be performed directly on the ciphertext and ensures that the decrypted results are consistent with the direct computation results of the plaintext, thus ensuring the accuracy of the low-carbon economic scheduling. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling algorithm is verified using numerical simulation.

Key words: integrated energy system (IES), low-carbon economic dispatch, consensus algorithm, homomorphic encryption mechanism, carbon trading mechanism

CLC Number:

TM73

Jingcheng HU, Yunhao FAN, Tong ZHU, Zhenping CHEN. Distributed Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch for Integrated Energy System Based on Homomorphic Encryption[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(2): 164-175.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202404069

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V58/I2/164

Figures/Tables 16

References 31

1	邓杰, 姜飞, 王文烨, 等. 考虑电热柔性负荷与氢能精细化建模的综合能源系统低碳运行[J]. 电网技术, 2022, 46 (5): 1692- 1702.
	DENG Jie, JIANG Fei, WANG Wenye, et al. Low-carbon optimized operation of integrated energy system considering electric-heat flexible load and hydrogen energy refined modeling[J]. Power System Technology, 2022, 46 (5): 1692- 1702.
2	李欣, 陈英彰, 李涵文, 等. 考虑碳交易的电-热综合能源系统两阶段鲁棒优化低碳经济调度[J]. 电力建设, 2024, 45 (6): 58- 69.
	LI Xin, CHEN Yingzhang, LI Hanwen, et al. Two-stage robust optimization of low-carbon economic dispatch for electricity-thermal integrated energy system considering carbon trade[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2024, 45 (6): 58- 69.
3	王永利, 韩煦, 刘晨, 等. 基于生-光耦合利用的乡村电-热综合能源系统规划[J]. 电力建设, 2023, 44 (3): 1- 14.
	WANG Yongli, HAN Xu, LIU Chen, et al. Rural electricity-heat integrated energy system planning based on coupling utilization of biomass and solar resources[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2023, 44 (3): 1- 14.
4	崔文倩, 魏军强, 赵云灏, 等. 双碳目标下含重力储能的配电网多目标运行优化[J]. 电力建设, 2023, 44 (4): 45- 53.
	CUI Wenqian, WEI Junqiang, ZHAO Yunhao, et al. Multi-objective operation optimization of distribution network with gravity energy storage under double carbon target[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2023, 44 (4): 45- 53.
5	黎静华, 朱梦姝, 陆悦江, 等. 综合能源系统优化调度综述[J]. 电网技术, 2021, 45 (6): 2256- 2269.
	LI Jinghua, ZHU Mengshu, LU Yuejiang, et al. Review on optimal scheduling of integrated energy systems[J]. Power System Technology, 2021, 45 (6): 2256- 2269.
6	张沈习, 王丹阳, 程浩忠, 等. 双碳目标下低碳综合能源系统规划关键技术及挑战[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2022, 46 (8): 189- 207.
	ZHANG Shenxi, WANG Danyang, CHENG Haozhong, et al. Key technologies and challenges of low-carbon integrated energy system planning for carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2022, 46 (8): 189- 207.
7	原希尧, 王关涛, 朱若源, 等. 碳-绿色证书交易机制下考虑回收P2G余热和需求响应的PIES优化调度[J]. 电力建设, 2023, 44 (3): 25- 35.
	YUAN Xiyao, WANG Guantao, ZHU Ruoyuan, et al. Optimal scheduling of park integrated energy system with P2G waste heat recovery and demand response under carbon-green certificate trading mechanism[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2023, 44 (3): 25- 35.
8	TANG Z Y, HILL D J, LIU T. A novel consensus-based economic dispatch for microgrids[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2018, 9 (4): 3920- 3922.
9	米阳, 彭建伟, 陈博洋, 等. 基于一致性原理和梯度下降法的微电网完全分布式优化调度[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2022, 50 (15): 1- 10.
	MI Yang, PENG Jianwei, CHEN Boyang, et al. Fully distributed optimal dispatch of a microgrid based on consensus principle and gradient descent[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2022, 50 (15): 1- 10.
10	王彬, 孙勇, 吴文传, 等. 协同电网安全性与经济性的新能源优先实时调度方法及应用[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44 (16): 105- 113.
	WANG Bin, SUN Yong, WU Wenchuan, et al. Real-time prior dispatch method for renewable energy with safety and economy coordination of power grid and its application[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44 (16): 105- 113.
11	崔杨, 郭福音, 仲悟之, 等. 多重不确定性环境下的综合能源系统区间多目标优化调度[J]. 电网技术, 2022, 46 (8): 2964- 2974.
	CUI Yang, GUO Fuyin, ZHONG Wuzhi, et al. Interval multi-objective optimal dispatch of integrated energy system under multiple uncertainty environment[J]. Power System Technology, 2022, 46 (8): 2964- 2974.
12	张博, 唐巍, 蔡永翔, 等. 基于一致性算法的户用光伏逆变器和储能分布式控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44 (2): 86- 94.
	ZHANG Bo, TANG Wei, CAI Yongxiang, et al. Distributed control strategy of residential photovoltaic inverter and energy storage based on consensus algorithm[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44 (2): 86- 94.
13	HAN H C, ZHANG H G, YANG J, et al. Distributed model predictive consensus control for stable operation of integrated energy system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2024, 15 (1): 381- 393.
14	YANG J, SUN F Y, WANG H T. Distributed collaborative optimal economic dispatch of integrated energy system based on edge computing[J]. Energy, 2023, 284, 129194.
15	贺文, 陈珍萍, 胡伏原, 等. 基于一致性的综合能源系统低碳经济调度[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2023, 51 (19): 42- 53.
	HE Wen, CHEN Zhenping, HU Fuyuan, et al. Consensus-based low-carbon economic dispatching of integrated energy systems[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2023, 51 (19): 42- 53.
16	HUO X, LIU M X. Privacy-preserving distributed multi-agent cooperative optimization—paradigm design and privacy analysis[J]. IEEE Control Systems Letters, 2022, 6, 824- 829.
17	高晗, 李正烁. 具有完全隐私保护的电-气综合能源系统分布式协同算法[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2023, 47 (8): 71- 79.
	GAO Han, LI Zhengshuo. Full privacy-preserving decentralized coordination algorithm for integrated electricity-gas energy systems[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2023, 47 (8): 71- 79.
18	杨飞生, 刘佳明, 丁瑞森, 等. 基于半同态加密体制的安全分布式经济调度[J/OL]. 控制理论与应用: 1–9[2024-06-17]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/44.1240.TP.20240416.0935.022.html.
	YANG Feisheng, LIU Jiaming, DING Ruisen, et al. Secure distributed economic scheduling based on semi-homomorphic encryption system[J/OL]. Control Theory & Applications: 1–9[2024-06-17]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/44.1240.TP.20240416.0935.022.html.
19	樊晓伟, 王瑞妙, 杨海峰, 等. 计及源荷不确定的综合能源微电网集群优化运行[J]. 电力建设, 2024, 45 (8): 128- 139.
	FAN Xiaowei, WANG Ruimiao, YANG Haifeng, et al. Optimization operation of integrated energy microgrid cluster considering source-load uncertainty[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2024, 45 (8): 128- 139.
20	LIU L N, YANG G H. Distributed optimal energy management for integrated energy systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2022, 18 (10): 6569- 6580.
21	傅观君, 张富强, 夏鹏, 等. 天然气发电在新型电力系统中的功能定位及发展前景研判[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57 (8): 67- 74.
	FU Guanjun, ZHANG Fuqiang, XIA Peng, et al. Study on the functional orientation and development prospect of natural gas power generation in new power system[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57 (8): 67- 74.
22	郭宴秀, 苏建军, 刘洋, 等. 考虑电热交互和共享储能的多综合能源系统运行优化[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56 (4): 138- 145.
	GUO Yanxiu, SU Jianjun, LIU Yang, et al. Optimal operation of multiple integrated energy systems considering power and heat interaction and shared energy storage system[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56 (4): 138- 145.
23	秦婷, 刘怀东, 王锦桥, 等. 基于碳交易的电—热—气综合能源系统低碳经济调度[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42 (14): 8- 13, 22.
	QIN Ting, LIU Huaidong, WANG Jinqiao, et al. Carbon trading based low-carbon economic dispatch for integrated electricity-heat-gas energy system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42 (14): 8- 13, 22.
24	崔杨, 曾鹏, 仲悟之, 等. 考虑阶梯式碳交易的电-气-热综合能源系统低碳经济调度[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41 (3): 10- 17.
	UI Yang, ZENG Peng, ZHONG Wuzhi, et al. Low-carbon economic dispatch of electricity-gas-heat integrated energy system based on ladder-type carbon trading[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41 (3): 10- 17.
25	CHEN W S, LI T. Distributed economic dispatch for energy internet based on multiagent consensus control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2021, 66 (1): 137- 152.
26	LI Y, WANG C L, LI G Q, et al. Improving operational flexibility of integrated energy system with uncertain renewable generations considering thermal inertia of buildings[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2020, 207, 112526.
27	CHEN Y B, YAO Y, ZHANG Y. A robust state estimation method based on SOCP for integrated electricity-heat system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2021, 12 (1): 810- 820.
28	陈志, 胡志坚, 翁菖宏, 等. 基于阶梯碳交易机制的园区综合能源系统多阶段规划[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41 (9): 148- 155.
	CHEN Zhi, HU Zhijian, WENG Changhong, et al. Multi-stage planning of park-level integrated energy system based on ladder-type carbon trading mechanism[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41 (9): 148- 155.
29	张晓辉, 刘小琰, 钟嘉庆. 考虑奖惩阶梯型碳交易和电–热转移负荷不确定性的综合能源系统规划[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40 (19): 6132- 6142.
	ZHANG Xiaohui, LIU Xiaoyan, ZHONG Jiaqing. Integrated energy system planning considering a reward and punishment ladder-type carbon trading and electric-thermal transfer load uncertainty[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40 (19): 6132- 6142.
30	NI L N, LIU W J, WEN F S, et al. Optimal operation of electricity, natural gas and heat systems considering integrated demand responses and diversified storage devices[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2018, 6 (3): 423- 437.
31	谢俊, 陈凯旋, 岳东, 等. 基于多智能体系统一致性算法的电力系统分布式经济调度策略[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2016, 36 (2): 112- 117.
	XIE Jun, CHEN Kaixuan, YUE Dong, et al. Distributed economic dispatch based on consensus algorithm of multi agent system for power system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2016, 36 (2): 112- 117.

子系统	参数
子系统	$\alpha_{{\rm h},i} $	$\beta_{{\rm h},i} $	$\varphi_{{\rm h},i} $	$\theta_{{\rm h},i} $
1	0.673	6.0	0.599	0.223
2	0.337	6.5	0.526	0.215
3	0.241	6.2	0.561	0.147
4	0.241	3.0	0.502	0.153
5	0.069	3.0	0.582	0.225
6	0.080	5.1	0.554	0.196
7	0.028	2.8	0.550	0.201
8	0.018	5.3	0.573	0.182
9	0.090	3.2	0.511	0.213
10	0.077	4.5	0.551	0.125
11	0.029	5.9	0.569	0.185
12	0.070	5.5	0.548	0.224
13	0.039	3.4	0.560	0.184
14	0.026	5.8	0.558	0.177

子系统	参数
子系统	$\alpha_{{\rm h},i} $	$\beta_{{\rm h},i} $	$\varphi_{{\rm h},i} $	$\theta_{{\rm h},i} $
1	0.673	6.0	0.599	0.223
2	0.337	6.5	0.526	0.215
3	0.241	6.2	0.561	0.147
4	0.241	3.0	0.502	0.153
5	0.069	3.0	0.582	0.225
6	0.080	5.1	0.554	0.196
7	0.028	2.8	0.550	0.201
8	0.018	5.3	0.573	0.182
9	0.090	3.2	0.511	0.213
10	0.077	4.5	0.551	0.125
11	0.029	5.9	0.569	0.185
12	0.070	5.5	0.548	0.224
13	0.039	3.4	0.560	0.184
14	0.026	5.8	0.558	0.177

子系统	参数
子系统	$ \alpha_{{\rm e},i} $	$ \beta_{{\rm e},i} $	$\varphi_{{\rm e},i} $	$ \theta_{{\rm e},i} $
1	0.280	60.0	0.90	0.25
2	0.192	65.0	0.85	0.18
3	0.172	62.0	0.89	0.12
4	0.252	30.0	0.91	0.23
5	0.023	30.0	0.82	0.28
6	0.081	50.0	0.93	0.16
7	0.012	30.0	0.83	0.15
8	0.081	60.0	0.86	0.14
9	0.093	30.0	0.92	0.11
10	0.011	45.0	0.80	0.22
11	0.011	59.0	0.88	0.13
12	0.057	55.0	0.95	0.17
13	0.024	60.0	0.84	0.19
14	0.056	58.0	0.81	0.26

子系统	参数
子系统	$ \alpha_{{\rm e},i} $	$ \beta_{{\rm e},i} $	$\varphi_{{\rm e},i} $	$ \theta_{{\rm e},i} $
1	0.280	60.0	0.90	0.25
2	0.192	65.0	0.85	0.18
3	0.172	62.0	0.89	0.12
4	0.252	30.0	0.91	0.23
5	0.023	30.0	0.82	0.28
6	0.081	50.0	0.93	0.16
7	0.012	30.0	0.83	0.15
8	0.081	60.0	0.86	0.14
9	0.093	30.0	0.92	0.11
10	0.011	45.0	0.80	0.22
11	0.011	59.0	0.88	0.13
12	0.057	55.0	0.95	0.17
13	0.024	60.0	0.84	0.19
14	0.056	58.0	0.81	0.26

子系统	参数
子系统	$\alpha_{{\rm g},i} $	$\beta_{{\rm g},i} $	$\varphi_{{\rm g},i} $	$\theta_{{\rm g},i} $
1	0.257	22.6	0.558	0.166
2	0.158	10.5	0.483	0.174
3	0.214	11.2	0.622	0.129
4	0.280	10.8	0.581	0.192
5	0.046	3.6	0.485	0.167
6	0.058	5.1	0.623	0.165
7	0.073	3.3	0.522	0.150
8	0.062	4.2	0.446	0.160
9	0.018	3.1	0.618	0.161
10	0.051	4.5	0.452	0.133
11	0.010	5.9	0.494	0.185
12	0.040	5.5	0.481	0.146
13	0.055	6.2	0.595	0.169
14	0.056	5.8	0.576	0.131